鹿骨，中药名。为鹿科动物梅花鹿（CervusnipponTemminck）或马鹿（CervuselaphusLinnaeus）的骨骼。杀鹿时取骨，除去筋肉即可。梅花鹿栖于混交林、山地草原及森林近缘，分布于东北、华北、华东、华南；马鹿栖于混交林、高山的森林草原，分布于东北、西北及内蒙古等地。味甘，性温，归肾经，具有补虚赢、强筋骨、除风湿、止泻痢、生肌敛疮的功效，常用于虚劳骨弱、风湿痹痛、泻痢、瘰疬、疮毒。
Lu-gu, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. efers to the bones of the sika deer (Cervus nippon Temminck) or the elk (Cervus elaphus Linnaeus). The bones are obtained by killing the deer and removing the muscles. Sika deer inhabit mixed forests, mountain grasslands, and forest margins, and are distributed in Northeast China, North China, East China, and South China. Elk inhabit mixed forests and alpine forest grasslands, and are distributed in Northeast China, Northwest China, and Inner Mongolia. Lu-gu has a sweet taste, warm nature, and enters the kidney meridian. It has the functions of nourishing deficiency, strengthening tendons and bones, dispelling wind and dampness, stopping diarrhea, and promoting tissue regeneration and wound healing. It is often used for deficiency fatigue, weak bones, rheumatic pain, diarrhea, scrofula, and toxic sores.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

补虚赢，强筋骨，除风湿，止泻痢，生肌敛疮。
Tonify deficiency, strengthen tendons and bones, dispel dampness, stop diarrhea, promote tissue regeneration, and heal wounds.

主治 Indications

虚劳骨弱，风湿痹痛，泻痢，瘰疬，疮毒。
Deficiency and fatigue with weak bones, wind-damp arthralgia, diarrhea, scrofula, and ulcer toxicity.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，15～30g；或浸酒；或烧存性为末，每次5～10g。外用：适量。煅存性研末撒。
Internal use: decoction, 15–30g; or soaked in alcohol; or burned to ash and taken orally, 5–10g each time. External use: appropriate amount. Burned to ash and ground into powder for sprinkling.

临床应用 Clinical Applications

1、补益虚赢：鹿骨一具，枸杞根二升。备以水一斗，煎汁五升，和匀，共煎五升。日二服。(《千金方》鹿骨煎)

1. Tonifying and nourishing deficiency: one deer bone, two sheng of wolfberry roots. Add one dou of water, decoct to obtain five sheng of liquid, mix well, and continue decocting until five sheng remain. Take twice a day. (From "Qian Jin Fang" – Deer Bone Decoction)

2、治风湿疼痛、筋骨冷痛：鹿顶骨10g，白芍10g，秦艽10g，巴戟10g，五加皮10g，松节10g，桂枝6g，羌活6g，防己6g，川乌6g，乳香6g，没药6g。共泡酒服。每服3～10g，每日2次。（《四川中药志》1979年）
2. Treatment for rheumatic pain and cold pain in muscles and bones: 10g of deer antler, 10g of white peony, 10g of Qinjiao, 10g of Morinda root, 10g of Acanthopanax bark, 10g of pine nodes, 6g of cassia twig, 6g of Notopterygium root, 6g of Radix Saposhnikoviae, 6g of Szechuan lovage rhizome, 6g of frankincense, 6g of myrrh. Soak in alcohol and take. Dosage: 3–10g per dose, twice a day. (From "Sichuan Herbal Medicine Records", 1979)

3、治瘰疬、生肌：鹿顶骨烧灰存性，为末。先以葱椒汤洗疮净，拭干掺药；或油调搽。（《卫生易简方》）
3. Treatment for scrofula and promoting tissue regeneration: Burn deer antler to ash and grind into powder. Wash the ulcer with scallion and pepper soup, dry it, and apply the medicine; or mix with oil for external application. (From "Wei Sheng Yi Jian Fang")

4、治疮毒，生肌收口：鹿胫骨，湿纸包固，灰火煨之，以黄脆可研为度。掺大毒，生肌附注
4. Treatment for ulcerous toxins and promoting tissue healing: Wrap deer shin bone in wet paper, fix it, roast over fire until yellowish and brittle enough to be ground. Apply to severe ulcers to promote tissue regeneration.

注意事项 Notes

本词条仅用于中医药知识的科普，对于任何形式的野生动物和野生植物的使用均须遵守国家的相关法律法规。
This entry is only for popularizing knowledge about traditional Chinese medicine. The use of any form of wild animals and plants must comply with relevant national laws and regulations.

