水毛射，中药名。为唇形科植物水珍珠菜Pogostemonauricularius(L.)Hassk.的全草。分布于江西、福建、台湾、广东、广西及云南等地。具有散风清热，祛湿解毒，消肿止痛之功效。用于感冒发热，惊风，风湿痛，肠伤寒，疝气，疮肿湿烂，湿疹，小儿胎毒，毒蛇咬伤。
Shui-mao-she, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. the whole herb of Pogostemon auricularius (L.) Hassk., a plant of the family Lamiaceae, is distributed in Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi, and Yunnan. It has the functions of dispersing wind and clearing heat, dispelling dampness and detoxification, and reducing swelling and relieving pain. It is used for conditions such as fever and cold, convulsions, rheumatic pain, intestinal typhoid, hernia, ulceration and dampness, eczema, pediatric toxicity, and snake bites.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

散风清热，祛湿解毒，消肿止痛。
Dispersing wind and clearing heat, eliminating dampness and detoxifying, reducing swelling and relieving pain.

主治 Indications

感冒发热，惊风，风湿痛，肠伤寒，疝气，疮肿湿烂，湿疹，小儿胎毒，毒蛇咬伤。
Common cold with fever, infantile convulsions, rheumatic pain, intestinal typhoid, hernia, ulcerations with swelling and dampness, eczema, pediatric toxic syndrome, and snake bites.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，10-30g。外用：适量，捣敷；或取汁涂；或煎水洗。
Internal use: Decoction, 10-30g. External use: appropriate amount, apply as a poultice; or extract the juice for topical application; or decoct in water for washing.

相关论述 Relevant Discussions

《广西本草选编》：“清热化湿。治感冒发热，湿疹。”
"Compilation of Guangxi Materia Medica": "Clearing heat and resolving dampness. Used to treat fever and colds, as well as eczema."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

1、治感冒高热：水毛射、岗稔根各30g。水煎服。

1. For treating high fever due to a cold: 30g of Herba Lysimachiae and 30g of Radix Gentianae. Decoct in water and take orally.

2、治肠伤寒：水毛射30g。水煎服。
2. For treating intestinal typhoid fever: 30g of Herba Lysimachiae. Decoct in water and take orally.

3、治石硬：水毛射嫩叶适量，擂烂外敷患处。（1-3方出自《惠阳地区中草药》）
3. For treating urinary calculi: appropriate amount of tender leaves of Herba Lysimachiae, pound into a paste and apply externally to the affected area. (Prescriptions 1-3 are from "Herbal Medicine in Huiyang Region")

4、治湿疹：鲜蛇尾草捣烂取汁外涂；或用全草适量，水煎外洗。（《广西本草选编》）
4. For treating eczema: crush fresh Houttuynia cordata to extract juice for external application; or use an appropriate amount of the whole plant, decoct in water for external washing. (From "Selected Compilation of Guangxi Materia Medica")

5、治小儿胎毒：水珍珠菜捣汁，浸小儿内衣，凉干后连穿3天。
5. For treating pediatric toxic syndrome: crush Herba Houttuyniae to extract juice, soak the child's underwear in it, dry in the shade, and let the child wear it continuously for 3 days.

6、治毒蛇咬伤：水珍珠菜2份，小果倒地铃1份。捣烂取汁加酒少许服。（5-6方出自《福建药物志》）
6. For treating snake bites: 2 parts of Herba Houttuyniae and 1 part of Fructus Xanthii. Crush into a paste, extract the juice, add a little wine, and take orally. (Prescriptions 5-6 are from "Pharmacopoeia of Fujian Province")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：夏、秋季采收，洗净，鲜用或晒干。
Harvest in summer or autumn, wash and clean, use fresh or sun-dry.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：唇形科植物水珍珠菜。
The plant belongs to the Lamiaceae family and is known as Pilea microphylla (or Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides, depending on taxonomic interpretation), commonly referred to as water pearl vegetable.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

水珍珠菜又名：毛水珍珠菜。一年生草本。茎高0.4-2米，基部平卧，节上生根，上部上升，多分枝，具槽，密被黄色平展长硬毛。叶长圆形或卵状长圆形，长2.5-7厘米，宽1.5-2.5厘米，先端钝或急尖，基部圆形或浅心形，稀楔形，边缘具整齐的锯齿，草质，上面榄绿色，下面较淡，两面被黄色糙硬毛，下面满布凹陷腺点，侧脉5-6对，与中脉在上面平坦下面明显；叶柄短，稀长至1.2厘米，密被黄色糙硬毛，上部叶近无柄。穗状花序长6-18厘米，花期先端尾状渐尖，直径约1厘米，连续，有时基部间断；苞片卵状披针形，常与花冠等长，边缘具糙硬毛。花萼钟形，小，长宽约1毫米，仅萼齿边缘具疏柔毛，其余部分无毛，但具黄色小腺点，萼齿5，短三角形，长约为萼筒1/4。花冠淡紫至白色，长约为花萼长之2.5倍，无毛。雄蕊4，长长地伸出，伸出部分具髯毛。花柱不超出雄蕊，先端相等2浅裂。花盘环状。小坚果近球形，直径约0.5毫米，褐色，无毛。花、果期4-11月。
Water pearl vegetable, also known as hairy water pearl vegetable, is an annual herb. The stem is 0.4–2 meters tall, with the base prostrate and rooting at the nodes, the upper part ascending, highly branched, grooved, and densely covered with yellow, spreading, long stiff hairs. Leaves are oblong or ovate-oblong, 2.5–7 cm long, 1.5–2.5 cm wide, obtuse or acute at apex, rounded or shallowly cordate at base (rarely cuneate), with regular serrations along the margin. Leaf texture is herbaceous, olive-green above, paler beneath, both surfaces covered with yellow rough stiff hairs, the lower surface densely dotted with sunken glands. Lateral veins 5–6 pairs, flat above, prominent below. Petioles short, rarely up to 1.2 cm long, densely covered with yellow rough stiff hairs; upper leaves nearly sessile. Spike inflorescence 6–18 cm long, tapering to a tail-like point during flowering, about 1 cm in diameter, continuous, sometimes interrupted at base. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, often equal in length to corolla, margins with rough stiff hairs. Calyx campanulate, small, ca. 1 mm long and wide, sparsely pubescent only on tooth margins, otherwise glabrous but with yellow glandular dots. Five calyx teeth, short triangular, ca. 1/4 the length of tube. Corolla pale purple to white, ca. 2.5 times longer than calyx, glabrous. Stamens 4, strongly exserted, bearded on the protruding parts. Style does not exceed stamens, apex equally 2-cleft. Disk annular. Nutlets nearly spherical, ca. 0.5 mm in diameter, brown, glabrous. Flowering and fruiting from April to November.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于江西、福建、台湾、广东、广西及云南等地。
Distributed in Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, and other regions.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔300-1700m的疏林下湿润处或溪边近水潮湿处。
Grows in moist areas under sparse forests at altitudes of 300–1700 meters, or near streams in humid environments.