昆明山海棠，中药名。为卫矛科雷公藤属植物昆明山海棠Tripterygium hypoglaucum（Levl.）Hutch.的根或全株。具有祛风湿，祛瘀通络，续筋接骨的功效。主治风湿痹证，跌打损伤，骨折，产后出血过多，癌肿，顽癣等。
Kunming Shanhai-tang i, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. the root or whole plant of Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Levl.) Hutch., a plant of the Celastraceae family. It has the effects of dispelling wind and dampness, promoting blood circulation, and mending tendons and bones. It is mainly used to treat rheumatism, injuries from falls or blows, fractures, excessive postpartum bleeding, cancerous growths, and stubborn eczema.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy and Functions

祛风湿，祛瘀通络，续筋接骨。主治
Dispelling wind and dampness, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, and strengthening tendons and bones. Used for treating...

1、主要用于风湿痹证，跌打损伤，以及产后出血过多、顽癣等。2、西医诊为风湿、类风湿性关节炎属风寒湿邪闭阻型，软组织损伤属瘀血阻滯者，荨麻疹、皮肤瘙痒属风湿在表者。用法用量

1. It is mainly used for rheumatism, traumatic injuries, excessive postpartum bleeding, stubborn eczema, etc. 2. In Western medicine, it is diagnosed as wind-cold-dampness obstruction type for rheumatism and rheumatoid arthritis, blood stasis obstruction for soft tissue injuries, and wind-cold on the surface for urticaria and skin itching. Dosage and administration.

内服：煎汤，6-15g，先煎；或浸酒。外用：研末敷；或煎水涂；或鲜品捣敷。不良反应
Internal use: Decoction, 6-15g, decoct first; or soak in alcohol. External use: Apply powdered form; or apply decoction topically; or apply fresh product topically. Adverse reactions.

1、部分病人服后可岀现胃部不适或胃痛、闭经，精子计数、活动度与活动率明显下降，有的可出现药疹。出现胃部症状时可加用胃舒平、香砂养胃丸等对症治疗或减量用药。2、若误服或过量可致急性中毒，主要症状有口唇、食道和肠胃等黏膜广泛散在性出血、糜烂和坏死，恶心呕吐、胃部有烧灼感、强烈腹痛、腹泻、大便中有血和黏膜的坏死组织；后期肝脏肿大、头痛头晕、四肢发麻、乏力，进而烦躁不安、精神亢进、出现幻觉重者可有阵发性强直性惊厥、脉弱而慢、心律不齐、期前收缩；中毒初期血压下降，后期有暂时性升高；呼吸急促，紫绀，肺下部有湿罗音，急性期可见肺水肿；严重者往往因混合型循环衰竭、呼吸突然停止而死亡。还可有尿闭、血红蛋白尿、体温升高、毛发脱落等。3、中毒早期催吐洗胃；输液排毒；使用氟美松等肾上腺皮质激素，同时肌注654-2；用低分子右旋糖酐、甘露醇、速尿扩容利尿；纠正酸中毒；以毒毛旋花苷纠正心衰；有出血倾向则用抗血纤溶芳酸、VitK3，胃肠道出血，服云南白药或静滴甲氰咪胍等。并可用甘草绿豆汤（甘草15g、绿豆30g、茶叶30g、红糖15g）、清凉解毒饮（冰片3g，硼砂6g、甘草15g、绿豆30g）、疏风解毒饮（荆芥6g、防风9g、桔梗6g、连翘6g、羌活6g、藁本6g、甘草3g、薄荷6g）、杞木解毒饮（杞木树皮9g、红糖9g、茶叶6g），煎服以解毒。注意事项

