辣姜子，中药名。为樟科植物红叶木姜子LitsearubescensLec.的果实。分布于陕西、湖北、湖南、四川、贵州、云南、西藏等地。具有温中理气，消食化滞之功效。常用于脘腹疼痛，食滞腹胀，呕吐泄泻。
La-jiang-zi, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. Fruit of LitsearubescensLec.) is the fruit of the Lauraceae plant LitsearubescensLec. It is distributed in Shaanxi, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet, and other regions. It has the functions of warming the middle, regulating qi, and resolving food stagnation. It is often used for abdominal pain, food stagnation, bloating, vomiting, and diarrhea.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

温中理气，消食化滞。
Warming the middle and regulating qi, resolving food stagnation.

主治 Indications

脘腹疼痛，食滞腹胀，呕吐泄泻。
Epigastric pain, abdominal distention due to food stagnation, accompanied by vomiting and diarrhea.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，1.5-5g。
Oral administration: Decoction, 1.5-5g.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《西藏常用中草药》：“消食化滞。主治肠胃炎，胃寒腹痛，食滞，腹胀等。”
"Tibetan Commonly Used Chinese Herbal Medicine": "Promotes digestion and relieves stagnation. Used to treat gastroenteritis, stomach cold and abdominal pain, food stagnation, abdominal distension, etc."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

治寒湿霍乱：樟树果35g，乳香、没药各12g，浸酒服。（《新编中兽医学》）
Treatment for cold and damp cholera: 35g of camphor tree fruit, 12g each of frankincense and myrrh, soaked in alcohol for consumption. (From "New Compilation of Veterinary Medicine")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：9-10月果实成熟时采摘，晒干。
Harvest the fruits when they ripen in September and October, and then dry them in the sun.

药材鉴别 Medicinal Material Identification

药材性状：果实圆球形或椭圆形，长5-10mm，直径约5mm，表面黑褐色，基部可见约1cm长的果柄，果核硬脆，内含种子1枚，富油性。气芳香，味辛凉。
The fruit is spherical or elliptical, 5-10mm long and approximately 5mm in diameter, with a dark brown surface. At the base, there is a stalk about 1cm long. The fruit stone is hard and brittle, containing a single oily seed. It has a fragrant aroma and a cool, pungent taste.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：樟科植物红叶木姜子。
Red-leaf wood ginger, a plant of the Lauraceae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

红叶木姜子，又名野春桂、樟树、青皮树、木姜树、马木姜子、泡香樟、叶上花、山胡椒、大山胡椒、野木姜。落叶灌木或小乔木，高4-10米；树皮绿色。小枝无毛，嫩时红色。顶芽圆锥形，鳞片无毛或仅上部有稀疏短柔毛。叶互生，椭圆形或披针状椭圆形，长4-6厘米，宽1.7-3.5厘米，两端渐狭或先端圆钝，膜质，上面绿色，下面淡绿色，两面均无毛，羽状脉，侧脉每边5-7条，直展，在近叶缘处弧曲，中脉、侧脉于叶两面突起；叶柄长12-16毫米，无毛；嫩枝、叶脉、叶柄常为红色。伞形花序腋生；总梗长5-10毫米，无毛；每一花序有雄花10-12朵，先叶开放或与叶同时开放，花梗长3-4毫米，密被灰黄色柔毛；花被裂片6，黄色，宽椭圆形，长约2毫米，先端钝圆，外面中肋有微毛或近于无毛，内面无毛；能育雄蕊9，花丝短，无毛，第3轮基部腺体小，黄色，退化雌蕊细小，柱头2裂。果球形，直径约8毫米；果梗长8毫米，先端稍增粗，有稀疏柔毛。花期3-4月，果期9-10月。
Red-leafed wood ginger, also known as wild spring cinnamon, camphor tree, green bark tree, wood ginger tree, horse wood ginger, fragrant camphor, flower on the leaf, mountain pepper, large mountain pepper, wild wood ginger. Deciduous shrub or small tree, 4-10 meters high; the bark is green. The twigs are hairless, reddish when young. The terminal bud is conical, with scales hairless or only sparsely soft-haired in the upper part. Leaves are alternate, elliptic or lanceolate-elliptic, 4-6 cm long, 1.7-3.5 cm wide, gradually narrowing at both ends or blunt at the apex, membranous, green on the upper surface, pale green on the lower surface, both surfaces hairless, pinnate veins, 5-7 lateral veins on each side, straight, curved near the leaf margin, midvein and lateral veins raised on both sides of the leaf; petiole 12-16 mm long, hairless; young twigs, leaf veins, and petioles are often red. Umbel inflorescences are axillary; the peduncle is 5-10 mm long, hairless; each inflorescence has 10-12 male flowers, opening before or simultaneously with the leaves, flower stalk 3-4 mm long, densely covered with grayish-yellow soft hairs; the 6 tepals are yellow, broadly elliptic, about 2 mm long, blunt at the apex, with sparse hairs or nearly hairless on the midrib on the outer surface, hairless on the inner surface; fertile stamens 9, with short filaments, the base of the 3rd whorl with small glands, yellow, degenerate pistils small, stigma 2-lobed. The fruit is spherical, about 8 mm in diameter; the fruit stalk is 8 mm long, slightly thickened at the apex, with sparse soft hairs. Flowering period is from March to April, and fruiting period is from September to October.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于陕西、湖北、湖南、四川、贵州、云南、西藏等地。
Distributed in Shaanxi, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet and other regions.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于山谷常绿阔叶林中空隙处或林缘。
Born in the gaps of evergreen broad-leaved forests in the valley or at the edge of the forest.