牡蒿根，中药名。为菊科蒿属植物牡蒿ArtemisiajaponicaThunb.的根。植物牡蒿，广布于我国南北各地。具有祛风，补虚，杀虫截疟之功效。主治产后伤风感冒，风湿痹痛，劳伤乏力，虚肿，疟疾。
Mu-hao-gen, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. The root of Artemisia japonica Thunb., a plant of the Asteraceae family. The plant is widely distributed in various parts of China. It has the functions of dispelling wind, nourishing deficiency, and killing insects to treat malaria. It is mainly used to treat postpartum wind-cold, rheumatic pain, fatigue, deficiency edema, and malaria.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

祛风，补虚，杀虫截疟。
Dispelling wind, nourishing deficiency, killing parasites, and treating malaria.

主治 Indications

产后伤风感冒，风湿痹痛，劳伤乏力，虚肿，疟疾。
Postpartum cold and flu, rheumatic pain, fatigue from overwork, edema, and malaria.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，15-30g。
Internal administration: Decoction, 15-30g.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《浙江民间常用草药》：“治风湿痹痛，头痛。”
"Commonly used folk herbs in Zhejiang": "Used to treat rheumatic pain, headache."

《经验方集》：“祛风湿。”
"Experience Formula Collection": "Dispels wind and dampness."

临床应用 Clinical Application

1、治产后伤风发热，齐头蒿根15g，鸡蛋1个。共煮，服汤吃蛋。(《万县中草药》）

1. Treating postpartum wind-cold with fever: 15g of Artemisia apiacea root and 1 egg. Boil together, consume the soup and eat the egg. (From "Herbal Medicine in Wan County")

2、治风湿痹痛，头痛，牡蒿根30g。水煎服。(《浙江民间常用草药》)
2. Treating rheumatic pain, headache, and wind-cold with 30g of Artemisia apiacea root. Decoct in water and consume. (From "Common Folk Herbal Medicine in Zhejiang")

3、治劳倦乏力，牡蒿根30-60g，蚕豆酌量。水、酒各半煎服。（《福建药物志》）
3. Treating fatigue and weakness with 30-60g of Artemisia apiacea root and a suitable amount of broad beans. Decoct in a mixture of water and alcohol, and consume. (From "Pharmacopoeia of Fujian")

4、治寒湿浮肿，牡蒿根30-60g。用水1碗煎至半碗，冲黄酒60g饮服。(《浙江民间常用草药》)
4. Treating cold and dampness-induced edema with 30-60g of Artemisia apiacea root. Decoct in a bowl of water until half remains, then mix with 60g of yellow wine and drink. (From "Common Folk Herbal Medicine in Zhejiang")

5、治疟疾寒热，齐头蒿根、滴滴金根各一把。擂生酒一钟，未发前服，以滓敷寸口，男左女右。(《海上名方》）
5. Treating malaria with alternating chills and fever using a handful each of Artemisia apiacea root and Hedyotis diffusa root. Grind and mix with a cup of raw liquor, consume before onset, and apply the residue to the wrist pulse area—left for men, right for women. (From "Famous Formulas from Overseas")

6、治丝虫病淋巴管炎，牡蒿根60g。洗净切碎，和小雉鸡1只，宰净去肚杂，加工食用。
6. Treating filariasis lymphangitis with 60g of Artemisia apiacea root. Wash, chop, and mix with one young pheasant, clean and remove the innards, then process for consumption.

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：秋季采挖，除去泥土，洗净，晒干。
Harvesting and processing: Harvest in autumn, remove soil, wash clean, and dry in the sun.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：菊科蒿属植物牡蒿。
Species: Artemisia verlotiorum, a plant of the Asteraceae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

牡蒿，别名蔚（《诗经》）。多年生草本，高50-150cm。根状茎粗壮，常有若干条营养枝。茎直立，常丛生，上部有开展和直立的分枝，被微柔毛或近无毛。下部叶倒卵形或宽匙形，花期萎谢，长3-8cm，宽1-2.5cm，下部渐狭，有条形假托叶，上部有齿或浅裂；中部叶匙形，长2.5-4.5cm，宽0.5-2cm，上端有3-5枚浅裂片或深裂片，每裂片上端有2-3枚小锯齿或无，近无毛或被微柔毛；上部叶近条形，三裂或不裂；苞片叶长椭圆形、披针形，先端不裂或偶有浅裂。头状花序多数，卵球形或近球形，于分枝端排成复总状，有短梗及条形苞叶；总苞球形或长圆形，直径1-2mm，无毛；总苞片3-4层，背面多少叶质，边缘宽膜质；雌花3-8朵，能孕；内层为两性花5-10朵，不孕育。瘦果小，倒卵形，无毛。花、果期7-10月。
Mugwort, also known as "Wei" (from the Book of Songs). It is a perennial herb, 50-150cm tall. The rhizome is stout, often bearing several nutritive branches. The stem is erect and often clustered, with spreading and upright branches above, sparsely pubescent or nearly glabrous. Lower leaves are obovate or broadly spatulate, withering during flowering, 3-8cm long, 1-2.5cm wide, gradually narrowing at the base, with linear false stipules, toothed or shallowly lobed at the apex; middle leaves are spatulate, 2.5-4.5cm long, 0.5-2cm wide, with 3-5 shallow or deep lobes at the tip, each lobe bearing 2-3 small serrations or none, nearly glabrous or sparsely pubescent; upper leaves nearly linear, trilobed or entire; bract leaves are oblong or lanceolate, entire or occasionally shallowly lobed at the apex. Numerous heads, ovoid or nearly spherical, arranged in compound corymbs at branch tips, with short pedicels and linear bracts; involucre globose or oblong, 1-2mm in diameter, glabrous; phyllaries in 3-4 layers, somewhat foliaceous on the back, with broad membranous margins; pistillate flowers 3-8, fertile; inner layer bisexual flowers 5-10, sterile. Achenes small, inversely ovate, glabrous. Flowering and fruiting from July to October.

分布区域 Distribution Area

广布于我国南北各地。
Widely distributed throughout northern and southern China.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于林缘、林下、旷野、山坡、丘陵、路旁及灌丛下。
Grows on forest margins, under trees, in open fields, on mountain slopes, hills, roadsides, and under shrubs.