毛贯众，中药名。为鳞毛蕨科鳞毛蕨属植物阔鳞鳞毛蕨Dryopterischampionii（Benth.）C.Chr.的根茎。植物阔鳞鳞毛蕨，分布于中南及江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、四川、贵州等地。具有清热解毒，平喘，止血敛疮，驱虫之功效。主治感冒，目赤肿痛，气喘，便血，疮毒溃烂，烫伤，钩虫病。
Mao-guan-zhong, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. efers to the rhizome of Dryopteris championii (Benth.) C.Chr., a plant belonging to the family of Dryopteridaceae. This plant is distributed in central and southern China, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Sichuan, and Guizhou. It is known for its effects of clearing heat, detoxification, relieving asthma, stopping bleeding, and expelling parasites. It is used to treat conditions such as colds, red and swollen eyes, asthma, bloody stools, ulcerated sores, burns, and hookworm disease.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

清热解毒，平喘，止血敛疮，驱虫。
Clearing heat and detoxifying, relieving asthma, stopping bleeding and promoting wound healing, and expelling parasites.

主治 Indications

感冒，目赤肿痛，气喘，便血，疮毒溃烂，烫伤，钩虫病。
Common cold, red and swollen eyes with pain, asthma, bloody stools, ulceration of sores, burns, and hookworm disease.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，15-30g。外用：适量，捣敷。
Internal use: Decoction, 15-30g. External use: Appropriate amount, pounded for application.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《湖南药物志》：“清热解毒，止咳平喘。预防感冒，治钩虫病，气喘，大便下血。”
"Hunan Materia Medica": "Clears heat, detoxifies, stops coughing, and relieves asthma. Prevents colds, treats hookworm disease, asthma, and bloody stools."

《全国中草药汇编》：“敛疮，解毒。主治毒疮溃烂，久不收口，目赤肿痛。”
"Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicines": "Astringes sores, detoxifies. Mainly used for treating toxic sores that are ulcerated and do not heal for a long time, with red, swollen, and painful eyes."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

1、预防感冒，多鳞毛蕨根90g，夏枯草60g，椿根皮30g。水煎作茶饮。（《湖南药物志》）

1. Preventing colds: 90g of Dryopteris crassirhizoma, 60g of Prunella vulgaris, 30g of Ailanthus altissima root bark. Decoct in water to make a tea. (From "Hunan Materia Medica")

2、治气喘，多鳞毛蕨根15g，荆芥9g，广皮3g，白芥子9g，乌药9g，茯苓9g。水煎服。（《湖南药物志》）
2. Treating asthma: 15g of Dryopteris crassirhizoma, 9g of Schizonepeta tenuifolia, 3g of Platycodon grandiflorus, 9g of Sinapis alba, 9g of Lindera aggregata, 9g of Poria cocos. Decoct in water and take orally. (From "Hunan Materia Medica")

3、治目赤肿痛，（阔鳞鳞毛蕨）鲜根茎（去鳞片）30g，加白糖适量。水煎服。（《浙江药用植物志》）
3. Treating red, swollen, and painful eyes: 30g of fresh rhizome of Dryopteris crassirhizoma (without scales), with an appropriate amount of white sugar. Decoct in water and take orally. (From "Zhejiang Medicinal Plants")

4、治大便下血，多鳞毛蕨15g，地榆9g。水煎兑红糖服。（《湖南药物志》）
4. Treating bloody stools: 15g of Dryopteris crassirhizoma, 9g of Sanguisorba officinalis. Decoct in water, add brown sugar, and take orally. (From "Hunan Materia Medica")

5、治疮疡溃烂，（阔鳞鳞毛蕨）鲜根茎（去鳞片），加白糖适量。捣烂，外敷患处。（《浙江药用植物志》）
5. Treating ulcerated sores: Fresh rhizome of Dryopteris crassirhizoma (without scales), with an appropriate amount of white sugar. Crush into a paste and apply externally to the affected area. (From "Zhejiang Medicinal Plants")

6、治钩虫病：①多鳞毛蕨30-60g。水煎服。（《湖南药物志》）②卵鳞鳞毛蕨12g，川楝子9g，紫苏9g。煎服。（《中国药用孢子植物》）
6. Treating hookworm disease: ① 30-60g of Dryopteris crassirhizoma. Decoct in water and take orally. (From "Hunan Materia Medica") ② 12g of Dryopteris ovata, 9g of Melia toosendan, 9g of Perilla frutescens. Decoct and take orally. (From "Chinese Medicinal Spore Plants")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：夏、秋季采收，挖出全株，洗净，去须根和叶柄，晒干。
Harvest in summer or autumn by digging out the whole plant, washing it clean, removing the roots and leaf stalks, and drying it in the sun.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：鳞毛蕨科鳞毛蕨属植物阔鳞鳞毛蕨。
The plant belongs to the family Dryopteridaceae and the genus Dryopteris, specifically Dryopteris crassirhizoma.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

阔鳞鳞毛蕨，别名多鳞毛蕨（《湖南药物志》），东南鳞毛蕨（《浙江药用植物志》），卵鳞鳞毛蕨（《中国药用孢子植物》）。植株高50-90cm。根茎斜升，密被深棕色或栗黑色、披针形鳞片。叶簇生；叶柄长25-50cm，深禾秆色，密被棕色阔披针形鳞片；叶片椭圆形，长与叶柄几相等，宽20-30cm，顶部长渐尖，沿叶轴、羽轴有棕色、卵状披针形鳞片，二回羽状或三回羽裂；羽片披针形，基部的长10-18cm，宽3-4cm，长渐尖头；小羽片椭圆状披针形，先端钝，基部呈明显耳形，边缘浅裂或有疏钝齿；侧脉羽状分叉。孢子囊群生于小脉中部；囊群盖圆肾形。
Dryopteris crassirhizoma, also known as Many-scaled shield fern ("Hunan Materia Medica"), Southeastern shield fern ("Zhejiang Medicinal Plants"), and Ovate-scaled shield fern ("Chinese Medicinal Spore Plants"). The plant grows 50-90cm tall. The rhizome is obliquely erect, densely covered with dark brown or chestnut-black, lanceolate scales. Leaves are clustered; petioles are 25-50cm long, deep straw-colored, densely covered with brown, broad lanceolate scales; blade is elliptic, nearly equal in length to the petiole, 20-30cm wide, gradually acuminate at the apex, with brown, ovate-lanceolate scales along the rachis and pinnae axes, bipinnate or tripinnatifid; pinnules are lanceolate, 10-18cm long at the base, 3-4cm wide, with long-acuminate tips; pinnule segments are elliptic-lanceolate, obtuse at the apex, distinctly auriculate at the base, margin shallowly lobed or with sparse blunt teeth; lateral veins are pinnately forked. Sori are borne on middle parts of the veinlets; indusia are reniform.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于中南及江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、四川、贵州等地。
Distributed in central and southern China, as well as in Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Sichuan, Guizhou, and other regions.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔300-1500m的山坡疏林下或灌木丛中。
Grows under sparse forests or in shrubbery on mountain slopes at altitudes of 300-1500 meters.