广玉兰，中药名。为木兰科植物荷花的干燥花蕾和树皮。味辛，性温。具有祛风散寒，行气止痛之功效。用于外感风寒，头痛鼻塞，脘腹胀痛，呕吐腹泻，高血压，偏头痛。
Guang-yu-lan, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. It refers to the dried flower buds and bark of the magnolia tree, a plant of the Magnoliaceae family. It has a pungent taste and warm nature. It is effective in dispelling wind, dispersing cold, promoting qi circulation, and relieving pain. It is used for exterior wind-cold, headache, nasal congestion, abdominal distension and pain, vomiting, diarrhea, hypertension, and migraines.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

祛风散寒，行气止痛。
Dispel wind, scatter cold, promote qi circulation, and alleviate pain.

主治 Indications

外感风寒，头痛鼻塞，脘腹胀痛，呕吐腹泻，高血压，偏头痛。
External wind-cold invasion, headache, nasal congestion, abdominal distension and pain, vomiting, diarrhea, hypertension, and migraine.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，花3-10g；树皮6-12g。外用：适量，捣敷。
Internal use: Decoction, 3-10g for flowers; 6-12g for bark. External use: Appropriate amount, pounded for application.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

其叶厚而有光泽，花大而香，树姿雄伟壮丽，为珍贵的树种之一；其聚合果成熟后，开裂露出鲜红色的种子也颇美观。最宜单植在宽广开旷的草坪上或配植成观花的树丛。由于其树冠庞大，花开于枝定，故在配置上不宜植于狭小的庭院内，否则不能充分发挥其观赏效果。花大且香，可孤植、对植或丛植、群植配置，也可作行道树。
Its leaves are thick and glossy, its flowers are large and fragrant, and its tree form is majestic and magnificent, making it one of the precious tree species. When its aggregate fruit ripens, it cracks open to reveal beautiful bright red seeds. It is best planted alone in wide open lawns or as part of a flowering tree cluster. Due to its large canopy and flowers blooming on the branches, it is not suitable for planting in small courtyards, as it would not fully display its ornamental effect. With its large and fragrant flowers, it can be planted alone, in pairs, in clusters, or in groups, and can also be used as a roadside tree.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：木兰科植物荷花。
The lotus is a plant of the Magnoliaceae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

常绿乔木，在原产地高达30米。叶厚革质，椭圆形，花白色，有芳香，花期5-6月，果期9-10月。弱阳性，喜温暖湿润气候，抗污染，不耐碱土。幼苗期颇耐阴。喜温暖、湿润气候。较耐寒，能经受短期的-19度低温。在肥沃、深厚、湿润而排水良好的酸性或中性土壤中生长良好。根系深广，颇能抗风。病虫害少。生长速度中等，实生苗生长缓慢，10年后生长逐渐加快。
Evergreen deciduous tree, reaching up to 30 meters in its native habitat. The leaves are thick and leathery, elliptical in shape. The flowers are white, fragrant, and bloom from May to June, while the fruits ripen from September to October. It prefers a warm and humid climate, is resistant to pollution, and is not tolerant of alkaline soil. It is relatively shade-tolerant during the seedling stage. It thrives in warm and humid climates, and is relatively cold-resistant, able to withstand short periods of temperatures as low as -19 degrees Celsius. It grows well in fertile, deep, moist, and well-drained acidic or neutral soil. The root system is deep and extensive, providing good wind resistance. It is relatively free from pests and diseases. It has a moderate growth rate, and seedlings grow slowly, gradually accelerating in growth after 10 years.

分布区域 Distribution Area

中国长江流域以南各大城市栽培。
Cultivated in major cities south of the Yangtze River in China.