1. Some patients may experience stomach discomfort or pain, amenorrhea, a significant decrease in sperm count, motility, and viability, and some may develop drug rashes after taking the medication. When stomach symptoms occur, symptomatic treatment with medications such as Gastric Comfort Tablets or Xiangsha Yangwei Pills may be added or the dosage may be reduced.2. Accidental ingestion or overdose can lead to acute poisoning, with main symptoms including widespread bleeding, erosion, and necrosis of the mucous membranes in the lips, esophagus, and gastrointestinal tract, nausea, vomiting, burning sensation in the stomach, severe abdominal pain, diarrhea, blood and necrotic tissue in the stool; later symptoms may include hepatomegaly, headache, dizziness, numbness in the limbs, weakness, restlessness, agitation, hallucinations, and in severe cases, there may be paroxysmal tonic seizures, weak and slow pulse, arrhythmia, premature contractions; in the early stages of poisoning, blood pressure drops, temporarily rises in the later stages; rapid breathing, cyanosis, crackles in the lower lungs, pulmonary edema in the acute phase; severe cases often result in death due to mixed circulatory failure and sudden respiratory arrest. Other symptoms may include oliguria, hemoglobinuria, fever, and hair loss.3. In the early stages of poisoning, induce vomiting and gastric lavage; detoxify by intravenous fluid administration; use adrenal corticosteroids such as dexamethasone, along with intramuscular injection of 654-2; use low molecular weight dextran, mannitol, and furosemide for volume expansion and diuresis; correct acidosis; use digoxin to correct heart failure; if there is a tendency to bleed, use antifibrinolytic acid, VitK3, for gastrointestinal bleeding, administer Yunnan Baiyao orally or intravenously inject metformin. Additionally, herbal remedies such as Licorice Mung Bean Decoction (15g licorice, 30g mung beans, 30g tea leaves, 15g brown sugar), Cooling and Detoxifying Drink (3g borneol, 6g borax, 15g licorice, 30g mung beans), Wind-Dispelling and Detoxifying Drink (6g Schizonepeta, 9g Saposhnikovia, 6g Platycodon, 6g Forsythia, 6g Notopterygium, 6g Ledebouriella, 3g licorice, 6g peppermint), and Lycium Bark Detoxifying Drink (9g Lycium bark, 9g brown sugar, 6g tea leaves) can be used for decoction to detoxify. Pay attention to precautions.

孕妇及体弱者忌服。化学成分
Pregnant women and those who are physically weak should avoid taking it. Chemical composition.

主含二萜类及生物碱类物质，如雷公藤碱、卫矛碱、雷公藤甲素、雷公藤丙素、山海棠素、山海棠内酯、齐墩果酸乙酸酯等。药理作用
It mainly contains diterpenes and alkaloids, such as Triptolide, Celastrol, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, Tripterygium

1、对免疫系统的影响：昆明山海棠可直接通过刺激自然杀伤细胞毒因子（NK CF）释放，促进健康人及SLE患者外周血单核细胞的NK细胞活性。2、对生殖系统的影响：有抗生育作用。3、此外，昆明山海棠还有明显的抗炎、抗癌作用。毒理作用

1. Impact on the immune system: Kunming Rhododendron can directly stimulate the release of natural killer cell cytotoxic factor (NK CF), promoting the NK cell activity of peripheral blood monocytes in healthy individuals and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).2. Impact on the reproductive system: It has anti-fertility effects.3. In addition, Kunming Rhododendron also has significant anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects. Toxic effects.

1、本品根去皮后的根心水煎剂灌胃对小鼠的LD50为64-68g/kg，根皮水煎剂为40.9g/kg，根心水煎醇沉薄膜蒸发的片剂为94.8g/kg，70%乙醇提取物对小鼠为7.0-14.9g/kg，而大鼠则在40g/kg以上。另有报告昆明山海棠提取物4批药物给小鼠灌服的LD50分别为3976±392mg/kg、6612±889mg/kg、4808±976mg/kg（半成品）及6213±892mg/kg（成品）。蓄积毒性试验结果，大鼠灌服蓄积总剂量已达51288mg/kg，仍未发生死亡现象，显小本品无蓄积性。2、亚急性毒性试验表明，昆明山海棠去根皮的根心水煎醇沉片每日40g/kg给大鼠灌服30d，未见明显毒性反应，但70%乙醇浸膏片每日灌服20g/kg，连续5d即可引起肝肾功能损害。本品提取物1325mg/kg给大鼠灌服，每日1次，共12d，停药后观察16d，实验结果，血象、心电、肝肾功能及病程镜检均未发现异常改变。3、特殊毒性实验：微核实验证实昆明山海棠提取物给小鼠灌服，对体细胞-嗜多染幼红细胞染色体无明显的损伤作用；显性致死性突变实验结果表明，本品提取物灌胃无明显的引起小鼠生殖细胞染色体损伤的作用；生殖毒性实验一致畸实验（并繁殖实验）证实本品提取物灌服对母鼠体重、胎盘无影响，对仔鼠外观、内脏及骨骼均无致畸作用。繁殖实验观察到下两代仔鼠均正常。相关论述

