窃衣，中药名。为伞形科植物窃衣Torilisscabra(Thunb.)DC.[ChaerophyllumscabrumThunb.]和小窃衣Torilisjaponica(Houtt.)DC.的果实或全草。窃衣分布于陕西、甘肃、江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、湖北、湖南、广东、广西、四川、贵州等地；小窃衣分布几遍全国。具有杀虫止泻，收湿止痒之功效。常用于虫积腹痛，泄痢，疮疡溃烂，阴痒带下，风湿疹。
"Qie-y, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. refers to the fruit or whole plant of Torilis scabra (Thunb.) DC. [Chaerophyllum scabrum Thunb.] and Torilis japonica (Houtt.) DC., both of which belong to the Umbelliferae family. "Qie-yi" is distributed in Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, and other regions; while Torilis japonica is found throughout the country. It is known for its effects in killing insects, stopping diarrhea, and relieving dampness and itching. It is commonly used for abdominal pain due to worm accumulation, dysentery, ulceration of sores, itching and abnormal discharge in the genital area, and eczema caused by rheumatism.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

杀虫止泻，收湿止痒。
Killing parasites and stopping diarrhea, drying dampness and relieving itching.

主治 Indications

用于虫积腹痛，泄痢，疮疡溃烂，阴痒带下，风湿疹。
Used for abdominal pain due to intestinal parasites, diarrhea, ulceration of sores, vaginal itching and abnormal discharge, and eczema caused by rheumatism.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，6-9g。外用：适量，捣汁涂；或煎水洗。
Internal use: Decoction, 6-9g. External use: Proper amount, apply the mashed juice topically; or decoct and use for washing.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《西藏常用中草药》：“果实：杀虫，治虫积腹痛（蛔虫病），根能解毒，治食物中毒。”
"Commonly Used Tibetan Medicinal Herbs": "The fruit: kills insects, treats abdominal pain due to worm accumulation (ascariasis), the root has detoxifying properties, treats food poisoning."

《广西本草选编》：“活血消肿，收敛杀虫。主治慢性腹泻，痈疮溃烂久不收口，阴道滴虫。”
"Compilation of Guangxi Materia Medica": "Promotes blood circulation, reduces swelling, astringent and insecticidal. Mainly used for chronic diarrhea, long-term unhealed ulcers, and vaginal trichomoniasis."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

1、治蛔虫病：窃衣果6-9g。水煎服。（《湖南药物志》）

1. Treatment of roundworm disease: 6-9g of Xieyi fruit. Decoction and take orally. (From "Hunan Materia Medica")

2、治腹痛：鲜破子草30g。水煎，去渣，调冬蜜30g服。（《福建药物志》）
2. Treatment of abdominal pain: 30g of fresh Puzicao. Decoction, remove residue, mix with 30g of winter honey and take orally. (From "Fujian Materia Medica")

3、治慢性腹泻：窃衣果实6-9g。水煎服。
3. Treatment of chronic diarrhea: 6-9g of Xieyi fruit. Decoction and take orally.

4、治痈疮溃烂久不收口，阴道滴虫：窃衣果实适量。水煎冲洗或坐浴。（3-4方出自《广西本草选编》）
4. Treatment of long-term unhealed abscesses, ulcers, and vaginal trichomoniasis: appropriate amount of Xieyi fruit. Decoction for washing or sitz bath. (The 3rd and 4th prescriptions are from "Selected Compilation of Guangxi Materia Medica")

5、治皮肤瘙痒：破子草鲜叶，捣烂绞汁涂患处。（《福建药物志》）
5. Treatment of skin itching: fresh leaves of Puzicao, mash and squeeze juice to apply to the affected area. (From "Fujian Materia Medica")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：夏末秋初采收，晒干或鲜用。
Harvest in late summer and early autumn, then dry in the sun or use fresh.

