枫香树叶，中药名。为金缕梅科植物枫香树LiquidambarformosanaHance的叶。具有行气止痛，解毒，止血之功效。用于胃脘疼痛，伤暑腹痛，痢疾，泄泻，痈肿疮疡，湿疹，吐血，咳血，创伤出血。
Maple leaves (Fen, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. xiang-shu-ye). The leaves of Liquidambar formosana Hance, a plant in the family Altingiaceae. It has the functions of promoting qi circulation, relieving pain, detoxification, and stopping bleeding. It is used for epigastric pain, abdominal pain due to summer-heat, dysentery, diarrhea, carbuncles and sores, eczema, hematemesis, hemoptysis, and traumatic bleeding.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

行气止痛，解毒，止血。
Promoting qi circulation to relieve pain, detoxifying, and stopping bleeding.

主治 Indications

用于胃脘疼痛，伤暑腹痛，痢疾，泄泻，痈肿疮疡，湿疹，吐血，咳血，创伤出血。
Stomach pain, abdominal pain due to summer-heat, dysentery, diarrhea, carbuncles and sores, eczema, vomiting blood, coughing up blood, bleeding from wounds.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，15-30g；或鲜品捣汁。外用：适量，捣烂敷。
Internal use: Decoction, 15-30g; or fresh product pounded for juice. External use: Apply an appropriate amount after pounding.

药理作用 Pharmacological Actions

止血作用。
Hemostatic effect.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《纲目》：“治痈疽已成，擂酒饮，以滓贴之。”
"Compendium of Materia Medica": "For treating abscesses that have already formed, pound with wine and drink, then apply the residue as a poultice."

《浙江药用植物志》：“祛风除湿，行气止痛。治痢疾，肠炎，消化不良，胃痛。”
"Flora of Medicinal Plants in Zhejiang": "Dispelling wind and dampness, promoting qi circulation, and relieving pain. Used for treating dysentery, enteritis, indigestion, and stomach pain."

临床应用 Clinical Application

治疗出血症。
Used for the treatment of bleeding disorders.

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：春、夏季采摘，洗净，鲜用或晒干。
Harvest in spring or summer, wash and clean, use fresh or dry in the shade.

药材鉴别 Medicinal Material Identification

药材性状：叶多破碎，完整叶片阔卵形，常状3裂，长5-12cm，宽7-17cm；中央裂片较长且先端尾状渐尖，基部心形，边缘有细锯齿；上面灰绿色，下面浅棕色，常状脉3-5条，在叶下面明显突起；叶柄长7-11cm，基部鞘状。质脆，易破碎，揉之有清香气，味辛、微苦涩。
The medicinal material characteristics: Leaves are mostly broken; intact blades are broadly ovate, often 3-lobed, 5-12cm long and 7-17cm wide; the central lobe is longer with a gradually tapering tip, heart-shaped base, and finely serrated edges; upper surface is grayish-green, lower surface light brown, with 3-5 prominent veins clearly raised on the underside; petiole is 7-11cm long, sheath-like at the base. The texture is brittle, easily broken, emits a fragrant aroma when rubbed, and has a spicy, slightly bitter taste.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：金缕梅科植物枫香树。
The plant species: Liquidambar formosana Hance, belonging to the Hamamelidaceae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

枫香树又名：枫木、香枫、枫人、枫仔树、三角枫、三角尖。落叶乔木，高20-40m。树皮灰褐色，方块状剥落。叶互生；叶柄长3-7cm；托叶线形，早落；叶片心形，常3裂，幼时及萌发枝上的叶多为掌状5裂，长6-12cm，宽8-15cm，裂片卵状三角形或卵形，先端尾状渐尖，基部心形，边缘有细锯齿，齿尖有腺状突。花单性，雌雄同株，无花被；雄花淡黄绿色，成葇荑花序再排成总状，生于枝顶；雄蕊多数，花丝不等长；雌花排成圆球形的头状花序；萼齿5，钻形；子房半下位，2室，花柱2，柱头弯曲。头状果序圆球形，直径2.5-4.5cm，表面有刺，蒴果有宿存花萼和花柱，两瓣裂开，每瓣2浅裂。种子多数，细小，扁平。花期3-4月，果期9-10月。
Also known as Fragrant Maple, Maple Person, Maple Sapling, Triangle Maple, and Triangle Point. A deciduous tree, 20-40m tall. Bark is gray-brown and peels off in square patches. Leaves alternate; petioles 3-7cm long; stipules linear, caducous; leaf blade heart-shaped, commonly 3-lobed, young or sprouting shoots often palmately 5-lobed, 6-12cm long, 8-15cm wide; lobes ovate-triangular or ovate, apex acuminate, base cordate, margin finely serrate with glandular tips. Flowers unisexual, monoecious, without perianth; male flowers pale yellow-green, arranged in catkins forming racemes at branch tips; numerous stamens with unequal filaments; female flowers in spherical head-like inflorescences; calyx teeth 5, awl-shaped; ovary half-inferior, 2-celled, styles 2, stigmas curved. Fruit heads spherical, 2.5-4.5cm in diameter, spiny surface; capsules persistent with sepals and styles, splitting into two valves, each shallowly 2-lobed. Seeds numerous, small, and flat. Flowering March-April, fruiting September-October.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于秦岭及淮河以南各地。
Distributed throughout southern regions of the Qinling Mountains and Huai River.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于山地常绿阔叶林中。
Grows in mountainous evergreen broad-leaved forests.