三七花，中药名。为五加科植物三七Panaxnotoginseng(Burk.)F.H.ChenexC.Chow的花。分布于江西、湖北、广东、广西、四川、云南等地。具有清热生津，平肝降压之功效。常用于津伤口渴，咽痛音哑，高血压病。
San-qi-hua, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. Flower of Panax notoginseng), is the flower of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen ex C. Chow, a plant of the Araliaceae family. It is distributed in Jiangxi, Hubei, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, and other places. It has the effects of clearing heat and generating fluids, and lowering liver pressure. It is often used for thirst due to fluid injury, sore throat and hoarseness, and hypertension.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

清热生津，平肝降压。
Clearing heat and generating fluids, soothing the liver and reducing blood pressure.

主治 Indications

用于津伤口渴，咽痛音哑，高血压病。
Used for thirst due to body fluid injury, sore throat with hoarseness, and hypertension.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：适量，开水泡服。
Internal use: Take an appropriate amount, steep in boiling water before consumption.

注意事项 Precautions

三七花性凉味苦，感冒期间不宜服用，否则会加重病情。
Chrysanthemum has a cool and bitter nature, so it is not suitable for consumption during a cold, as it may worsen the condition.

《广西中草药》称本品：“孕妇慎用”。
The "Guangxi Chinese Herbal Medicine" warns that this product should be used with caution by pregnant women.

药理作用 Pharmacological Effects

对中枢神经系统作用：镇痛作用；
Central Nervous System Effects: Analgesic effect;

抗炎作用；
Anti-inflammatory effect;

对血管和血压作用：对血管有明显扩张作用。
Effects on Blood Vessels and Blood Pressure: It has a significant vasodilation effect on blood vessels.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《云南中草药选》：“甘、凉。清热、平肝、降压。治高血压、头昏、目眩、耳鸣、急性咽喉炎。”
"Selected Yunnan Herbal Medicine": "Sweet and cool in nature. Clears heat, soothes the liver, and lowers blood pressure. Used to treat hypertension, dizziness, vertigo, tinnitus, and acute pharyngitis."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

治渴饮，咽痛音哑：三七花适量，泡开水频服。（《云南中草药》）
Treatment for thirst and hoarseness with sore throat: Take an appropriate amount of Sanqi flowers, soak them in boiling water, and drink the infusion frequently. (From "Yunnan Traditional Chinese Medicine Herbal Medicine")

附注 Additional Notes

常见伪品：人参花：为五加科植物人参的干燥花，为伞形花序，花朵共生有40-70朵多花瓣不等。其总花梗比较长，在总花梗上生出一至几个小花序。花萼为绿色，呈钟状为5裂，花瓣为黄绿色，呈针形或卵形，5枚。雄蕊呈淡绿色，为5枚。花药呈乳白色，短圆形状，为4室，背着药，花丝的基部比较膨大，在开花前较短，但在开花后却为花药总长的2倍左右，在开花前，花药是围绕柱头周围的，但在开花后，花粉会散出。雌蕊1个，由柱头、花柱、子房三部分组成，柱头呈叉状分2裂，子房为2室，中央边缘为胎座，子房下位。质脆，气微，味甘微苦。
Common counterfeits: Ginseng flower: The dried flower of the ginseng plant in the Araliaceae family, with an umbrella-shaped inflorescence, bearing 40-70 flowers with varying numbers of petals. The total flower stalk is relatively long, with one to several small inflorescences growing on it. The calyx is green, bell-shaped and 5-lobed, the petals are yellow-green, needle-shaped or ovate, in 5 pieces. The stamens are pale green, in 5 pieces. The anthers are milky white, short and round, with 4 chambers, carrying pollen, the base of the filaments is relatively swollen, shorter before flowering, but about twice the total length of the anthers after flowering. Before flowering, the anthers surround the stigma, but after flowering, the pollen will be released. There is one pistil, consisting of the stigma, style, and ovary, the stigma is bifurcated, the ovary has 2 chambers, with the central edge as the placenta, and the ovary is inferior. It is brittle in texture, slightly aromatic, with a slightly sweet and bitter taste.

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：6-8月开花时采收花序，薰蒸晒干。
Harvest the flower clusters during the blooming season from June to August, then steam and dry them.

药材鉴别 Medicinal Identification

药材性状：本品为三七花序的干燥品。呈半球状、球状或伞状，绿色或黄绿色，直径0.5-2.5cm，总花梗圆柱形，长0.5-4.5cm，直径约0.1cm，常弯曲，具细纵纹。其上密集着这生约200朵小花蕾，成圆球状，小花蕾圆柱形，长约0.2cm，直径0.1cm，小花梗细长，0.5-1cm。质较松脆易碎。气芳味香，味微苦回甜。
Medicinal material characteristics: This product is the dried flower cluster of Panax notoginseng. It is semi-spherical, spherical, or umbrella-shaped, green or yellowish-green in color, with a diameter of 0.5-2.5 cm. The total flower stalk is cylindrical, 0.5-4.5 cm long, with a diameter of about 0.1 cm, often curved, and has fine longitudinal wrinkles. It is densely covered with about 200 small flower buds, forming a spherical shape. The small flower buds are cylindrical, about 0.2 cm long and 0.1 cm in diameter, with slender flower stalks, 0.5-1 cm long. The texture is relatively loose and brittle. It has a fragrant aroma and a slightly bitter taste followed by sweetness.

