五色梅叶，中药名。为马鞭草科植物马樱丹LantanacamaraL.的叶或嫩枝叶。具有清热解毒，祛风止痒的功效。主治痈肿毒疮，湿疹，疥癣，皮炎，跌打损伤。
Wu-se-mei-ye, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. Five-color plum blossom leaves) refers to the leaves or tender branches of Lantana camara L., a plant of the Verbenaceae family. It has the effects of clearing heat, detoxifying, dispelling wind, and relieving itching. It is mainly used to treat carbuncles, swelling, toxic sores, eczema, scabies, dermatitis, and bruises.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy, function.

清热解毒，祛风止痒。主治
Clearing heat and detoxifying, dispelling wind and relieving itching. Mainly used for...

痈肿毒疮，湿疹，疥癣，皮炎，跌打损伤。用法用量
Boils, swelling, toxic sores, eczema, scabies, dermatitis, bruises and injuries. Dosage and administration.

内服：煎汤，15-30g；或捣汁冲酒。外用：适量，煎水洗；或捣敷；或绞汁涂。禁忌
Internal use: Decoction, 15-30g; or pounded into juice and mixed with alcohol. External use: appropriate amount, decoct with water for washing; or pounded for application; or juice for smearing. Contraindications.

孕妇及体弱者禁服。注意事项
Pregnant women and those who are physically weak are prohibited from taking this medication. Precautions.

内服不宜过量。化学成分
Internal consumption should not be excessive. Chemical composition.

茎、叶含马缨丹烯A、B，马缨丹酸，马缨丹异酸，齐墩果酸，齐墩果酮酸，22β-羟基-3-氧代-12-齐墩果烯-28-酸，24-羟基-3-氧代-12-齐墩果烯-28-酸，3-氧代-12-乌苏烯-28-酸，白桦脂酸，白桦脂酮酸，马缨丹白桦脂酸，叶还含马缨丹酮，二甲基丙烯酰氧基马缨丹酸，马缨丹黄酮甙，22-羟基马缨丹异酸，毛蕊花甙，对-羟基苯甲酸，对-香豆酸及水杨酸等。药理作用
Stems and leaves contain compounds such as madecassoside A, B, madecassic acid, madecassoside, asiaticoside, asiatic acid, 22β-hydroxy-3-oxo-12-asiatic acid-28, 24-hydroxy-3-oxo-12-asiatic acid-28, 3-oxo-12-ursolic acid-28, betulinic acid, betulinic ketonic acid, madecassic betulinic acid. The leaves also contain madecassoside, dimethyl acryloyloxy madecassic acid, madecassoside flavonoids, 22-hydroxy madecassic acid, quercetin, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, and salicylic acid, etc. Pharmacological effects.

1、解热、抗肿瘤等作用：叶含有的马缨丹烯A有解热作用；含有的毛蕊花甙在体外有抗微生物、免疫抑制和抗肿瘤作用，又是大鼠脑蛋白激酶C抑制剂。另含有的生物碱能降低狗的血压，加快加深呼吸并引起战栗；兴奋大鼠肠管而抑制子宫活动。2、免疫作用：给羊灌服五色梅叶粉200mg/（kg·d），连续110d，能显著抑制中毒羊的细胞免疫和体液免疫功能，也显著降低脾网状内皮细胞非特异性吞噬功能。毒理作用

1. Antipyretic and anti-tumor effects: The leaves contain Madecassoside A, which has antipyretic effects; the presence of rutin in the leaves exhibits antimicrobial, immunosuppressive, and anti-tumor effects in vitro, and it is also an inhibitor of protein kinase C in rat brains. The alkaloids in the leaves can lower blood pressure in dogs, accelerate and deepen respiration, and cause tremors; they can stimulate the intestines of rats while inhibiting uterine activity. 2. Immunomodulatory effects: Oral administration of 200mg/kg/day of powder from the leaves of Rhododendron simsii to sheep for 110 consecutive days can significantly inhibit the cellular and humoral immune functions of intoxicated sheep, as well as markedly reduce the non-specific phagocytic function of splenic reticuloendothelial cells. Toxic effects are also observed.

