细竹蒿草，中药名。为鸭跖草科植物细竹蒿草Murdanniasimplex(Vahl)Brenan的全草。分布于华南及西南等地。具有清热，凉血，解毒之功效。用于小儿惊风，肺热咳嗽，吐血，目赤肿痛，痈肿疮毒。
Xi-zhu-hao-cao, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. Murdannia simplex (Vahl) Brenan), also known as fine-stemmed purple herb, is the whole plant of Murdannia simplex (Vahl) Brenan, a plant of the family Commelinaceae. It is distributed in South China and Southwest China. It has the functions of clearing heat, cooling blood, and detoxification. It is used for infantile convulsions, lung heat cough, hemoptysis, red and swollen eyes, and carbuncle swelling and toxic sores.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

清热，凉血，解毒。
Clearing heat, cooling blood, and detoxifying.

主治 Indications

用于小儿惊风，肺热咳嗽，吐血，目赤肿痛，痈肿疮毒。
Used for infantile convulsions, lung heat cough, hemoptysis, red and swollen eyes with pain, and carbuncles and sores.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，9-15g。
Internal administration: Decoction, 9-15g.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《广西药植名录》：“凉血，止血，治热症，小儿惊风。”
"Guangxi Medicinal Plant Names": "Cooling blood, stopping bleeding, treating heat syndromes, infantile convulsions."

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：夏、秋季采收，洗净，晒干。
Harvest in summer and autumn, wash and dry in the sun.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：鸭跖草科植物细竹蒿草。
The plant belongs to the Commelinaceae family and is called Xizhuhaocao in Chinese.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

多年生草本，全体近无毛。根须状，多条等粗，粗壮，直径2-3mm，密被长绒毛。主茎不育，短缩，有丛生而长的叶，可育茎由主茎基部发出，单支或2-4支，通常直立，有时上升，高达50cm。叶在主茎上的丛生，禾叶状，长15-35cm，宽0.6-1.5cm；在可育茎上的叶常仅2-3枚，有时多枚，下部的较长，长可达12cm，上部的较短，有时长仅1cm。蝎尾状聚伞花序数个，组成顶生狭圆锥花序，整个花序长约5cm；聚伞花序短，长至2cm；总苞片膜质，早落，卵形或卵状披针形，长不过1cm；花序梗很短，长至1cm。花在花蕾时下垂，花后上升；苞片早落，约与萼片等长；花梗在果期长约5mm，伸直；萼片浅舟状，长约4mm；花瓣紫色；能育雄蕊2枚，退化雄蕊3枚，花丝被长须毛。蒴果卵圆状三棱形，长4-5mm。种子褐黑色，具多数白色瘤点，瘤点成以胚盖为中心的辐射状排列。花期4-9月。
Perennial herb, nearly glabrous throughout. The roots are fibrous, several of equal thickness, stout, 2-3mm in diameter, densely covered with long hairs. The main stem is sterile and shortened, bearing clustered long leaves; fertile stems arise from the base of the main stem, single or 2-4 in number, usually erect, sometimes ascending, up to 50cm tall. Leaves on the main stem are clustered, grass-like, 15-35cm long, 0.6-1.5cm wide; those on fertile stems are usually 2-3, occasionally more, lower ones longer (up to 12cm), upper ones shorter (sometimes only 1cm). Several scorpioid cymes form a terminal narrow conical inflorescence about 5cm long; cymes are short, up to 2cm; bracts are membranous, early deciduous, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, not exceeding 1cm; peduncle very short, up to 1cm. Flowers are drooping in bud, becoming ascending after anthesis; bracts fall early, approximately as long as the sepals; pedicel elongates to about 5mm in fruit, becoming erect; sepals shallowly boat-shaped, about 4mm long; petals purple; two fertile stamens, three vestigial stamens, filaments hairy. Capsule ovoid-trigonous, 4-5mm long. Seeds dark brown, with numerous white wart-like tubercles arranged radially around the hilum. Flowering period from April to September.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于华南及西南等地。
Distributed in southern and southwestern China, among other regions.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔500-2000m的疏林草地及林下。
Born in sparse forests, grasslands, and under forest canopies at an altitude of 500-2000 meters.