鬼针草，中药名。为菊科植物鬼针草BidensbipinnataL.的全草。全国广布。具有清热解毒，祛风除湿，活血消肿之功效。用于咽喉肿痛，泄泻，痢疾，黄疸，肠痈，疔疮肿毒，蛇虫咬伤，风湿痹痛，跌打损伤。
Gui-zhen-cao, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. Bidens bipinnata L.) is the whole plant of the Asteraceae plant Bidens bipinnata L., widely distributed throughout the country. It has the functions of clearing heat and detoxification, dispelling wind and dampness, promoting blood circulation, and reducing swelling. It is used for sore throat, diarrhea, dysentery, jaundice, intestinal abscess, carbuncle, snake and insect bites, rheumatic pain, and bruises.

功效作用 功能
The efficacy and functions.

清热解毒，祛风除湿，活血消肿。主治
Clearing heat and detoxifying, dispelling wind and dampness, promoting blood circulation and reducing swelling. Mainly used for治疗...

用于咽喉肿痛，泄泻，痢疾，黄疸，肠痈，疔疮肿毒，蛇虫咬伤，风湿痹痛，跌打损伤。用法用量
Used for sore throat, diarrhea, dysentery, jaundice, intestinal abscess, carbuncle, snake and insect bites, rheumatic pain, and bruises. Dosage and administration.

内服：煎汤，15-30g，鲜品倍量；或捣汁。外用：适量，捣敷或取汁涂；或煎水熏洗。注意事项
Internal use: Decoction, 15-30g, double the amount for fresh herbs; or pounded into juice. External use: Apply an appropriate amount for poultice or juice for topical application; or decoct in water for fumigation and washing. Precautions

尚不明确。药理作用
Not clear yet. Pharmacological action.

1、对中枢神经系统的作用，鬼针草注射液有一定是镇痛作用，但其强度不及吗啡。

1. Guizhencao injection has a certain analgesic effect on the central nervous system, but its intensity is not as strong as morphine.

2、抗高血脂及血栓形成作用，抑制动脉血栓形成有明显的作用。
2. It has the function of lowering blood lipids and preventing thrombosis, and it significantly inhibits the formation of arterial thrombosis.

3、抗胃溃疡作用，对利血平溃疡有显著的保护作用，但对组胺溃疡、可的松溃疡无效。
3. Anti-gastric ulcer effect, with a significant protective effect on the ulcers caused by aspirin, but ineffective for histamine-induced ulcers and dexamethasone-induced ulcers.

4、对胃液分泌量与酸度的作用，能减少胃液的分泌，也能使胃液PH、游离酸显著降低。
4. It can reduce the secretion of gastric juice and also significantly lower the pH and free acidity of gastric juice.

5、对胃肠道平滑肌作用。
5. Effects on the smooth muscles of the gastrointestinal tract.

6、毒性，无毒。相关论述
Toxicity and non-toxicity. Relevant discussion.

《中国药物植物图鉴》：“治痢疾，咽喉肿痛，噎膈反胃，贲门痉挛及食道扩张等症，有解毒，止泻，解热功效。近用治盲肠炎。”临床应用 临床应用
"Encyclopedia of Chinese Medicinal Plants": "It is used to treat dysentery, sore throat, choking sensation and nausea, cardiospasm, esophageal dilation, and other conditions. It has detoxifying, antidiarrheal, and antipyretic effects. It is recently used to treat appendicitis." Clinical application.

1、预防感冒、流感。

1. Prevent colds and flu.

2、治疗小儿腹泻。
2. Treatment of pediatric diarrhea.

3、治疗急性黄疸型肝炎。
3. Treatment of acute jaundice hepatitis.

4、治疗慢性前列腺炎。相关配伍
4. Treatment of chronic prostatitis. Related compatibility.

1、治急性胃肠炎：刺针草15-30g，车前草9g。水煎服。呕吐加生姜5片，腹痛加酒曲2个。

1. Treatment for acute gastroenteritis: 15-30g of Xingren (Prunus armeniaca) and 9g of Cheqiancao (Plantago asiatica) are decocted in water and taken orally. For vomiting, add 5 slices of fresh ginger; for abdominal pain, add 2 pieces of wine-processed Fructus Hordei Germinatus.

