橡实，中药名。为壳斗科植物麻栎QuercusacutissimaCarruth.或辽东栎QuercuswutaishanicaMayr的果实。麻栎分布于华东、中南、西南及辽宁、河北、山西、陕西、甘肃等地；辽东栎分布于东北、华北及陕西、宁夏、甘肃、青海、山东、四川等地。具有收敛固涩，止血，解毒之功效。用于泄泻痢疾，便血，痔疮，脱肛，小儿疝气，疮痈久溃不敛，乳腺炎，睾丸炎，面䵟。
Xiang-shi, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. efers to the fruit of the Fagaceae plants Quercus acutissima Carruth. or Quercus wutaishanica Mayr. Quercus acutissima is distributed in East China, Central South, Southwest, as well as Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, and other regions; while Quercus wutaishanica is distributed in Northeast, North China, as well as Shaanxi, Ningxia, Gansu, Qinghai, Shandong, Sichuan, and other regions. It has the functions of astringency, hemostasis, and detoxification. It is used for diarrhea, dysentery, hemorrhoids, prolapse of the anus, pediatric hernia, non-healing ulcers, mastitis, orchitis, and carbuncle.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy and Functions

收敛固涩，止血，解毒。主治
Astringent, hemostatic, detoxifying. Used to treat...

用于泄泻痢疾，便血，痔疮，脱肛，小儿疝气，疮痈久溃不敛，乳腺炎，睾丸炎，面䵟。用法用量
Used for diarrhea, dysentery, rectal bleeding, hemorrhoids, prolapse of the rectum, pediatric hernia, long-lasting ulcers, mastitis, orchitis, and facial carbuncle. Dosage and administration.

内服：煎汤，3-10g；或入丸、散，每次1.5-3g。外用：适量，炒焦研末调涂。注意事项
Internal use: Decoction, 3-10g; or in pill or powder form, 1.5-3g each time. External use: Apply an appropriate amount of the charred and ground powder. Precautions.

湿热初泻初痢者禁服。不宜多食。湿热作痢者不宜用。相关论述
Patients with initial damp-heat diarrhea or dysentery should avoid taking this medicine. It is not suitable for excessive consumption. It should not be used for patients with damp-heat causing dysentery.

《新修本草》：“主下痢，厚肠胃，肥健人。”临床应用 相关配伍
"Newly Revised Materia Medica": "Used for treating diarrhea, strengthening the intestines and stomach, and benefiting obese individuals." Clinical applications and relevant compatibility.

1、治乳腺炎：麻栎18g，瓜蒌皮15g，紫花地丁30g。煎服。2、治睾丸炎：麻栎焙焦存性研粉。每次6g，每日2次，黄酒冲服。（1-2方出自《安徽中草药》）3、治面䵟：以橡斗子仁碎为粉，和大豆澡面良。（《普济方》）附注

1. Treatment for mastitis: 18g of Chinese gall, 15g of melon peel, 30g of violet-flowered groundsel. Decoct and take orally.2. Treatment for orchitis: Roast and grind 18g of Chinese gall into powder. Take 6g each time, twice a day, mixed with yellow rice wine. (Prescriptions 1-2 are from "Anhui Chinese Herbal Medicine")3. Treatment for facial acne: Grind Xiangdouzi seeds into powder and mix with soybean flour. (From "Puji Fang") Additional notes.

橡实加工脱涩后，磨粉制糕点，做面食，配酒。产品有湖北橡酒、粉丝。加工炮制 采收加工
After processing and de-bittering acorns, they can be ground into flour to make pastries, noodles, and paired with wine. The products include Hubei acorn wine and vermicelli. The processing involves harvesting and processing.

冬季果实成熟后采收，连壳斗摘下，晒干后除去壳斗，再晒至足干。药材鉴别 药材性状
After the winter fruits are ripe, they are harvested, the shells are removed, dried, the shells are removed, and then dried until completely dry. Identification of medicinal materials and their characteristics.

1、麻栎实：坚果卵状球形至长卵形，长约2cm，直径1.5-2cm；表面淡褐色，果脐突起。种仁白色。气微，味淡、微涩。2、辽东栎实：坚果卵形至长卵形，长1.7-1.9cm，直径1-1.3cm；果脐略突起。种仁白色。气微，味淡、微涩。植物学信息 植物种属

1. Ma Li Shi: The nuts are oblate to elongated oval, about 2cm long and 1.5-2cm in diameter; the surface is light brown with a raised fruit stalk. The kernel is white. It has a mild aroma, with a light and slightly astringent taste.2. Liao Dong Li Shi: The nuts are oval to elongated oval, 1.7-1.9cm long and 1-1.3cm in diameter; the fruit stalk is slightly raised. The kernel is white. It has a mild aroma, with a light and slightly astringent taste. Botanical information: Plant species.

壳斗科植物麻栎或辽东栎。形态特征
Quercus mongolica or Quercus liaotungensis, plants of the Fagaceae family. Morphological characteristics.

