微毛柃，中药名。为山茶科柃木属植物微毛柃EuryahebecladosLing的全株。植物微毛柃，分布于我国江苏南部、安徽南部、浙江、江西、福建、湖北西部、湖南中部以南及西部、广东北部、广西、四川东南部、重庆及贵州东南部等地。具有祛风，消肿，解毒，止血之功效。主治风湿关节炎，肝炎，无名肿毒，烫伤，跌打损伤，外伤出血，蛇咬伤。
Wei-mao-ling, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. the whole plant of Eurya hebecldos Ling, a plant of the Theaceae family and the Eurya genus. Wei-mao-ling is distributed in the southern part of Jiangsu, southern Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, western Hubei, central to southern and western Hunan, northern Guangdong, Guangxi, southeastern Sichuan, Chongqing, and southeastern Guizhou in China. It has the functions of dispelling wind, reducing swelling, detoxification, and stopping bleeding. It is mainly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, hepatitis, unidentified swelling and toxicity, burns, bruises, external bleeding, and snake bites.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

祛风，消肿，解毒，止血。
Dispel wind, reduce swelling, detoxify, and stop bleeding.

主治 Indications

风湿关节炎，肝炎，无名肿毒，烫伤，跌打损伤，外伤出血，蛇咬伤。
Rheumatoid arthritis, hepatitis, unidentified swelling and toxicity, burns, bruises, external injuries with bleeding, and snake bites.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，10-30g。外用：适量，煎汤洗；或鲜品捣敷。
Internal use: Decoction, 10-30g. External use: Appropriate amount, decoct and wash; or apply fresh product as a poultice.

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：全年均可采收，鲜用，或洗净，切段，晒干。
It can be harvested all year round, used fresh, or washed, cut into sections, and dried in the sun.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：山茶科柃木属植物微毛柃。
The plant belongs to the Theaceae family and the Eurya genus, specifically Eurya villosa.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

灌木或小乔木，高1.5-5米，树皮灰褐色，稍平滑；嫩枝圆柱形，黄绿色或淡褐色，密被灰色微毛，小枝灰褐色，无毛或几无毛；顶芽卵状披针形，渐尖，长3-7毫米，密被微毛。叶革质，长圆状椭圆形、椭圆形或长圆状倒卵形，长4-9厘米，宽1.5-3.5厘米，顶端急窄缩呈短尖，尖头钝，基部楔形，边缘除顶端和基部外均有浅细齿，齿端紫黑色，上面浓绿色，有光泽，下面黄绿色，两面均无毛，中脉在上面凹下，下面凸起，侧脉8-10对，纤细，在离叶缘处弧曲且联结，在上面不明显，有时可稍明显，下面略隆起，网脉不明；叶柄长2-4毫米，被微毛。花4-7朵簇生于叶腋，花梗长约1毫米，被微毛。雄花：小苞片2，极小，圆形；萼片5，近圆形，膜质，长2.5-3毫米，顶端圆，有小突尖，外面被微毛，边缘有纤毛；花瓣5，长圆状倒卵形，白色，长约3.5毫米，无毛，基部稍合生；雄蕊约15枚，花药不具分格，退化子房无毛。雌花的小苞片和萼片与雄花同，但较小；花瓣5，倒卵形或匙形，长约2.5毫米；子房卵圆形，3室，无毛，花柱长约1毫米，顶端3深裂。果实圆球形，直径4-5毫米，成熟时蓝黑色，宿存萼片几无毛，边有纤毛；种子每室10-12个，肾形，稍扁而有棱，种皮深褐色，表面具细蜂窝状网纹。花期12月至次年1月，果期8-10月。
Shrubs or small trees, 1.5-5 meters high, with gray-brown bark, slightly smooth; young branches cylindrical, yellow-green or light brown, densely covered with grayish fine hairs, small branches gray-brown, hairless or nearly hairless; terminal buds ovate-lanceolate, gradually pointed, 3-7 millimeters long, densely covered with fine hairs. Leaves leathery, oblong-elliptic, elliptic, or oblong-ovate, 4-9 centimeters long, 1.5-3.5 centimeters wide, abruptly narrowed at the apex into a short point, blunt-tipped, cuneate at the base, with shallow serrations except at the apex and base, with purplish-black tips, dark green and glossy on the upper surface, yellow-green on the lower surface, hairless on both sides, with the midrib concave on the upper surface and raised on the lower surface, 8-10 pairs of slender, arcuate and anastomosing lateral veins, inconspicuous on the upper surface, sometimes slightly prominent, slightly raised on the lower surface, obscure reticulate veins; petiole 2-4 millimeters long, with fine hairs. Flowers 4-7 clustered in leaf axils, pedicels about 1 millimeter long, with fine hairs. Male flowers: small bracts 2, very small, circular; sepals 5, nearly circular, membranous, 2.5-3 millimeters long, rounded at the apex, with small pointed projections, sparsely hairy on the outside, with fringed margins; petals 5, oblong-ovate, white, about 3.5 millimeters long, hairless, slightly connate at the base; stamens about 15, anthers not locellate, degenerate ovary hairless. Female flowers with small bracts and sepals similar to male flowers, but smaller; petals 5, oblong or spoon-shaped, about 2.5 millimeters long; ovary ovate, 3-loculed, hairless, style about 1 millimeter long, deeply 3-cleft at the apex. Fruit spherical, 4-5 millimeters in diameter, dark blue-black when ripe, with persistent sepals nearly hairless, fringed at the edges; 10-12 seeds per locule, kidney-shaped, slightly flattened and angled, dark brown seed coat with a finely pitted reticulate surface. Flowering period from December to January of the following year, fruiting period from August to October.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于我国江苏南部、安徽南部、浙江、江西、福建、湖北西部、湖南中部以南及西部、广东北部、广西、四川东南部、重庆及贵州东南部等地。
Distributed in the southern part of Jiangsu, southern Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, western Hubei, southern and western Hunan, northern Guangdong, Guangxi, southeastern Sichuan, Chongqing, and southeastern Guizhou, etc.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔200-1700米的山坡林中、林缘以及路旁灌丛中。有时也生长在干燥的阳坡草灌丛中。
It grows in mountainous forests, forest edges, and roadside thickets at an altitude of 200-1700 meters. Sometimes it also grows in dry grassy thickets on sunny slopes.