小花琉璃草，中药名。为紫草科琉璃草属倒提壶属植物小花琉璃草CynoglossumlanceolatumForssk.的全草和根。分布于云南、广西、广东、福建、台湾、湖南、贵州、湖北、四川、甘肃和陕西的南部，亚州南部，非洲也有。具有清热解毒，利尿消肿，活血之功效。用于急性肾炎，月经不调，外用适用于痈肿疮毒，毒蛇咬伤。
Xiao-hua-liu-li-cao, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. the whole plant and root of Cynoglossum lanceolatum Forssk., a plant of the Boraginaceae family and Cynoglossum genus, is distributed in the southern regions of Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan, Hunan, Guizhou, Hubei, Sichuan, Gansu, and Shaanxi in China, as well as in southern Asia and Africa. It has the functions of clearing heat and detoxification, diuresis and reducing swelling, and promoting blood circulation. It is used for acute nephritis, irregular menstruation, and externally for carbuncle, swelling, sores, and snake bites.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

清热解毒，利尿消肿，活血。
Clearing heat and detoxifying, promoting diuresis and reducing swelling, and promoting blood circulation.

主治 Indications

用于急性肾炎，月经不调，外用适用于痈肿疮毒，毒蛇咬伤。
Used for acute nephritis, irregular menstruation, and externally applicable for carbuncles, swellings, sores, and snake bites.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

全草9-15g；外用根适量，捣烂敷患处。
9-15g of the whole plant; an appropriate amount of the root for external use, mashed and applied to the affected area.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《全国中草药汇编》：“清热解毒，利尿消肿，活血。适用于急性肾炎，月经不调，外用适用于痈肿疮毒，毒蛇咬伤。”
"National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicines": "Clears heat, detoxifies, promotes diuresis, reduces swelling, and activates blood circulation. Suitable for acute nephritis and irregular menstruation; externally used for carbuncles, swellings, sores, and snake bites."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

治急性肾炎：全草晒干研末，装入胶囊，每粒300mg，每日3次，每次3-6粒。也可用全草15g，水煎服。（《秦岭巴山天然药物志》）
Treatment for acute nephritis: Dry and grind the whole plant into powder, fill into capsules, 300mg per capsule, taken 3 times daily, 3–6 capsules each time. Alternatively, 15g of the whole plant can be decocted and taken orally. (From "Natural Medicinal Resources of Qinling and Bashan Mountains")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：夏采全草，秋、春采根，洗净晒干。
Harvest and process: collect the whole plant in summer, and roots in autumn and spring; wash and dry thoroughly.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：紫草科琉璃草属倒提壶属植物小花琉璃草。
The small-flowered lithospermum, a plant belonging to the Boraginaceae family and the Cynoglossum genus (also known as the hound's tongue genus), specifically the species Cynoglossum amabile.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

多年生草本，高20-90厘米。茎直立，由中部或下部分枝，分枝开展，密生基部具基盘的硬毛。基生叶及茎下部叶具柄，长圆状披针形，长8-14厘米，宽约3厘米，先端尖，基部渐狭，上面被具基盘的硬毛及稠密的伏毛，下面密生短柔毛；茎中部叶无柄或具短柄，披针形，长4-7厘米，宽约1厘米，茎上部叶极小。花序顶生及腋生，分枝钝角叉状分开，无苞片，果期延长呈总状；花梗长1-1.5毫米，果期几不增长；花萼长1-1.5毫米，裂片卵形，先端钝，外面密生短伏毛，内面无毛，果期稍增大；花冠淡蓝色，钟状，长1.5-2.5毫米，檐部直径2-2.5毫米，喉部有5个半月形附属物；花药卵圆形，长0.5毫米；花柱肥厚，四稜形，果期长约1毫米，较花萼为短。小坚果卵球形，长2-2.5毫米，背面突，密生长短不等的锚状刺，边缘锚状刺基部不连合。花果期4-9月。
Perennial herb, 20–90 cm tall. Stem erect, branching from middle or lower part with spreading branches, densely covered with stiff hairs that have basal discs. Basal and lower stem leaves are petiolate, oblong-lanceolate, 8–14 cm long, about 3 cm wide, acute at apex, gradually narrowed at base; upper surface covered with stiff hairs with basal discs and dense appressed hairs, lower surface densely covered with short soft hairs. Middle stem leaves are sessile or shortly petiolate, lanceolate, 4–7 cm long, about 1 cm wide; upper stem leaves are very small. Inflorescences terminal and axillary, with dichotomous, obtuse-angle branching, ebracteate, elongating into raceme-like form in fruit. Pedicels 1–1.5 mm long, nearly not elongating in fruit. Calyx 1–1.5 mm long, lobes ovate, blunt at apex, densely covered with short appressed hairs externally, glabrous internally, slightly enlarging in fruit. Corolla pale blue, campanulate, 1.5–2.5 mm long, limb 2–2.5 mm in diameter, with 5 crescent-shaped appendages at throat. Anthers ovate, 0.5 mm long. Style thick, quadrangular, ca. 1 mm long in fruit, shorter than calyx. Nutlets ovoid, 2–2.5 mm long, convex on back, densely covered with unequal anchor-shaped prickles; marginal prickle bases not fused. Flowering and fruiting period from April to September.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于云南、广西、广东、福建、台湾、湖南、贵州、湖北、四川、甘肃和陕西的南部，亚洲南部，非洲也有。
Distributed in southern Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan, Hunan, Guizhou, Hubei, Sichuan, Gansu, and southern Shaanxi, as well as in southern Asia and Africa.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于丘陵或山坡草地和路边。
Found in hilly areas, mountain grasslands, and along roadsides.