木锥花，中药名。为唇形科锥花属植物小齿锥花GomphostemmamicrodonDunn的根。植物小齿锥花，分布于云南南部。具有清肺化痰，利尿通淋之功效。主治痰热咳喘，热淋，石淋，肾炎，水肿。
Mu-zhui-hua, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. 木锥花). It refers to the root of Gomphostemma microdon Dunn, a plant of the family Lamiaceae, which is distributed in the southern part of Yunnan. It has the functions of clearing the lungs, resolving phlegm, promoting diuresis, and treating stranguria. It is mainly used to treat phlegm-heat cough, asthma, hot stranguria, urinary calculi, nephritis, and edema.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

清肺化痰，利尿通淋。
Clear the lungs and transform phlegm, promote diuresis and relieve stranguria.

主治 Indications

痰热咳喘，热淋，石淋，肾炎，水肿。
Phlegm-heat cough and wheezing, heat lin syndrome, stone lin syndrome, nephritis, and edema.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，15-30g。
Internal administration: Decoction, 15-30g.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《云南思茅中草药选》：“清热解毒，止咳化痰，消炎利尿，治肺炎、气管、支气管炎、咳嗽痰多，尿路感染，膀胱炎、肾炎水肿尿路结石。”
"Yunnan Simao Herbal Selection": "Clears heat and detoxifies, stops cough and transforms phlegm, reduces inflammation and promotes diuresis, treats pneumonia, tracheitis, bronchitis, cough with excessive phlegm, urinary tract infection, cystitis, nephritis, edema, and urinary calculi."

加공炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：全年均可采挖，洗净，切片，晒干。
It can be harvested, cleaned, sliced, and dried throughout the year.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：唇形科锥花属植物小齿锥花。
The plant belongs to the genus Gomphostemma, species Gomphostemma microdon, family Lamiaceae.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

多年生草本，高约1m。茎直立，上部钝四棱形，基部近圆柱形，密被灰色星状短绒毛。叶对生；叶柄长1-4cm；叶片长圆形或椭圆形，长8.5-24cm，宽3.6-10cm；先端微偏斜、急尖或钝，基部楔形，有时不对称，边缘具浅齿，上面被星状毛，下面密被星状绒毛。聚伞花序具1-2花，腋生，组成假穗状圆锥花序；苞片长圆形或披针形，长11-22mm；小苞片线形，长6-11mm；花萼狭钟形，长5-7mm；萼齿5，三角形；花冠浅紫或淡黄色，长1.6-2cm，上唇圆形，长3.5mm，下唇长6mm，3裂，中裂片最大；雄蕊4，花丝被毛；子房4裂，柱头2裂。小坚果扁长圆形，长约4mm，黑褐色，有沟纹。花期8-11月，果期8-12月。
Perennial herb, about 1m tall. The stem is erect, with a blunt quadrangular shape in the upper part and a nearly cylindrical shape at the base, densely covered with grayish star-shaped short hairs. Leaves are opposite; petioles are 1-4cm long; leaf blades are oblong or elliptic, 8.5-24cm long and 3.6-10cm wide; the apex is slightly oblique, acute or obtuse, the base is cuneate, sometimes asymmetric, with shallow teeth on the margin, covered with star-shaped hairs on the upper surface and densely covered with star-shaped hairs on the lower surface. The umbel inflorescence has 1-2 flowers, axillary, forming a pseudo-racemose conical inflorescence; bracts are oblong or lanceolate, 11-22mm long; bracteoles are linear, 6-11mm long; calyx is narrowly campanulate, 5-7mm long; calyx teeth are 5, triangular; corolla is pale purple or light yellow, 1.6-2cm long, with a rounded upper lip, 3.5mm long, and a 6mm long lower lip, 3-lobed, with the middle lobe being the largest; stamens are 4, with hairy filaments; ovary is 4-lobed, with a 2-lobed stigma. The small achene is oblong, about 4mm long, blackish-brown, with grooves. The flowering period is from August to November, and the fruiting period is from August to December.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于云南南部。
Distributed in the southern part of Yunnan.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔640-1300m的沟谷或平地的热带雨林下。
It grows in tropical rainforests in valleys or flatlands at an altitude of 640-1300 meters.