五色梅是世界十大有毒杂草之一。小牛、羊、水牛等乳畜喂饲五色梅叶后可致慢性中毒而死亡。从叶中分离的毒素成分马缨丹烯A和B，分别给羊口服产生的中毒剂量为65-75mg/kg和200-300mg/kg，且马缨丹烯A在叶中含量高，故马缨丹烯B对反刍动物中毒似不重要。给兔灌服叶6g/kg或毒素125mg/kg，可引起黄疸，厌食和便秘，血浆非结合型胆红素，尤其结合型胆红素增加，天冬氨酸转氨酶和酸性磷酸酶活性增加。光镜病理检查，肝细胞浊肿，肝门纤维化，胆管扩张并增生；肾小球间质细胞增生，肾小管变性，肾小管内皮细胞浊肿，核团缩。豚鼠灌服毒素125mg/kg或口服叶粉，在48h内产生黄疸，光致敏，肝肾损伤，高胆红素血症，高叶赤素血症，血浆尿素氮含量显著升高，酸性磷酸酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶、乳酸脱氢酶和谷氨酸脱氢酶活性明显增加；肝和肾脏黄嘌呤氧化酶活性提高。豚鼠中毒的肝脏蛋白和DNA的含量降低，脂质含量增加，显著提高肝线粒体氧化酶的活性，降低与药物代谢有关的微粒体酶的活性，胞液谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶活性也降低，溶酶体酶漏出。家畜五色梅中毒可用皂粘土或活性炭口服作为解毒剂。相关论述
The Oleander is one of the world's top ten poisonous weeds. Feeding Oleander leaves to calves, sheep, water buffalo, and other dairy cattle can cause chronic poisoning and death. The toxic components isolated from the leaves are oleandrin A and B. The toxic doses for sheep orally administered are 65-75mg/kg and 200-300mg/kg respectively. Since oleandrin A has a higher content in the leaves, oleandrin B is considered less important in ruminant poisoning. Administering 6g/kg of leaves or 125mg/kg of toxin to rabbits can cause jaundice, anorexia, constipation, elevated unconjugated bilirubin in plasma, especially increased conjugated bilirubin, increased aspartate aminotransferase and acid phosphatase activity. Microscopic pathological examination shows hepatocyte swelling, portal fibrosis, bile duct dilation and proliferation; interstitial cell proliferation in renal glomeruli, tubular degeneration, tubular epithelial cell swelling, and nuclear condensation. Guinea pigs administered 125mg/kg of toxin or fed leaf powder develop jaundice, photosensitivity, liver and kidney damage, hyperbilirubinemia, hypercarotenemia, significantly increased blood urea nitrogen content, markedly increased acid phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and glutamate dehydrogenase activities; increased liver and kidney xanthine oxidase activity. Liver protein and DNA content decrease in poisoned guinea pigs, lipid content increases, liver mitochondrial oxidase activity significantly increases, microsomal enzyme activity related to drug metabolism decreases, cytosolic glutathione-S-transferase activity also decreases, and lysosomal enzyme leakage occurs. Activated charcoal or kaolin can be orally administered to livestock poisoned by Oleander as an antidote.

1、《生草药性备要》：“消疮咄脓，祛风止痒，理痰火。”2、《岭南采药录》：“洗毒湿疹疥癣。”3、广州部队《常用中草药手册》：“消肿毒，止搔痒。主治皮炎，湿疹，瘙痒。”4、《海南岛常用中草药手册》：“清热解毒，祛风止痒。主治跌打扭伤，无名肿毒，疥癞，皮肤湿疹，疖疮。”5、《福建药物志》：“祛风利湿，活血散瘀。主治稻田性皮炎。”临床应用 相关配伍

1. "Heal wounds, drain pus, dispel wind, stop itching, clear phlegm and fire." 2. "Treat poison, dampness, eczema, and scabies." 3. "Reduce swelling, relieve itching. Mainly used for dermatitis, eczema, and pruritus." 4. "Clear heat, detoxify, dispel wind, stop itching. Mainly used for bruises, sprains, unknown swellings, scabies, skin eczema, and furuncles." 5. "Dispel wind, remove dampness, activate blood circulation, and disperse stasis. Mainly used for paddy field dermatitis." Clinical applications and related compatibility.