2、治小儿单纯性消化不良：刺针草鲜草3-5株。水煎浓汁，连渣放在桶内，趁热熏洗患儿双脚，一般熏洗3-4次，每次熏洗约5min。1-5岁熏洗脚心，6-15岁熏洗到脚面，腹泻严重者，熏洗部位可适当上升至腿。
Treatment for simple indigestion in children: Take 3-5 fresh plants of Xuejie (刺针草, Cirsium japonicum) and decoct them into a concentrated solution. Put the dregs in a bucket and use the hot fumes to wash the child's feet. Generally, perform the fumigation and washing 3-4 times, with each session lasting about 5 minutes. For children aged 1-5, fumigate the soles of the feet, and for those aged 6-15, fumigate the entire foot. For those with severe diarrhea, the fumigation area can be appropriately raised to the legs.

3、治急性黄疸型传染性肝炎：鬼针草100g，连钱草60g。水煎服。
3. Treatment for acute icteric viral hepatitis: 100g of Herba Lysimachiae and 60g of Herba Desmodii Styracifolii. Decoction for oral administration.

4、治疖肿：刺针草全草剪碎，加75%乙醇或白酒浸泡约2-3天后，外搽局部。（1—4方出自《全草中草药汇编》）加工炮制 采收加工
4. Treatment for swollen carbuncles: Cut the entire plant of the herb Xanthium strumarium into pieces, soak it in 75% ethanol or white wine for about 2-3 days, and apply it externally to the affected area. (This prescription is from "Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicines") Processing and preparation: Harvest and process the herb.

在夏、秋季开花盛期，收割地上部分，拣去杂草，鲜用或晒干。药材鉴别 药材性状
During the flowering season in summer and autumn, the aerial parts of the plant are harvested, and then the weeds are removed. The herb can be used fresh or dried. The identification and characterization of the medicinal materials are essential.

1、药材性状

1. Medicinal Materials Characteristics

茎略呈方形，幼茎有短柔毛。叶纸质而脆，多皱缩、破碎，常脱落。茎顶常有扁平盘状花托，着生10余个呈条形、有3-4棱的瘦果，冠毛3-4枚，有时带有头状花序。气微，味淡。以色绿、叶多者为佳。
The stem is roughly square-shaped, and the young stem has short soft hairs. The leaves are papery and fragile, often wrinkled, broken, and frequently shed. At the top of the stem, there is often a flat disc-shaped receptacle, bearing more than 10 slender fruits with 3-4 edges, and 3-4 awns, sometimes with a head-like inflorescence. It has a mild aroma and a bland taste. The preferred characteristics are a green color and abundant leaves.

2、饮片性状
2. Characteristics of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pieces

为不规则的小段，茎、叶、花混合。植物学信息 植物种属
A mixture of irregular stems, leaves, and flowers. Botanical information about plant species.

菊科植物鬼针草。形态特征
Chrysanthemum coronarium, a plant of the Asteraceae family. Morphological characteristics

鬼针草又名：鬼骨针，婆婆针。一年生草本，高50-100cm，茎中部叶和下部叶对生；柄长2-6cm；叶片长5-14cm，二回羽状深裂，裂片再次羽状分裂，小裂片三角状或鞭状披针形，先端尖或渐尖，边缘具不规则细齿或钝齿，两面略有短毛；上部叶互生，羽状分裂。头状花序直径5-10cm；总花梗长2-10cm；总苞片条状椭圆形，先端尖或钝，被细短毛；舌状花黄色，通常有1-3朵不发育；筒状花黄色，发育，长约5mm，裂片5。瘦果条形，长1-2cm，宽约1mm，具3-4棱，有短毛；先端冠毛芒状，3-4枚，长2-5mm。花期8-9月，果期9-11月。分布区域
Ghost needle grass, also known as ghost bone needle and granny needle, is an annual herbaceous plant that grows to a height of 50-100cm. The middle and lower leaves of the stem are opposite, with petioles 2-6cm long. The leaf blades are 5-14cm long, deeply lobed into bipinnate, with the lobes further divided into pinnate segments, triangular or whip-shaped lanceolate, with pointed or gradually pointed tips, irregular fine teeth or obtuse teeth on the edges, and slightly hairy on both sides. The upper leaves are alternate and pinnately divided. The head-like inflorescence has a diameter of 5-10cm, with total peduncles 2-10cm long. The bracts are linear-elliptic, with pointed or blunt tips, and covered with fine short hairs. The ligulate flowers are yellow, usually with 1-3 undeveloped, while the tubular flowers are yellow, developed, about 5mm long, with 5 lobes. The achene is elongated, 1-2cm long, about 1mm wide, with 3-4 edges and short hairs, and the apical crown is awn-like, with 3-4 pieces, 2-5mm long. The flowering period is from August to September, and the fruiting period is from September to November. This plant is distributed in certain regions.

生于路边、荒野或住宅附近。全国广布。
Born on roadsides, wastelands, or near residential areas. Widely distributed throughout the country.