五指茄，中药名。为茄科植物乳茄SolanummammosumL.的果实。原产美洲。现广东、广西及云南均引种成功。具有清热解毒，消肿之功效。用于痈肿，丹毒，瘰疬。
Wu-zhi-jia, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. The fruit of the plant Solanum mammosum L. of the Solanaceae family. It is native to the Americas and has been successfully introduced in Guangdong, Guangxi, and Yunnan. It has the functions of clearing heat, detoxifying, and reducing swelling. It is used for treating boils, erysipelas, and scrofula.
NMM ID | nmm-05ic |
系统名 | Solanum mammosum Fruit |
系统中文名 | 乳茄果实（rǔ jiā guǒ shí） |
通用名 | Wu-zhi-jia |
通用中文名 | 五指茄（wǔ zhǐ jiā） |
标准化译名 | Solanum mammosum Fruit (NMM-05IC, Wu-zhi-jia) |
标准化中文译名 | 乳茄果实（NMM-05IC，五指茄） |
类型 | plant |
物种基源 | Solanum mammosum | 乳茄 |
药用部位 | fruit | 果实 |
特殊描述 | |
炮制方法 | |
系统名命名解释 | 本天然药材出自“国家中医药管理局名词术语成果转化与规范推广”项目。 五指茄，中药名。为茄科植物乳茄SolanummammosumL.的果实。原产美洲。现广东、广西及云南均引种成功。具有清热解毒，消肿之功效。用于痈肿，丹毒，瘰疬。 |
通用名命名解释 | NMMGN衍生自“国家中医药管理局名词术语成果转化与规范推广”项目相关中药材中文名。 |
上级药材 | |
下级药材 | |
创建人 | |
审核专家 |
功效作用 Efficacy and Functions
清热解毒，消肿。
Clearing heat, detoxifying, and reducing swelling.
主治 Indications
用于痈肿，丹毒，瘰疬。
Used for carbuncles, erysipelas, and scrofula.
用法用量 Dosage and Administration
外用：鲜果切为二半，火烤热敷。
External use: Fresh fruit cut in half, heated and applied as a hot compress.
药理作用 Pharmacological Effects
本品有消炎、镇痛、散瘀、消肿等作用。
This product has the functions of anti-inflammatory, pain relief, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, and reducing swelling.
相关论述 Relevant Discussion
《全国中草药汇编》：“散瘀消肿。主治淋巴结炎，疮疖肿痛。”
"National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicines": "Dispelling stasis and reducing swelling. Used to treat lymphadenitis, abscesses, and painful swellings."
加工炮制 Processing and Preparation
采收加工：秋季采收果实，晒干。
Harvest the fruits in autumn and sun-dry them.
药材鉴别 Identification of Medicinal Materials
药材性状：浆果倒梨形，长4.5-5.5cm，外面土黄色，内面白色，具5个乳头状凸起；种子黑褐色，近圆形压扁。
The berry is pear-shaped, 4.5-5.5cm long, with a yellowish-brown exterior and a white interior, and has 5 nipple-like protrusions; the seeds are blackish-brown, nearly round and flattened.
植物学信息 Botanical Information
植物种属：茄科植物乳茄。
Solanum mammosum, a member of the Solanaceae family.
形态特征 Morphological Characteristics
直立草本，高约1m。茎、小枝被柔毛及扁刺，刺蜡黄色，光亮。叶互生；叶柄长2.5-8cm，上面具槽，被具节的长柔毛、腺毛及皮刺；叶片卵形，长5-10cm，宽几与长相等，常5裂，裂片浅波状。蝎尾状花序腋外生；萼近浅杯状，外被极长具节的长柔毛及腺毛，5深裂，裂片卵状披针形；花冠紫堇色，筒部隐于萼内，5深裂；雄蕊5，几相等，花药长圆状锥形；子房无毛，卵状渐尖，柱头绿色，浅2裂。浆果倒梨形，长4.5-5.5cm，外面土黄色，内面白色，具5个乳头状凸起；种子黑褐色，近圆形压扁。
Upright herb, about 1m tall. The stem and small branches are covered with soft hairs and flat thorns, which are wax-yellow and shiny. Leaves are alternate; petioles are 2.5-8cm long, grooved on the upper side, and covered with jointed long soft hairs, glandular hairs, and prickles; leaf blades are ovate, 5-10cm long, nearly as wide as long, often 5-lobed with shallowly wavy lobes. The scorpion-tail-like inflorescence is extra-axillary; calyx is nearly shallow cup-shaped, externally covered with very long jointed soft hairs and glandular hairs, deeply 5-lobed with ovate-lanceolate lobes; corolla is violet, tube hidden within the calyx, deeply 5-lobed; stamens 5, nearly equal, anthers elongated conical; ovary glabrous, ovoid-tapering, stigma green, shallowly 2-lobed. The berry is pear-shaped, 4.5-5.5cm long, with a yellowish-brown outer surface, white inner surface, and 5 nipple-like protrusions; the seeds are blackish-brown, nearly round and flattened.
生长环境 Growing Environment
原产美洲。现广东、广西及云南均引种成功。
Originally from the Americas, it has now been successfully introduced in Guangdong, Guangxi, and Yunnan provinces in China.