1、治毒核症：臭金凤叶捣烂，取自然汁，用双蒸酒冲服；又将叶捣烂，加红糖、冰片少许，敷于核上，不时转换，即可清凉止痛。（《岭南采药录》）2、治皮炎，湿疹，瘙痒：（马缨丹）新鲜枝叶煎水外洗。（广州部队《常用中草药手册》）3、治松毛虫病：马缨丹叶、花，捣烂挤汁，涂于患处。若接触松毛虫2-3h后，须1h涂药1次。[《新中医》1980，（2）；32]4、治跌打扭伤，无名肿毒：（马缨丹）叶捣烂外敷。（《海南岛常用中草药手册》）5、治筋伤：毛神花鲜叶捣碎，擦患处，然后以渣敷之。《闽南民间草药》）6、治感冒风热：五色花叶30g，山芝麻15g。水煎，每日分2次服。（《广西中草药》）加工炮制 采收加工

1. Treatment for toxic nodules: Crush the leaves of Stinking Golden Thistle, extract the juice, mix with double-steamed liquor for oral administration; crush the leaves again, add a little red sugar and a small amount of borneol, apply on the nodule, change it occasionally, which can cool and relieve pain. (Record of Herbal Medicine Collection in Lingnan)2. Treatment for dermatitis, eczema, and itching: (Marigold) Boil fresh branches and leaves in water for external washing. (Common Chinese Herbal Medicine Manual of Guangzhou Troops)3. Treatment for pine caterpillar disease: Crush the leaves and flowers of Marigold, squeeze out the juice, and apply it to the affected area. If exposed to pine caterpillars for 2-3 hours, apply the medicine once every hour. (New Chinese Medicine, 1980, (2); 32)4. Treatment for bruises, sprains, and unknown swellings: (Marigold) Crush the leaves and apply externally. (Common Chinese Herbal Medicine Manual of Hainan Island)5. Treatment for muscle injuries: Crush the fresh leaves of Maoshen Flower, apply to the affected area, and then use the residue for dressing. (Folk Herbal Medicine of Southern Fujian)6. Treatment for cold and wind-heat: Take 30g of Five-Colored Flower leaves and 15g of Mountain Sesame, decoct in water, and take twice a day. (Chinese Herbal Medicine of Guangxi) Processing and preparation: Harvesting and processing.

春、夏季采收，鲜用或晒干。植物学信息 植物种属
Harvest in spring or summer, use fresh or sun-dried. Botanical information: Genus of the plant.

马鞭草科马缨丹属马缨丹。形态特征
The genus Salvia in the Lamiaceae family includes the species Salvia miltiorrhiza. It has the following morphological characteristics:

直立或蔓性灌木。植株有臭味，高1-2m，有时呈藤状，长可达4m。茎、枝均呈四方形，有糙毛，常有下弯的钩刺或无刺。单叶对生；叶柄长约1cm；叶片卵形至卵状长圆形，长3-9cm，宽1.5-5cm，基部楔形或心形，边缘有钝齿，先端渐尖或急尖，表面有粗糙的皱纹和短柔毛，背面具小刚毛，侧脉约5对。头状花序腋生，花序直径1.5-2.5cm；花序梗粗壮，长于叶柄；苞片披针形，长为花萼的1-3倍，有短柔毛；花萼筒状，先端有极短的齿；花冠黄色、橙黄色、粉红色至深红色，花冠管长约1cm，两面均有细短毛，直径4-6mm；雄蕊4，内藏。果实圆球形，成熟时紫黑色。全年开花。分布区域
Upright or creeping shrub. The plant has a foul smell, grows to a height of 1-2m, sometimes vine-like, reaching up to 4m in length. The stems and branches are square in shape, rough-haired, often with downward-curved hooked thorns or without thorns. Leaves are opposite; petioles are about 1cm long; leaf blades are ovate to ovate-oblong, 3-9cm long, 1.5-5cm wide, with a wedge-shaped or heart-shaped base, blunt teeth along the edges, gradually pointed or sharply pointed tips, rough wrinkles and short soft hairs on the surface, small stiff hairs on the back, and about 5 pairs of lateral veins. Capitulum inflorescences are axillary, with a diameter of 1.5-2.5cm; inflorescence stalks are stout, longer than the petioles; bracts are lanceolate, 1-3 times longer than the calyx, with short soft hairs; calyx tubular, with extremely short teeth at the apex; corolla yellow, orange-yellow, pink to deep red, corolla tube about 1cm long, finely short-haired on both sides, 4-6mm in diameter; 4 stamens, hidden inside. The fruit is spherical, purple-black when ripe. It blooms all year round. Distribution area.

我国庭园有栽培。福建、台湾、广东、广西有逸生。原产美洲热带地区。生长环境
The plant is cultivated in our country. It grows naturally in Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, and Guangxi. It is originally from the tropical regions of the Americas. Its growth environment.

常生于海拔80-1500m的海边沙滩、路边及空旷地。
It often grows on sandy beaches, roadsides, and open areas at altitudes of 80-1500 meters near the sea.