饮片性状：呈半球状，球状或伞形，直径0.5-2.5cm，总花梗长0.5-4.5cm，圆柱形，常弯曲，具细纵纹。展开后，小花柄长0.1-1.5cm，基部具毛鳞状苞片。花萼呈黄绿色，先端5齿裂。剖开在放大镜下观察，花瓣5，黄绿色。花药椭圆形，背着生，内向5纵裂，花柱2枚，基部合生。质脆易碎。气微，味甘微苦。
Decoction piece characteristics: It is semi-spherical, spherical, or umbrella-shaped, with a diameter of 0.5-2.5 cm. The total flower stalk is 0.5-4.5 cm long, cylindrical, often curved, and has fine longitudinal wrinkles. After unfolding, the small flower stem is 0.1-1.5 cm long, with hairy scale-like bracts at the base. The sepals are yellowish-green, with 5 toothed tips. When observed under a magnifying glass after being dissected, there are 5 petals, yellowish-green in color. The anthers are elliptical, dorsal, inwardly 5 longitudinally split, with 2 pistils, fused at the base. The texture is brittle and fragile. It has a mild aroma and a slightly sweet and bitter taste.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：五加科植物三七。
Panax notoginseng, a plant in the Araliaceae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

多年生草本；根状茎短，竹鞭状，横生，有2至几条肉质根；肉质根圆柱形，长约2-4厘米，直径约1厘米，干时有纵皱纹。地上茎单生，高约40厘米，有纵纹，无毛，基部有宿存鳞片。叶为掌状复叶，4枚轮生于茎顶；叶柄长4-5厘米，有纵纹，无毛；托叶小，披针形，长5-6毫米；小叶片3-4，薄膜质，透明，倒卵状椭圆形至倒卵状长圆形，中央的长9-10厘米，宽3.5-4厘米，侧生的较小，先端长渐尖，基部渐狭，下延，边缘有重锯齿，齿有刺尖，上面脉上密生刚毛，刚毛长1.5-2毫米，下面无毛，侧脉8-10对，两面明显，网脉明显；小叶柄长2-10毫米，与叶柄顶端连接处簇生刚毛。伞形花序单个顶生，直径约3.5厘米，有花20-50朵；总花梗长约12厘米，有纵纹，无毛；花梗纤细，无毛，长约1厘米；苞片不明显；花黄绿色；萼杯状（雄花的萼为陀螺形），边缘有5个三角形的齿；花瓣5；雄蕊5；子房2室；花柱2（雄花中的退化雌蕊上为1条），离生，反曲。果实未见。
Perennial herb; short rhizome, bamboo-like, horizontally growing, with 2 to several fleshy roots; fleshy roots cylindrical, about 2-4 centimeters long, approximately 1 centimeter in diameter, longitudinally wrinkled when dry. Above-ground stem solitary, about 40 centimeters tall, grooved, hairless, with persistent scales at the base. Leaves palmately compound, 4 leaflets whorled at the top of the stem; leaf stalk 4-5 centimeters long, grooved, hairless; stipules small, lanceolate, about 5-6 millimeters long; leaflets 3-4, membranous, transparent, inversely ovate to inversely oblong-elliptic, central one 9-10 centimeters long, 3.5-4 centimeters wide, lateral ones smaller, apex gradually pointed, base gradually narrowed, downward extended, margins serrated with prickly teeth, densely hairy on the upper surface of veins, hairs 1.5-2 millimeters long, hairless on the lower surface, 8-10 pairs of lateral veins, prominent on both surfaces, reticulate veins obvious; leaflet stalks 2-10 millimeters long, clustered with stiff hairs at the junction with the leaf stalk. Umbel inflorescence solitary at the apex, about 3.5 centimeters in diameter, with 20-50 flowers; peduncle about 12 centimeters long, grooved, hairless; pedicels slender, hairless, about 1 centimeter long; bracts inconspicuous; flowers yellow-green; calyx cup-shaped (calyx of male flowers gyro-shaped), with 5 triangular teeth on the margin; petals 5; stamens 5; ovary 2-celled; styles 2 (1 in degenerate pistil of male flowers), separate, recurved. Fruits not observed.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于江西、湖北、广东、广西、四川、云南等地。野生者已少见，多为栽培。
Distributed in Jiangxi, Hubei, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan and other regions. Wild specimens are now rare, mostly cultivated.

生长环境 Growing Environment

野生于山坡丛林下，今多栽培于海拔800-1000m的山脚斜披、土丘缓坡上或人工荫棚下。
Originally growing wild in the forests on mountain slopes, this plant is now mostly cultivated on the gentle slopes at the foot of mountains at altitudes of 800-1000 meters, or under artificial shade structures.