1. The LD50 of the decoction of the peeled roots of this product administered by gastric lavage to mice is 64-68g/kg, while the decoction of the root bark is 40.9g/kg, the tablet obtained from the alcohol precipitation of the decoction of the root core is 94.8g/kg, and the 70% ethanol extract is 7.0-14.9g/kg for mice and above 40g/kg for rats. Additionally, there are reports that the LD50 of Kunming Rhododendron extracts administered to mice orally were 3976±392mg/kg, 6612±889mg/kg, 4808±976mg/kg (semi-finished product), and 6213±892mg/kg (finished product). In the cumulative toxicity test, rats were given a total accumulated dose of 51288mg/kg orally without any deaths, indicating that this product does not exhibit cumulative toxicity.2. Subacute toxicity tests showed that the tablet obtained from the alcohol precipitation of the decoction of the peeled roots of Kunming Rhododendron administered orally to rats at 40g/kg daily for 30 days did not show any significant toxic reactions. However, the 70% ethanol extract tablet administered orally at 20g/kg daily for 5 consecutive days caused liver and kidney damage. When the extract of this product was administered to rats at 1325mg/kg once daily for 12 days, followed by a 16-day observation period after cessation of treatment, no abnormal changes were observed in blood counts, electrocardiograms, liver and kidney functions, or histopathological examinations.3. Special toxicity experiments showed that the micronucleus test confirmed that the Kunming Rhododendron extract administered orally to mice did not cause significant damage to the chromosomes of bone marrow cells. The results of the dominant lethal mutation test indicated that oral administration of the extract did not cause significant damage to the reproductive cell chromosomes of mice. The reproductive toxicity test (including reproduction experiments) confirmed that oral administration of the extract had no effect on the body weight or placenta of mother mice, and did not induce malformations in the appearance, internal organs, or skeletons of the offspring. The breeding experiments showed that the subsequent generations of offspring were all normal.

1、《全国中草药汇编》：祛风除湿，活血散瘀，续筋接骨。主治风湿性关节炎，跌打损伤，半身不遂，腰肌劳损，外用治骨折，外伤出血。2、《中国民族药志》：治急性传染性肝炎，骨结核，睾丸及副睾结核，无名肿毒，神经性皮炎，银屑病，黄痧病（钩虫病），红斑狼疮，慢性肾炎蛋白尿，疟疾。3、《滇南本草》：治筋骨疼痛，风湿寒痹，麻木不仁，瘫痪痿软，湿气流痰。临床应用 临床应用

1. "Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicines Nationwide": Expel wind and dampness, activate blood circulation and disperse stasis, strengthen tendons and connect bones. It is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, bruises, hemiplegia, lumbar muscle strain, and can be applied externally for fractures and bleeding from external injuries. 2. "Chinese Ethnic Medicine Records": Used to treat acute infectious hepatitis, bone tuberculosis, testicular and epididymal tuberculosis, unknown swelling and toxicity, neurodermatitis, psoriasis, schistosomiasis, lupus erythematosus, chronic nephritis with proteinuria, and malaria. 3. "Yunnan Materia Medica": Treats pain in tendons and bones, rheumatic cold bi syndrome, numbness and paralysis, soft paralysis, and phlegm caused by dampness. Clinical application.

1、治风寒湿痹日久关节肿痛麻痹，单用酒浸、煎服或与鸡血藤等配伍。2、治筋骨疼痛，瘫痪痿软，《滇南本草》与当归、川牛膝、羌活、木瓜配伍酒浸。3、治跌打损伤，骨折肿痛，可单用外敷，亦可与天南星、半夏、川芎等配伍，如紫金皮散（《证冶准绳》）；或与芙蓉叶、生地黄同用，如紫金膏（《证治准绳》）。相关配伍

1. To treat joint swelling, pain, and numbness caused by chronic wind-cold-damp bi syndrome, one can use wine-soaked herbs, decoctions, or combine with other herbs such as chicken blood vine.2. For muscle and bone pain, paralysis, and weakness, "Dian Nan Ben Cao" recommends combining Angelica sinensis, Achyranthes bidentata, Notopterygium, and papaya soaked in wine.3. For bruises, injuries, and painful fractures, external application alone can be used, or combined with herbs like Arisaema, Pinellia, and Ligusticum. For example, the Zi Jin Pi San (from "Zheng Ye Zhun Sheng") formula, or combined with Hibiscus leaf and Rehmannia, as in the Zi Jin Gao (from "Zheng Zhi Zhun Sheng").