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：杀鹿时取骨，除去筋肉即可。
Collection and processing: When slaughtering deer, remove the bones and muscles.

炮制方法：鹿骨：取原药材，用温水闷润，剔去残余筋肉，洗净泥土，晒干。大小分开，先将砂子置热锅内，用武火炒至轻松时，倒入净鹿骨，炒至稍带颜色，质酥，取出，筛去砂子，砸成小块。
Processing method: Deer bone: Take the original medicinal material, soak it in warm water, remove the residual tendons and muscles, wash away the dirt, and sun-dry. Separate by size. Heat sand in a pot over high heat until loose, then add the cleaned deer bones and stir-fry until slightly colored and crispy. Remove, sift out the sand, and crush into small pieces.

动物学信息 Zoological Information

动物属种：鹿科动物梅花鹿、马鹿。
Animal species: Cervidae animals include sika deer (Cervus nippon) and red deer (Cervus elaphus).

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

1. 梅花鹿，体长约1.5m左右，体重100kg左右。眶下腺明显，耳大直立，颈细长。四肢细长，后肢外侧踝关节下有褐色蹠腺，主蹄狭小，侧蹄小。臀部有明显的白色臀斑，尾短。雄鹿有分叉的角，长全时有4～5叉，眉叉斜向前伸，第二枝与眉叉较远，主干末端再分两小枝。梅花鹿冬毛栗棕色，白色斑点不显。鼻面及颊部毛短，毛尖沙黄色。从头顶起沿脊椎到尾部有一深棕色的背线。白色臀斑有深棕色边缘。腹毛淡棕，鼠蹊部白色。四肢外侧同体色，内侧色稍淡。夏毛薄，无绒毛，红棕色，白斑显著，在脊背两旁及体侧下缘排列成纵行，有黑色的背中线。腹面白色，尾背面黑色，四肢色较体色为浅。

2. The sika deer has a body length of about 1.5 meters and weighs around 100 kg. It has prominent preorbital glands, large erect ears, and a long slender neck. Its limbs are long and slender, with brown tarsal glands on the outside of the hind legs. The main hooves are narrow and the lateral hooves are small. There is a distinct white patch on the buttocks, and the tail is short. The male deer has forked antlers, with 4 to 5 tines when fully grown; the brow tine slants forward, the second tine is distant from the brow tine, and the main beam branches into two smaller tines at the tip. In winter, the coat is chestnut brown with inconspicuous white spots. The facial and cheek hair is short and sandy yellow at the tips. There is a dark brown dorsal line from the top of the head along the spine to the tail. The white rump patch has a dark brown border. The belly fur is light brown, and the inguinal region is white. The outer sides of the limbs are the same color as the body, while the inner sides are slightly lighter. In summer, the coat is thin, without undercoat, reddish-brown, with prominent white spots arranged in vertical rows on the sides of the back and lower body, with a black midline on the back. The underside is white, the tail is black on the back, and the limbs are lighter than the body color.

3. 马鹿，体形较大，体长2m，体重超过200kg。肩高约1m，背平直肩部与臀部高度相等。鼻端裸露，耳大呈圆锥形。颈长约占体长1/3，颈下被毛较长。四肢长，两侧蹄较长，能触及地面。尾短，雄性有角，眉叉向前伸，几与主干成直角，主干稍向后略向内弯，角面除尖端外均较粗糙，角基有一小圈瘤状突。冬毛灰褐色。嘴、下颌深棕色，颊棕色，额部棕黑色。耳外黄褐、耳内白色。颈部与身体背面稍带黄褐色，有一黑棕色的背线。四肢外侧棕色，内侧较浅。臀部有黄赭色斑。夏毛较短，没有绒毛，呈赤褐色。

4. The red deer is larger in size, with a body length of 2 meters and weighing over 200 kg. It stands about 1 meter tall at the shoulders, with a straight back and shoulder height equal to hip height. The nose is bare, and the large ears are conical. The neck is about one-third of the body length, with longer hair underneath. The limbs are long, with longer hooves on both sides that can touch the ground. The tail is short, and males have antlers with the brow tine extending forward, nearly at a right angle to the main beam, which slightly bends backward and inward. The antler surface is rough except for the tip, and there is a small ring-like protrusion at the base. In winter, the coat is grayish-brown. The mouth and lower jaw are deep brown, the cheeks are brown, and the forehead is dark brown. The outer ears are yellow-brown, and the inner ears are white. The neck and back have a slight yellow-brown tint, with a black-brown dorsal line. The outer sides of the limbs are brown, while the inner sides are lighter. There are yellow-ochre spots on the buttocks. In summer, the coat is shorter, without undercoat, and reddish-brown.