短茎独活，中药名。为伞形科植物短茎古当归Archangelicabrevicaulis(Rupr.)Rchb.的根。分布于新疆天山山区。具有祛风除湿，止痛之功效。常用于风寒湿痹，腰膝冷痛，风火牙痛。
Duan-jing-du-huo, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. the root of Archangelica brevicaulis (Rupr.) Rchb., a plant of the Umbelliferae family, is distributed in the Tianshan mountain area of Xinjiang. It has the functions of dispelling wind and dampness, and relieving pain. It is often used for wind-cold-damp arthralgia, cold pain in the lower back and knees, and toothache due to wind-heat.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

祛风除湿，止痛。
Dispelling wind and dampness, relieving pain.

主治 Indications

风寒湿痹，腰膝冷痛，风火牙痛。
Wind-cold-damp bi syndrome, cold and painful lumbar and knee, toothache due to wind-heat.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，3-9g。外用：适量，研末调敷。
Internal use: Decoction, 3-9g. External use: Apply an appropriate amount of powdered medicine.

注意事项 Precautions

阴虚火旺者慎服。
Refrain from consuming if suffering from Yin deficiency and excessive internal heat.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《新疆中草药》：“祛风，除湿，止痛。治风湿性关节炎，风寒湿痹，腰腿冷痛，风火牙痛。”
"Xinjiang Herbal Medicine": "Dispelling wind, eliminating dampness, relieving pain. Used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, wind-cold-damp arthralgia, cold and painful lower back and legs, and toothache caused by wind-heat."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

1、治风湿性关节炎：独活、防风、艾叶、秦艽、菖蒲各9g。水煎服。（《新疆中草药》）

1. Treatment for rheumatoid arthritis: 9g each of Duhuo, Fangfeng, Aiye, Qinyao, and Cangzhu. Decoct in water and take orally. (From "Xinjiang Traditional Chinese Medicine")

2、治腰痛（腰肌劳损）：独活6g，接骨木15g，穿地龙15g，老鹤草12g。水煎服。（《新疆中草药手册》）
2. Treatment for lower back pain (muscle strain): 6g of Duhuo, 15g of Jiegumu, 15g of Chuandi Long, and 12g of Laohecao. Decoct in water and take orally. (From "Xinjiang Traditional Chinese Medicine Handbook")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：春、秋季采挖，洗净，切片晒干。
Harvest in spring and autumn, wash, slice, and sun dry.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：伞形科植物短茎古当归。
The short-stemmed Angelica sinensis is a plant of the Umbelliferae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

短茎古当归，又名水防风。多年生草本。根圆柱形，粗壮，棕褐色，有密集的环形细皱纹，并有特异的气味。茎高40-100厘米，粗2-3厘米，有时短缩，有细的纵深沟纹，中空。叶柄长9-20厘米，下部膨大成长圆形或阔囊状叶鞘，宽3-6厘米，背面沿叶脉密生短毛；叶片轮廓阔卵形，长13-17厘米，宽10-17厘米，二至三回羽状分裂；末回裂片卵圆形至长圆形，基部渐狭，无柄或有短柄，顶端尖，边缘有钝齿或不规则的锐齿，齿端有短尖头，表面疏生柔毛，背面有较密的短毛；茎顶部叶简化成囊状的鞘。复伞形花序直径6-15厘米，花序梗、伞辐、花柄均有短毛，伞辐20-40，长4-7厘米；总苞片1-2，狭披针形，有缘毛，常早落；小伞形花序有花24-25；小总苞片多数，狭披针形，比花柄长，有短毛；花白色；无萼齿；花瓣长圆形，顶端渐尖，略向内折；花柱基扁平，边缘略呈波状；花柱叉开。果实椭圆形，长6-8毫米，宽3-5毫米，背棱显著隆起，厚翅状，侧棱翅状，比果体狭，棱槽内有油管3-4，合生面油管6-7。花期7-8月，果期8-9月。
Short-stemmed Angelica, also known as Water Angelica, is a perennial herb. Its root is cylindrical, stout, brownish with dense circular fine wrinkles and a distinctive odor. The stem grows 40-100 cm tall, 2-3 cm thick, sometimes shortened, with fine longitudinal grooves and hollow inside. The petiole is 9-20 cm long, with the lower part enlarged into a round or wide sac-like sheath, 3-6 cm wide, densely hairy along the veins on the back; the blade is broadly ovate, 13-17 cm long, 10-17 cm wide, bipinnately divided two to three times; the ultimate segments are ovate to oblong, gradually narrowed at the base, sessile or shortly stalked, apex acute, margins with blunt or irregular sharp teeth, tips mucronate, sparsely pubescent above, more densely short-hairy beneath; upper stem leaves reduced to sheath-like structures. The compound umbel is 6-15 cm in diameter; peduncles, rays, and pedicels all have short hairs; 20-40 rays, 4-7 cm long; bracts 1-2, narrowly lanceolate, ciliate, often early deciduous; each umbellet has 24-25 flowers; numerous bracteoles, narrowly lanceolate, longer than pedicels, with short hairs; flowers white; no calyx teeth; petals oblong, apex acuminate, slightly inflexed; stylopodium flattened, margin slightly undulate; styles divergent. Fruit ellipsoid, 6-8 mm long, 3-5 mm wide; dorsal ridges prominently raised, thickly winged; lateral wings narrower than body; vittae 3-4 in each furrow, 6-7 on commissure. Flowering July-August, fruiting August-September.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于新疆天山山区。
Distributed in the Tianshan Mountain area of Xinjiang.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于高山森林河谷和潮湿的阴坡亚高山草甸。
Found in high mountain forest valleys and moist shady subalpine meadows.