蜂斗菜,中药名。为菊科植物蜂斗菜Petasitesjaponicus(Sieb.etZucc.)F.Schmidt的根茎及全草。具有清热解毒，散瘀消肿之功效。用于咽喉肿痛，痈肿疔毒，毒蛇咬伤，跌打损伤。
Feng-dou-cai, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. the rhizome and aerial parts of Petasites japonicus (Sieb. et Zucc.) F. Schmidt, a plant of the Asteraceae family. It has the functions of clearing heat, detoxifying, promoting blood circulation, and reducing swelling. It is used for sore throat, abscesses, boils, snake bites, and injuries from falls or blows.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

清热解毒，散瘀消肿。
Clearing heat, detoxifying, dispersing stasis, and reducing swelling.

主治 Indications

用于咽喉肿痛，痈肿疔毒，毒蛇咬伤，跌打损伤。
Used for sore throat, abscesses, boils, snake bites, and bruises.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，9-15g。外用：适量，鲜品捣敷；或水煎含漱。
Internal use: Decoction, 9-15g. External use: appropriate amount, fresh product mashed for application; or decocted in water for rinsing mouth.

药理作用 Pharmacological Actions

蜂斗菜水提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌有较弱的抗菌活性。从蜂斗菜中分离的蜂斗菜烯碱有强肝毒和致癌作用。
The water extract of Petasites japonicus has weak antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Petasitenine alkaloids isolated from Petasites japonicus have strong hepatotoxic and carcinogenic effects.

相关论述 Relevant Discussions

1、《浙江民间常用草药》：“消肿止痛，解毒祛瘀。治跌打损伤，毒蛇咬伤。”
2、《江西草药》：“治扁桃体炎，痈肿疔毒。”

1. "Commonly used folk herbs in Zhejiang": "Reduce swelling, alleviate pain, detoxify, and dispel stasis. Used for treating bruises and snake bites."
2. "Herbs in Jiangxi": "Used for treating tonsillitis, abscesses, and toxic carbuncles."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

1、治扁桃体炎：蜂斗菜15g。水煎，频频含漱。（《江西草药》）
2、治痈疽疔毒：蜂斗菜（鲜）适量。加少许白糖，捣烂外敷。（《青岛中草药手册》）

1. Treatment for tonsillitis: 15g of Petasites japonicus. Decoct in water, use for gargling frequently. (From "Jiangxi Herbal Medicine")
2. Treatment for abscesses and boils: Fresh Petasites japonicus, appropriate amount. Add a little white sugar, mash and apply externally. (From "Qingdao Herbal Medicine Manual")

附注 Note

同属植物毛裂蜂斗菜Petasites tricholobus Franch.分布于陕西、甘肃、四川、云南、西藏等地，其根茎及全草与蜂斗菜功用相同。
The plant Petasites tricholobus Franch., also known as "mao lie feng dou cai" in Chinese, is distributed in Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan, Yunnan, Tibet, and other regions. Its rhizomes and whole plant have similar functions as those of Petasites japonicus.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属菊科植物蜂斗菜。
Chrysanthemum coronarium, a plant in the Asteraceae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

蜂斗菜，多年生草本。花茎高10-20cm，中空，雌株花茎果期高达60cm，被白色茸毛或蛛丝状绵毛。根茎短粗，周围抽生横走的分枝，多少被白色茸毛或绵毛。叶基生，有长叶柄，长达23cm，初时表面有毛，叶片心形或肾形，于花后出现，长2.8-8.6cm，宽12-15cm，下面灰绿色，有蛛丝状毛，边缘有重锯齿。花雌雄异株；花茎从根部抽出，茎上互生鳞片状大苞片，有平形脉；头状花序排列成伞房状；雌花花冠细丝状，白色；总苞片2层，近等长，长椭圆形，先端钝；雄花花冠筒状或两性，5齿裂，裂齿披针形，急尖，黄白色，不育。瘦果线形，光滑无毛，冠毛白色。花、果期4-5月。
Bee balm is a perennial herb. The flower stems are 10-20cm tall, hollow, and the female plant's flower stems can reach up to 60cm during the fruiting period, covered with white woolly hairs or cobweb-like pubescence. The rhizome is short and stout, with horizontally spreading branches around it, more or less covered with white woolly hairs or pubescence. The basal leaves have long petioles, up to 23cm long, initially hairy on the surface. The leaf blades are heart-shaped or kidney-shaped, appearing after flowering, 2.8-8.6cm long, 12-15cm wide, grayish-green on the underside, with cobweb-like hairs and heavily serrated edges. The plant is dioecious; the flower stems emerge from the base, with scale-like large bracts arranged alternately on the stem, with flat veins; the head-like inflorescences are arranged in umbel-like clusters; female flowers have slender white corollas; the involucre consists of two nearly equal-length layers of elongated oval bracts with blunt tips; male flowers have tubular or hermaphroditic corollas, 5-lobed, with lanceolate lobes, sharply pointed, yellowish-white, and sterile. The achene is linear, smooth and hairless, with white pappus. The flowering and fruiting period is from April to May.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布华东及陕西、湖北、四川等地。
Distributed in East China, Shaanxi, Hubei, Sichuan and other regions.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔1000米左右的向阳山坡林下，溪谷旁潮湿草丛中。
Located under the forest on the sunny slope at an altitude of about 1000 meters, next to the stream in the damp grass.