红花苗，中药名。为菊科植物红花CarthamustinctoriusL.的嫩叶苗。我国东北、华北、西北及山东、浙江、贵州、四川、西藏等地广泛栽培。具有消肿解毒，健脾开胃之功效。常用于敷游肿。
Hong-hua-miao, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. It refers to the tender leaves of the chrysanthemum plant Carthamus tinctorius L. It is widely cultivated in Northeast China, North China, Northwest China, Shandong, Zhejiang, Guizhou, Sichuan, Tibet, and other regions. It has the functions of reducing swelling, detoxification, invigorating the spleen, and stimulating the appetite. It is often used for treating swelling and abscesses.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

消肿解毒，健脾开胃。
Reduce swelling, detoxify, strengthen the spleen, and improve appetite.

主治 Indications

生捣碎，敷游肿。
Crush and apply to swollen areas.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，9-15g。或煮食，每次30-60g。外用：鲜品捣敷，敷患处。
Internal use: Decoction, 9-15g. Or cooked for consumption, 30-60g each time. External use: Freshly prepared poultice applied to the affected area.

相关论述 Relevant Discussions

1、《开宝本草》：“生捣碎、敷游肿。”2、《本草纲目》：“初生嫩叶、苗亦可食。”

1. "Kai Bao Ben Cao": "Crush and apply to swollen areas." 2. "Compendium of Materia Medica": "The tender leaves and seedlings can also be eaten."

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属菊科植物红花。
Plant species: Chrysanthemum family plant safflower.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

红花，又名黄蓝、红蓝、红花草、红花菜。越年生草本，高50-100cm。茎直立，上部分枝，白色或淡白色，光滑无毛。叶互生；无柄；中下部茎生叶披针形、卵状披针形或长椭圆形，长7-15cm，宽2.5-6cm，边缘具大锯齿、重锯齿、小锯齿或全缘，稀羽状深裂，齿顶有针刺，刺长1-1.5mm，向上的叶渐小，披针形，边缘有锯齿，齿顶针刺较长，可达3mm；全部叶质坚硬，革质，两面无毛，无腺点，有光泽。头状花序多数，在茎枝顶端排成伞房花序，为苞叶所围绕；苞片椭圆形或卵状披针形，连先端针刺长2.5-3cm，边缘有或无针刺；总苞卵形，直径2.5cm；总苞片4层，外层竖琴状，中部或下部有收缢，收缢以上叶质，绿色，边缘无针刺或有篦齿状针刺，收缢以下黄白色；中内层硬膜质，倒披针状椭圆形至长倒披针形，长达2.2cm，先端渐尖；全部苞片无毛，无腺点；小花红色、桔红色，全部为两性，花冠长2.8cm，细管部长2cm，花冠裂片几达檐部基部。瘦果倒卵形，长5.5mm，宽5mm，乳白色，有4棱，无冠毛。花果期5-8月。
Safflower, also known as Huanglan, Honglan, Honghuacao, and Honghuacai, is a biennial herb, 50-100cm tall. The stem is erect with upper branches, white or pale white, smooth and hairless. Leaves are alternate, sessile; middle and lower stem leaves are lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate, or long elliptical, 7-15cm long, 2.5-6cm wide, with large serrations, double serrations, small serrations, or entire margins, rarely pinnately deeply lobed, with needle-like prickles at tooth apex, 1-1.5mm long; upper leaves gradually become smaller, lanceolate, with serrated edges, and longer prickles up to 3mm long. All leaves are hard, leathery, glabrous on both sides, without glandular dots, and shiny. Numerous head-like inflorescences form corymbs at the top of stems and branches, surrounded by bracts. Bracts are elliptical or ovate-lanceolate, 2.5-3cm long including the apical prickle, with or without marginal prickles. Involucre is ovoid, 2.5cm in diameter, with 4 layers of phyllaries. Outer layer is lyrate, constricted in the middle or lower part, above which it becomes leaf-like, green, with or without comb-like prickles, below which it is yellowish-white; middle and inner layers are membranous, oblanceolate-elliptic to long oblanceolate, up to 2.2cm long, apex gradually tapering. All phyllaries are glabrous and lack glandular dots. Florets red or orange-red, all bisexual, corolla 2.8cm long, tube 2cm long, lobes nearly reaching base of limb. Achenes obovate, 5.5mm long, 5mm wide, milky white, 4-angled, without pappus. Flowering and fruiting from May to August.

分布区域 Distribution Area

我国东北、华北、西北及山东、浙江、贵州、四川、西藏等地广泛栽培。
Widely cultivated in Northeast, North, and Northwest China, as well as in Shandong, Zhejiang, Guizhou, Sichuan, Tibet, and other regions.