1、麻栎又名：栩、栎、枥、橡枥、橡子树。落叶乔木，高达30米，胸径达1米，树皮深灰褐色，深纵裂。幼枝被灰黄色柔毛，后渐脱落，老时灰黄色，具淡黄色皮孔。冬芽圆锥形，被柔毛。叶片形态多样，通常为长椭圆状披针形，长8-19厘米，宽2-6厘米，顶端长渐尖，基部圆形或宽楔形，叶缘有刺芒状锯齿，叶片两面同色，幼时被柔毛，老时无毛或叶背面脉上有柔毛，侧脉每边13-18条；叶柄长1-3(-5)厘米，幼时被柔毛，后渐脱落。雄花序常数个集生于当年生枝下部叶腋，有花1-3朵，花柱30壳斗杯形，包着坚果约1/2，连小苞片直径2-4厘米，高约1.5厘米；小苞片钻形或扁条形，向外反曲，被灰白色绒毛。坚果卵形或椭圆形，直径1.5-2厘米，高1.7-2.2厘米，顶端圆形，果脐突起。花期3-4月，果期翌年9-10月。2、辽东栎又名：辽东柞、杠木、柴树、青冈柳。落叶乔木，高达15米，树皮灰褐色，纵裂。幼枝绿色，无毛，老时灰绿色，具淡褐色圆形皮孔。叶片倒卵形至长倒卵形，长5-17厘米，宽2-10厘米，顶端圆钝或短渐尖，基部窄圆形或耳形，叶缘有5-7对圆齿，叶面绿色，背面淡绿色，幼时沿脉有毛，老时无毛，侧脉每边5-7(-10)条；叶柄长2-5毫米，无毛。雄花序生于新枝基部，长5-7厘米，花被6-7裂，雄蕊通常8；雌花序生于新枝上端叶腋，长0.5-2厘米，花被通常6裂。壳斗浅杯形，包着坚果约1/3，直径1.2-1.5厘米，高约8毫米；小苞片长三角形，长1.5毫米，扁平微突起，被稀疏短绒毛。坚果卵形至卵状椭圆形，直径1-1.3厘米，高1.5-1.8厘米，顶端有短绒毛；果脐微突起，直径约5毫米。花期4-5月，果期9月。分布区域

1. Quercus mongolica, also known as Xǔ, Lì, Lì, Xiànglì, and Xiàngzǐshù, is a deciduous tree that can grow up to 30 meters tall with a diameter at breast height of up to 1 meter. The tree bark is dark gray-brown and deeply furrowed. The young branches are covered with gray-yellow soft hairs that gradually fall off as the tree ages, turning gray-yellow with light yellow pores. The winter buds are conical and hairy. The leaves come in various shapes, usually elongated elliptical or lanceolate, measuring 8-19 cm long and 2-6 cm wide, with a gradually pointed tip, rounded or broadly wedge-shaped base, and prickly serrated edges. The leaves are the same color on both sides, hairy when young, becoming hairless when mature, or with soft hairs along the veins on the back side. There are 13-18 pairs of lateral veins on each side. The leaf stalk is 1-3 (-5) cm long, hairy when young, and gradually hairless as it ages. The male flower clusters usually consist of 1-3 flowers located in the leaf axils of the lower branches of the current year, with a cup-shaped pistil shell covering about half of the nut, along with small bracts measuring 2-4 cm in diameter and about 1.5 cm high. The bracts are lanceolate or oblong, curved outward, and covered with gray-white hairs. The nuts are ovoid or elliptical, with a diameter of 1.5-2 cm and a height of 1.7-2.2 cm, with a rounded top and a protruding hilum. The flowering period is from March to April, and the fruiting period is from September to October of the following year.2. Quercus liaotungensis, also known as Liaodong Zà, Gàngmù, Cháishù, and Qīngāngliǔ, is a deciduous tree that can grow up to 15 meters tall. The tree bark is gray-brown and furrowed vertically. The young branches are green, hairless, turning gray-green as they age, with light brown circular pores. The leaves are inversely ovate to long ovate, measuring 5-17 cm long and 2-10 cm wide, with a rounded or shortly pointed tip, narrow rounded or auriculate base, and 5-7 pairs of rounded teeth on the edges. The upper surface of the leaves is green, while the lower surface is light green. The leaves are hairy along the veins when young, becoming hairless when mature, with 5-7 (-10) pairs of lateral veins on each side. The leaf stalk is 2-5 mm long and hairless. The male flower clusters are located at the base of the new branches, measuring 5-7 cm long, with 6-7 lobes in the flower, and usually 8 stamens. The female flower clusters are located at the upper leaf axils of the new branches, measuring 0.5-2 cm long, with 6 lobes in the flower. The pistil shell is shallow cup-shaped, covering about one-third of the nut, with a diameter of 1.2-1.5 cm and a height of about 8 mm, along with small bracts that are triangular, 1.5 mm long, slightly raised and sparsely covered with short hairs. The nuts are ovoid to ovoid-elliptical, with a diameter of 1-1.3 cm and a height of 1.5-1.8 cm, with short hairs at the top and a slightly raised hilum with a diameter of about 5 mm. The flowering period is from April to May, and the fruiting period is in September. Distribution area.

1、麻栎：分布于华东、中南及辽宁、河北、陕西、陕西、甘肃等地。2、辽东栎：分布于东北、华北及陕西、宁夏、甘肃、青海、山东、四川等地。生长环境

1. Quercus aliena: Distributed in East China, Central South China, Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, and Gansu, etc.2. Quercus liaotungensis: Distributed in Northeast China, North China, Shanxi, Ningxia, Gansu, Qinghai, Shandong, Sichuan, etc. Growing environment.

1、麻栎：生于海拔200-2200m的山地、丘陵与针叶林、阔叶林中。2、辽东栎：生于海拔300-2500m的山坡或山顶阔叶落叶林中。

1. Quercus variabilis: It grows in mountains, hills, coniferous forests, and broad-leaved forests at altitudes of 200-2200 meters.2. Quercus liaotungensis: It grows on mountain slopes or mountain top broad-leaved deciduous forests at altitudes of 300-2500 meters.