杜松，中药名。为柏科植物杜松JuniperusrigidaS.etZ.的枝叶及球果。分布于东北、华北及陕西、甘肃、宁夏等地。具有祛风，镇痛，除湿，利尿之功效。常用于风湿关节痛，痛风，肾炎，水肿，尿路感染。
Juniper, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. rigida S.et Z., commonly known as "Du-song" in Chinese, refers to the branches, leaves, and cones of the cypress family plant Juniperus rigida. It is distributed in Northeast China, North China, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, and other regions. It is known for its effects of dispelling wind, relieving pain, eliminating dampness, and promoting diuresis. It is often used for rheumatic joint pain, gout, nephritis, edema, and urinary tract infections.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy, function.

祛风，镇痛，除湿，利尿。主治
Dispelling wind, relieving pain, eliminating dampness, promoting diuresis. Indications:

风湿关节痛，痛风，肾炎，水肿，尿路感染。用法用量
Rheumatoid arthritis, gout, nephritis, edema, urinary tract infection. Dosage and administration.

内服：煎汤，3-9g。外用：适量，捣敷。药理作用
Internal use: Decoction, 3-9g. External use: Appropriate amount, pounded for application. Pharmacological actions.

抑菌作用。相关论述
Antibacterial effect. Relevant discussion.

1、《吉林中草药》：“发汗，利尿，镇痛。治关节炎。”2、《宁夏中草药手册》：“利湿。”3、《内蒙古中草药》：“清热，发汗，利尿，祛风湿。（治）尿路感染，肾炎，布氏杆菌病，风湿性关节炎。”临床应用 相关配伍

1. "Jilin Herbal Medicine": "Inducing sweating, diuresis, analgesia. Used to treat arthritis."2. "Ningxia Herbal Medicine Handbook": "Dampness expelling."3. "Inner Mongolia Herbal Medicine": "Clearing heat, inducing sweating, diuresis, dispelling wind and dampness. Used to treat urinary tract infections, nephritis, brucellosis, and rheumatoid arthritis." Clinical applications and relevant compatibility.

治风湿关节炎：杜松枝叶、冷蒿（白蒿）、三春柳、麻黄、照山白各30g，煎汤熏洗。。（《山西中草药》）加工炮制 采收加工
Treatment for rheumatoid arthritis: 30g each of juniper branches and leaves, wormwood (Artemisia annua), willow twigs, ephedra, and white atractylodes rhizome, decocted for fumigation and washing. (From "Shanxi Chinese Herbal Medicine") Processing and preparation: Harvest and process.

秋季采球果，夏秋采枝叶，晒干备用。药材鉴别 药材性状
In autumn, collect the fruits, and in summer and autumn, collect the branches and leaves, then dry them in the sun for later use. Identification of medicinal herbs and their properties.

干燥成熟球果呈球形或椭圆形，直径7-8mm，紫褐色或蓝黑色，有光泽，表面稍带白粉。内含种子2-3枚，也有1枚或4枚者。种子卵圆形，长约6mm，褐色，先端尖，有4条不显著的棱角。气芳香特殊，味甘。植物学信息 植物种属
The dried mature cones are spherical or elliptical, with a diameter of 7-8mm, purple-brown or blue-black in color, glossy, and slightly powdery on the surface. They contain 2-3 seeds, but sometimes 1 or 4 seeds. The seeds are oval, about 6mm long, brown, with a pointed tip and four indistinct edges. They have a unique aromatic smell and a sweet taste. Botanical information about the plant species.

柏科植物杜松。形态特征
Juniperus communis, a type of cypress plant. Morphological characteristics.

杜松，又名刺柏、刚桧、软叶杜松、崩松、棒儿松。灌木或小乔木，高达10米；枝条直展，形成塔形或圆柱形的树冠，枝皮褐灰色，纵裂；小枝下垂，幼枝三棱形，无毛。叶三叶轮生，条状刺形，质厚，坚硬，长l.2-1.7厘米，宽约1毫米，上部渐窄，先端锐尖，上面凹下成深槽，槽内有1条窄白粉带，下面有明显的纵脊，横切面成内凹的“V”状三角形。雄球花椭圆状或近球状，长2-3毫米，药隔三角状宽卵形，先端尖，背面有纵脊。球果圆球形，径6-8毫米，成熟前紫褐色，熟时淡褐黑色或蓝黑色，常被白粉；种子近卵圆形，长约6毫米，顶端尖，有4条不显著的棱角。分布区域
Juniper, also known as prickly cypress, Chinese juniper, soft-leaved juniper, and stick pine. It is a shrub or small tree that can grow up to 10 meters tall. Its branches are straight and form a conical or cylindrical crown, with brown-gray bark that is longitudinally fissured. The twigs droop, with young twigs being triangular in shape and hairless. The leaves are whorled in threes, needle-like and thick, hard, measuring 1.2-1.7 cm long and about 1 mm wide, tapering towards the top with a sharp tip. The upper surface is concave with a deep groove, a narrow white powdery band inside the groove, and prominent longitudinal ridges on the underside. When cut horizontally, the cross-section forms a concave "V" shaped triangle. The male cones are elliptical or nearly spherical, 2-3 mm long, with a triangular ovate-shaped, pointed tip and longitudinal ridges on the back. The fruit is a round berry, 6-8 mm in diameter, purplish-brown before ripening, and light brown-black or blue-black when ripe, often covered with white powder. The seeds are nearly oval, about 6 mm long, with a pointed tip and four indistinct edges. Distribution area.

分布于东北、华北及陕西、甘肃、宁夏等地。生长环境
Distributed in Northeast China, North China, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, and other regions. Growing environment.

在东北地区常生长在海拔500m以下地带，在华北、西北地区生长于海拔1400-2200m地带。
It commonly grows in the regions below 500 meters above sea level in Northeast China, and in the areas of North China and Northwest China, it grows in the zones between 1400 and 2200 meters above sea level.