木麻黄，中药名。为木麻黄科植物木麻黄（CasuarinaequisetifoliaForst.）的幼嫩枝叶或树皮。分布于广西、广东、福建、台湾沿海地区。味苦、辛，性温。归肺、大肠、小肠经。具有宣肺止咳，行气止痛，温中止泻，利湿的功效。治疗感冒发热，咳嗽，疝气，腹痛，泄泻，痢疾，小便不利，脚气肿毒等病症。
Ephedra (Mu, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. a-huang). It refers to the tender branches, leaves, or bark of the plant Ephedra equisetifolia Forst. of the Ephedraceae family. It is distributed in the coastal areas of Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, and Taiwan. It has a bitter and pungent taste, warm properties, and enters the lung, large intestine, and small intestine meridians. It has the effects of relieving cough, promoting the circulation of qi to alleviate pain, warming the middle energizer to stop diarrhea, and eliminating dampness. It is used to treat conditions such as fever, cough, hernia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, dysentery, urinary difficulty, and athlete's foot.

功效作用 功能
The efficacy and functions.

宣肺止咳，行气止痛，温中止泻，利湿。主治
Moisten the lungs to stop coughing, promote qi circulation to alleviate pain, warm the middle to stop diarrhea, and eliminate dampness.主治

治疗感冒发热，咳嗽，疝气，腹痛，泄泻，痢疾，小便不利，脚气肿毒。用法用量
Treatment for cold with fever, cough, hernia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, dysentery, difficult urination, and edema. Dosage and administration.

内服：煎汤，3-9克。外用：适量，煎汤熏洗；或捣烂敷。禁忌
Internal use: Decoction, 3-9 grams. External use: Appropriate amount, decoct and wash; or apply as a poultice. Contraindications.

孕妇慎用。注意事项
Not suitable for pregnant women. Please take note of precautions.

孕妇慎用。相关论述
Pregnant women should use it with caution. Relevant discussions.

《新华本草纲要》：枝叶治疝气、阿米巴痢疾及慢性气管炎。加工炮制 采收加工
"Compendium of Materia Medica": The branches and leaves are used to treat hernia, amoebic dysentery, and chronic bronchitis. Processing and preparation: collection and processing.

全年可采摘嫩枝，或剥取树皮，均鲜用或晒干。药材鉴别 药材性状
Tender branches can be harvested all year round, and the bark can be peeled for fresh use or dried in the sun. Identification of medicinal materials and their properties.

药材性状：枝条较长，主枝圆柱形，灰绿色或褐红色，小枝轮生，灰绿色，约有纵棱7条，纤细，直径0.4-0.6mm。节密生，节间长3-6mm，鳞叶7枚轮生，下部在白色，先端红棕色。枝条顶端有时有穗状雄花序和头状雌花序。节易脱落，枝条易折断，断面黄绿色。气微，味淡。植物学信息 植物种属
Medicinal material characteristics: The branches are relatively long, the main branches are cylindrical, gray-green or reddish-brown, the small branches are whorled, gray-green, with about 7 longitudinal ridges, slender, and a diameter of 0.4-0.6mm. The nodes are densely arranged, with internodes 3-6mm long, and 7 imbricate scales, white at the lower part and reddish-brown at the apex. Sometimes there are spike-like male flower clusters and head-like female flower clusters at the top of the branches. The nodes are easily shed, the branches are easily broken, and the cross-section is yellow-green. It has a slight odor and a bland taste. Botanical information: Plant species.

木麻黄科植物木麻黄。形态特征
Ephedra, a plant in the Ephedraceae family, has the following morphological characteristics.

常绿乔木，高10-30m，胸径约70m。幼树的树皮为赭红色，较薄，皮孔密集；老树的树皮粗糙，深褐色，不规则纵裂，内皮深红色。枝红褐色，有密集的节，下垂。叶鳞片状，淡褐色，常7枚紧贴轮生。花单性，雌雄同株或异株；雄花序穗状，几无总花梗；雄花花被片2，早落；有1枚雄蕊和4个苞片；雌花序为球形或头状，顶生于短的侧枝上，较雄花序短而宽；雌花1枚苞片和2枚小苞片腋生，无花被；雌蕊由2枚心皮组成。子房上位，初为2室，因后位退化而成为单室，花柱短，有2条通常为红色的线形柱头，球果，直径1-1.2cm，有短梗，木质的宿存小苞片背面有微柔毛，内有一薄翅小坚果；种子单生，种皮膜质。花期4-5月，果期7-10月。生长环境
Evergreen tall tree, 10-30m in height, with a breast diameter of about 70m. The bark of young trees is reddish-brown, relatively thin, and densely pored, while the bark of old trees is rough, dark brown, irregularly longitudinally cracked, with a deep red inner bark. The branches are reddish-brown, with dense nodes, and drooping. The leaves are scale-like, light brown, usually 7 closely arranged in a whorl. The flowers are unisexual, with both male and female flowers on the same or different trees; the male flowers are in spike-like clusters, with few common flower stalks, 2 perianth segments, which fall early, 1 stamen, and 4 bracts; the female flowers are spherical or head-shaped, borne on short lateral branches, shorter and wider than the male flower clusters, with 1 bract and 2 small bracteoles in the axil, without perianth, and with 2 carpels. The ovary is superior, initially 2-celled, but later degenerates into a single chamber, with a short style and 2 usually red linear stigmas, forming a woody capsule, 1-1.2cm in diameter, with a short stalk. The persistent bracts on the back have fine hairs, and there is a thin-winged nut inside; the seeds are solitary, with a membranous seed coat. Flowering occurs from April to May, and fruiting from July to October. Habitat:

生长于向阳高热地区。
Grows in sunny and hot regions.