昆明山海棠配鸡血藤：昆明山海棠辛散苦燥温通，能行十二经络，善祛风湿，通经络而止痛，为治风寒湿痹日久，关节肿痛麻痹之良药；鸡血藤既能行血，又能补血，守走兼备，并有舒筋活络之功。二者配伍，补泻兼施，风湿除而络脉通，适用于筋骨疼痛，瘫痪痿软等。加工炮制 采收加工
Kunming Shanhaitang (Mountain Camellia) with Jixueteng (Chicken Blood Vine): Kunming Shanhaitang is pungent, disperses, bitter, dry, warm, and can activate the twelve meridians. It is good at dispelling wind and dampness, promoting blood circulation in the meridians to alleviate pain. It is a good medicine for long-term treatment of wind-cold-damp arthralgia, joint swelling, pain, and numbness. Jixueteng can promote blood circulation and nourish blood, with the functions of both promoting and nourishing blood, as well as relaxing tendons and activating collaterals. When these two are combined, they nourish and purge simultaneously, dispelling wind and dampness while promoting meridian circulation. This combination is suitable for conditions such as painful joints and paralysis. Processing and preparation methods are required during harvesting and processing.

全株全年可采，根秋季采挖，洗净，切片，晒干。生用。炮制方法
The whole plant can be harvested all year round, with roots being dug up in autumn, washed, sliced, and dried in the sun. It is used in its raw form. Processing method: [method not provided].

洗净，切片，晒干。保存方法
Clean, slice, and sun-dry. Method of preservation.

置干燥处。药材鉴别 药材性状
Store in a dry place. Identification of medicinal materials. Characteristics of medicinal materials.

根圆柱形，有分枝，略弯曲，粗细不等，直径0.4-3（-5）cm。栓皮橙黄色至棕褐色，有细纵纹及横裂隙，易剥落。质坚韧不易折断。断面皮部棕灰色或淡棕黄色，木部淡棕色或淡黄白色。气微，味涩、苦。饮片性状
Cylindrical in shape, with branching, slightly curved, varying in thickness, with a diameter of 0.4-3 (-5) cm. The bark is orange-yellow to brown, with fine longitudinal lines and transverse cracks, easy to peel off. It is tough and not easily broken. The bark is brownish-gray or light brown-yellow, while the wood is light brown or light yellow-white. It has a slight odor, with a bitter and astringent taste. These are the characteristics of the medicinal herb slices.

参见药材性状。植物学信息 植物种属
Refer to the characteristics of medicinal materials. Botanical information on plant species.

卫矛科雷公藤属植物昆明山海棠。形态特征
The Kunming Rhododendron, a plant belonging to the Thymelaeaceae family, is characterized by its distinctive morphological features.

落叶蔓生或攀援状灌木，植株高2-3m。根圆柱状，红褐色。小枝有棱，红褐色，有圆形疣状突起，疏被短柔毛或近无毛。单叶可生；叶柄长约1cm；叶片卵形或宽椭圆形，长6-12cm，宽3-6cm，先端渐尖，边缘有细锯齿，基部近圆形或宽锲形，上面绿色，下面粉白色。圆锥花序顶生，总花梗长10-15cm；花小，白色，花萼5；花瓣5；雄蕊5，着生于花盘的边缘；子房上位，三棱形。翅果赤红色，具膜质的3翅。花期夏季。分布区域
Deciduous, climbing or creeping shrub, with a plant height of 2-3m. The roots are cylindrical and reddish-brown. The twigs are angular, reddish-brown, with round wart-like protrusions, sparsely covered with short soft hairs or nearly hairless. Single leaves can grow; leaf stalks are about 1cm long; leaf blades are ovate or broadly elliptic, 6-12cm long, 3-6cm wide, gradually pointed at the tip, with fine serrations on the edges, nearly circular or broadly cuneate at the base, green on the upper side, and powdery white on the underside. Cone-shaped inflorescences are terminal, with a total flower stalk length of 10-15cm; flowers are small, white, with 5 sepals, 5 petals, 5 stamens attached to the edge of the floral disc; ovary superior, triangular. Winged fruits are reddish, with membranous 3 wings. The flowering period is in summer. Distribution area.

分布于浙江、江西、湖南、四川、贵州、云南等地。道地产区
Distributed in Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and other regions. Authentic production area.

产于云南、四川、贵州、广西、湖南、浙江、江西等地。生长环境
Originating from Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Hunan, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, and other regions. Growing environment.

生于山野向阳的灌木丛中或疏林下。
Born in the bushes on the sunny side of the mountain or under sparse forests.