血水草，中药名。为罂粟科植物血水草EomeconchionanthaHance的全草。分布于安徽、浙江、江西、福建、河南、湖北、湖南、广东、广西、四川、贵州、云南等地。具有清热解毒，活血止痛，止血之功效。常用于目赤肿痛，咽喉疼痛，口腔溃疡，疔疮肿毒，毒蛇咬伤，癣疮，湿疹，跌打损伤，腰痛，咳血。
Xue-shui-cao, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. It is the whole plant of the Papaveraceae plant Eomecon chionantha Hance. It is distributed in Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, and other places. It has the effects of clearing heat and detoxification, promoting blood circulation and relieving pain, and stopping bleeding. It is commonly used for red and swollen eyes with pain, sore throat, oral ulcers, carbuncle and swelling, snake bites, ringworm, eczema, bruises, back pain, and hemoptysis.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

清热解毒，活血止痛，止血。
Clearing heat and detoxifying, promoting blood circulation and relieving pain, stopping bleeding.

主治 Indications

目赤肿痛，咽喉疼痛，口腔溃疡，疔疮肿毒，毒蛇咬伤，癣疮，湿疹，跌打损伤，腰痛，咳血。
Redness, swelling, and pain in the eyes, sore throat, mouth ulcers, abscesses, snake bites, eczema, dermatitis, bruises, lower back pain, and coughing up blood.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，6-30g；或浸酒。外用：适量，鲜草捣烂敷；或晒干研末调敷；或煎水洗。
Internal use: decoction, 6-30g; or soak in alcohol. External use: appropriate amount, crush fresh herbs for application; or dry and grind into powder for application; or decoct and use as a wash.

药理作用 Pharmacological Actions

1、抗菌抑菌作用。
2、镇痛镇静作用。

1. Antibacterial and bacteriostatic effects.
2. Analgesic and sedative effects.
3. Toxicity: Hepatotoxicity.

相关论述 Relevant Discussions

1、《贵州民间药物》：“清热解毒。治小儿癣疮。”
2、《江西草药》：“治毒蛇咬伤，全身瘙痒，流黄水，疮疖，无名肿毒，急性结膜炎。”

1. "Guizhou Folk Medicine": "Clears heat and detoxifies. Used to treat eczema in children."
2. "Jiangxi Herbal Medicine": "Used to treat snake bites, itching all over the body, yellow discharge, ulcers, unidentified swellings, acute conjunctivitis."
3. "Hunan Materia Medica": "Stops bleeding, dispels stasis, kills parasites."
4. "Fujian Materia Medica": "Clears heat, promotes diuresis, reduces swelling, and detoxifies. Mainly used for bronchitis, boils, abscesses, and injuries from falls or blows."
5. "Zhejiang Medicinal Plants": "Used to treat lumbar pain from overwork and coughing up blood in pulmonary tuberculosis."
6. "Chinese Ethnic Medicine": "Eliminates putrefaction and promotes tissue regeneration. Used for sore throat, oral ulcers, and internal bleeding."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

1、治口腔溃疡：血水草全草适量。捣烂，绞汁漱口。（《中国民族药志》）
2、治毒蛇咬伤：血水草适量。捣烂，兑淘米水外洗，外敷；亦可内服。（《中国民族药志》）

1. Treatment of oral ulcers: Use an appropriate amount of Bloodwort whole plant. Mash it into a paste, squeeze out the juice, and rinse the mouth. (From "Chinese National Medicine Records")
2. Treatment of snake bites: Use an appropriate amount of Bloodwort. Mash it into a paste, mix with rice water for external washing and application; can also be taken internally. (From "Chinese National Medicine Records")
3. Treatment of internal bleeding due to injury: 15g of Bloodwort, 10-15g of centipede vine roots, and 10-15g of two-faced needle roots. Soak in liquor for internal consumption, appropriate amount, twice daily. (From "Chinese National Medicine Records")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：秋季采集全草，晒干或鲜用。
The whole plant is collected in autumn, dried in the sun, or used fresh.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：罂粟科植物血水草。
Bloodwort is a plant of the Papaveraceae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

血水草，又名黄水草、见血参、人血草、全血草、散血草、片莲、扒山虎、黄芋菜、雪花罂粟。多年生无毛草本，具红黄色液汁。根橙黄色，根茎匍匐。叶全部基生，叶片心形或心状肾形，稀心状箭形，长5-26厘米，宽5-20厘米，先端渐尖或急尖，基部耳垂，边缘呈波状，表面绿色，背面灰绿色，掌状脉5-7条，网脉细，明显；叶柄条形或狭条形，长10-30厘米，带蓝灰色，基部略扩大成狭鞘。花葶灰绿色略带紫红色，高20-40厘米，有3-5花，排列成聚伞状伞房花序；苞片和小苞片卵状披针形，长2-10毫米，先端渐尖，边缘薄膜质；花梗直立，长0.5-5厘米。花芽卵珠形，长约1厘米，先端渐尖；萼片长0.5-1厘米，无毛；花瓣倒卵形，长1-2.5厘米，宽0.7-1.8厘米，白色；花丝长5-7毫米，花药黄色，长约3毫米；子房卵形或狭卵形，长0.5-1厘米，无毛，花柱长3-5毫米，柱头2裂，下延于花柱上。蒴果狭椭圆形，长约2厘米，宽约0.5厘米，花柱延长达1厘米（果未成熟）。花期3-6月，果期6-10月。
Bloodwort, also known as yellow water grass, blood-seen herb, human blood grass, whole blood grass, scattered blood grass, flat lotus, climbing lily, yellow taro, snowflake poppy. It is a perennial herbaceous plant without hairs, with red and yellow liquid. The roots are orange-yellow, and the rhizomes are creeping. All the leaves are basal, with heart-shaped or kidney-shaped leaves, rarely heart-shaped arrow-shaped, 5-26 cm long, 5-20 cm wide, gradually pointed or acute at the apex, with drooping base, wavy margins, green surface, gray-green back, 5-7 palmate veins, fine reticulate veins, obvious; petioles are linear or narrowly linear, 10-30 cm long, bluish-gray, slightly enlarged at the base into a narrow sheath. The flower stalk is gray-green with a hint of purple, 20-40 cm high, with 3-5 flowers, arranged in umbel-like cymes; bracts and bracteoles are ovate-lanceolate, 2-10 mm long, gradually pointed at the apex, membranous margins; pedicels erect, 0.5-5 cm long. Flower buds are ovoid, about 1 cm long, gradually pointed at the apex; sepals are 0.5-1 cm long, hairless; petals are inverted-ovate, 1-2.5 cm long, 0.7-1.8 cm wide, white; stamens are 5-7 mm long, anthers are yellow, about 3 mm long; ovary is ovoid or narrowly ovoid, 0.5-1 cm long, hairless, style is 3-5 mm long, stigma is 2-lobed, extending below the style. Capsule is narrowly ellipsoid, about 2 cm long, 0.5 cm wide, style extending up to 1 cm (immature fruit). Flowering period is from March to June, fruiting period is from June to October.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于安徽、浙江、江西、福建、河南、湖北、湖南、广东、广西、四川、贵州、云南等地。
Distributed in Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and other regions.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔700-2200m的山谷、溪边、林下阴湿肥沃地，常成片生长。
It is often grown in clusters in the shady, moist and fertile soil of valleys, streamsides, and under the forest at an altitude of 700-2200 meters above sea level.