泡囊草根，中药名。为茄科植物泡囊草(Physochlainaphysaloides(L.)G.Don)的根。秋季地上部分枯萎时挖根，去净泥土，晒干。生于山坡、山沟、草地。分布于我国黑龙江、内蒙古、河北、新疆等地。味甘、微苦，性温，有毒。具有温中祛痰定喘的功效。主治虚寒泄泻、咳喘多痰等病证。
Pao-nang-cao-gen, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. the root of Physochlainaphysaloides (L.) G.Don, a member of the Solanaceae family. The roots are dug in autumn when the aboveground parts wither, cleaned of soil, and dried in the sun. It grows on mountain slopes, valleys, and grasslands, and is distributed in Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Xinjiang, and other regions of China. It has a sweet and slightly bitter taste, warm nature, and is toxic. It is effective in warming the middle energizer, dispelling phlegm, and relieving asthma. It is used to treat conditions such as cold and diarrhea, coughing, asthma with excessive phlegm, and other related symptoms.

功效作用 功能
The efficacy and functions.

温中祛痰定喘。主治
Warming the middle and resolving phlegm to relieve wheezing.主治

虚寒泄泻，咳喘多痰等病证。用法用量
The symptoms of deficiency-cold and diarrhea, coughing, wheezing, and excessive phlegm. Dosage and administration.

内服：煎汤，0.3-0.6g；或入散剂。临床应用 相关配伍
Internal administration: decoction, 0.3-0.6g; or as a powder. Clinical application and relevant compatibility.

治急性胃肠炎：泡囊草(根)3g，青木香，石榴，荜拨3g。共研细末，每次开水送服，日服2次。加工炮制 采收加工
Treatment for acute gastroenteritis: 3g of Radix Sophorae Flavescentis (root), along with 3g each of Herba Agastachis, Pomegranate peel, and Fructus Kochiae. Grind them into a fine powder, and take with boiling water twice a day. The herbs need to be processed and prepared before use.

秋季地上部分枯萎时挖根，去净泥土，晒干。药材鉴别 鉴别
In autumn, when the above-ground parts wither, dig up the roots, remove the soil, and dry them in the sun. Identify the medicinal herbs. Identify.

药材性状：性状鉴别根略呈圆柱形，长10-14cm，直径2-3.5cm。根头先端有2-3个茎基痕及点状突起，主根下部常有2-3个分枝，表面棕褐色或浅棕色，有明显的横向突起的皮孔。质轻，断面木部占大部分，可见4-5层同心环纹，且有多数放射状裂隙。气微，味微苦。气微，味微苦。~显微鉴别根横切面：木栓层为10数列木栓细胞，栓内层和韧皮部均较窄，韧皮射线宽。形成层环状，木质部占大部分，导管多单列，其间有略等距的导管群排成4-5层同心环状，导管内侧可见木间韧皮部；木射线常有裂隙。支根中导管较少。本品薄壁细胞含草酸钙砂晶。植物学信息 植物种属
Medicinal material characteristics: The roots are roughly cylindrical, 10-14cm long and 2-3.5cm in diameter. The apex of the root has 2-3 stem scars and dot-like protrusions, and the main root often has 2-3 branches at the lower part. The surface is brown or light brown with obvious transverse raised lenticels. The texture is light, with the wood part dominating the cross-section, showing 4-5 layers of concentric rings and numerous radial clefts. It has a slight odor and a slightly bitter taste. Microscopic identification of the root cross-section: The cork layer consists of about 10 rows of cork cells, with narrow cork cambium and phloem, and wide rays. The cambium forms a ring, with the wood part dominating, and the vessels are mostly arranged in a single row, forming 4-5 layers of concentric rings with slightly equidistant vessel groups, and the inner side of the vessels shows interfascicular phloem; the wood rays often have clefts. There are fewer vessels in the lateral roots. This product's thin-walled cells contain calcium oxalate sand crystals. Botanical information: Plant species.

茄科植物泡囊草。形态特征
Solanum nigrum, a member of the Solanaceae family. Morphological characteristics

多年生草本，高30-50cm。根茎肉质肥大。茎直立，自基部丛生，被毛。叶互生；叶柄长2-6cm，被长柔毛，茎下部叶鳞片状，中部及上部叶卵形、阔卵形或三角状阔卵形，先端渐尖，基部通常阔楔形，而沿叶柄下延，全缘或微波状。伞房花序顶生，有鳞片状苞片；花萼钟形，裂片5，短，紫色；花冠钟形，筒长1-2cm，5裂，裂片长圆形，长约1cm；雄蕊5，着生于花冠管中部；雌蕊花柱丝状。蒴果中部以上环裂，包藏在膨大的宿存萼内。种子多数，扁肾状。花期4-5月，果期6-7月。分布区域
Perennial herb, 30-50cm tall. The rhizome is fleshy and enlarged. The stem is erect, clustered from the base, and hairy. Leaves are opposite; petioles are 2-6cm long, covered with long soft hairs. The lower leaves of the stem are scale-like, while the middle and upper leaves are ovate, broadly ovate, or triangular-ovate, gradually pointed at the apex, usually broadly cuneate at the base, extending along the petiole, with entire or slightly wavy margins. The umbel inflorescence is terminal, with scale-like bracts; the calyx is bell-shaped, with 5 short, purple lobes; the corolla is bell-shaped, with a tube 1-2cm long, 5 lobes, and oblong lobes about 1cm long; there are 5 stamens attached to the middle of the corolla tube; the pistil is filiform. The capsule splits in a ring above the middle, enclosed in the enlarged persistent calyx. Numerous seeds are flat and kidney-shaped. The flowering period is from April to May, and the fruiting period is from June to July. Distribution area.

分布于我国黑龙江、内蒙古、河北、新疆等地。生长环境
Distributed in Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Xinjiang and other regions of China. Growing environment.

生于山坡、山沟、草地。
Born on the hillside, in the mountain valley, and on the grassland.