药材鉴别 Medicinal Material Identification

药材性状：小窃衣为长圆形的双悬果，多裂为分果，分果长3-4mm，宽1.5-2mm。表面棕绿色或棕黄色，顶端有微突的残留花柱，基部圆形，常残留有小果柄。背面隆起，密生钩刺，刺的长短与排列均不整齐，状似刺猬。接合面凹陷成槽状，中央有1条脉纹。体轻。搓碎时有特异香气。味微辛、苦。
The characteristics of the medicinal material: Xiaoqieyi is an elongated double achene, often splitting into separate achenes. Each achene is about 3-4mm long and 1.5-2mm wide. The surface is brownish-green or brownish-yellow, with a slightly protruding residual style at the top and a round base, often with a small fruit stalk remaining. The back is raised, densely covered with hook-like spines, which are irregular in length and arrangement, resembling a hedgehog. The concave joint surface forms a groove, with a central vein. The body is light. When crushed, it emits a unique fragrance. It has a slightly pungent and bitter taste.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：伞形科植物窃衣和小窃衣。
The plant species: Torilis japonica and Torilis scabra, plants of the Umbelliferae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

窃衣：一年生或多年生草本，高10-70cm。全株有贴生短硬毛。茎单生，有分枝，有细直纹和刺毛。叶卵形，一至二回羽状分裂，小叶片披针状卵形，羽状深裂，末回裂片披针形至长圆形，长2-10mm，宽2-5mm，边缘有条裂状粗齿至缺刻或分裂。复伞形花序顶生和腋生，花序梗长2-2-8cm；总苞片通常无，很少1，钻形或线形；伞辐2-4，长1-5cm，粗壮，有纵棱及向上紧贴的硬毛；小总苞片5-8，钻形或线形；小伞形花序有花4-12；萼齿细小，三角状披针形，花瓣白色，倒圆卵形，先端内折；花柱基圆锥状，花柱向外反曲。果实长圆形，长4-7mm，宽2-3mm，有内弯或呈钩状的皮刺，粗糙，每棱槽下方有油管1。花、果期4-10月。
Herba Lysimachiae: An annual or perennial herb, 10-70cm tall. The entire plant is covered with short stiff hairs. The stem is solitary, branched, with fine straight lines and prickles. The leaves are ovate, once or twice pinnately divided, with leaflets lanceolate-ovate, deeply pinnately lobed, terminal lobes lanceolate to elliptic, 2-10mm long, 2-5mm wide, with serrate margins to lobed or divided. The compound umbel inflorescence is terminal and axillary, with a peduncle 2-8cm long; the general bracts are usually absent, rarely 1, lanceolate or linear; rays 2-4, 1-5cm long, stout, with longitudinal ridges and stiff hairs tightly appressed upwards; small bracts 5-8, lanceolate or linear; umbels with 4-12 flowers; sepals small, triangular-lanceolate, petals white, inverted ovate, with an inwardly folded apex; styles conical at the base, curved outward. The fruit is elliptic, 4-7mm long, 2-3mm wide, with inwardly curved or hooked prickles, rough, with one oil duct below each rib. Flowering and fruiting period from April to October.

小窃衣：又名破子草、小叶芹、大叶山胡萝卜、假芹菜、鹤虱、细虱妈头。本种与窃衣的植物形态基本相似，区别点在于：总苞片3-6，伞辐4-12，果实圆卵形，长1.5-4mm，宽1.5-2.5mm。花、果期4-10月。
Herba Lysimachiae Minor: Also known as Puzicao, Xiaoye Qin, Daye Shanhuluobo, Jiaqincai, Heshi, Xishi Matou. The plant morphology of this species is basically similar to Herba Lysimachiae, with the main differences being: 3-6 general bracts, 4-12 rays, fruit round-ovate, 1.5-4mm long, 1.5-2.5mm wide. Flowering and fruiting period from April to October.

分布区域 Distribution Area

窃衣：分布于陕西、甘肃、江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、湖北、湖南、广东、广西、四川、贵州等地。小窃衣：分布几遍全国。
Herba Lysimachiae: distributed in Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, and other regions. Herba Lysimachiae Minoris: distributed throughout the country.

生长环境 Growing Environment

窃衣：生于山坡、林下、河边、芒地及草丛中。小窃衣：生于海拔150-3060m的杂木林下、林缘、路旁、沟边及溪边草丛中。
Herba Lysimachiae: Grows on mountain slopes, under forests, by rivers, in fields of foxtail millet, and among grass. Herba Lysimachiae Minoris: Grows in mixed forests at elevations of 150-3060 meters, at the edge of forests, along roadsides, by ditches, and among grass by streams.