漆姑草，中药名。为石竹科植物漆姑草Saginajaponica(Sw.)Ohwi[SpergulajaponicaSw．]的全草。分布于东北、华北、华东、中南、西南及陕西、广西等地。具有凉血解毒，杀虫止痒之功效。常用于漆疮，秃疮，湿疹，丹毒，瘰疬，无名肿毒，毒蛇咬伤，鼻渊，龋齿痛，跌打内伤。
Qi-gu-cao, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. the whole plant of Sagina japonica (Sw.) Ohwi [Spergula japonica Sw.], a plant of the Caryophyllaceae family. It is distributed in Northeast China, North China, East China, Central South China, Southwest China, Shaanxi, and Guangxi. It has the functions of cooling blood, detoxification, insecticidal, and anti-itch. It is commonly used for lacquer sores, alopecia sores, eczema, erysipelas, scrofula, unidentified swelling and toxicity, snake bites, rhinitis, toothache, and bruises.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

凉血解毒，杀虫止痒。
Cooling blood, detoxifying, killing insects, and relieving itching.

主治 Indications

用于漆疮，秃疮，湿疹，丹毒，瘰疬，无名肿毒，毒蛇咬伤，鼻渊，龋齿痛，跌打内伤。
Used for lacquer sores, alopecia areata, eczema, erysipelas, scrofula, unidentified swelling and toxicity, snake bites, rhinitis, toothache, and bruises with internal injuries.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，10-30g；研末或绞汁。外用：适量，捣敷；或绞汁涂。
Internal use: Decoction, 10-30g; powdered or juiced. External use: Appropriate amount, apply as a poultice; or apply the juice.

注意事项 Precautions

孕妇忌服。
Pregnant women should avoid taking it.

药理作用 Pharmacological Effects

1、抗肿瘤作用；2、镇咳、祛痰作用；3、镇痛作用；4、兴奋肠平滑肌作用；5、对血压及呼吸的影响：能使呼吸短时兴奋，血压先升后降。

1. Anti-tumor effect; 2. Antitussive and expectorant effect; 3. Analgesic effect; 4. Excitatory effect on intestinal smooth muscle; 5. Effects on blood pressure and respiration: can cause short-term respiratory excitement, with blood pressure initially rising and then falling.

相关论述 Relevant Discussions

1、《本草拾遗》：“主漆疮，亦主溪毒疮。”

1. Compendium of Materia Medica: "It treats lacquer sores, as well as stream poison sores."

2、《本草经疏》：“主大人小儿丹毒。治一切血热为病之要药也。”
2. Commentary on the Materia Medica: "It treats erysipelas in adults and children. It is also the essential medicine for treating all diseases caused by blood heat."

3、《本草汇言》：“治热血疥癣风毒疮疹之药也。前人治一切热毒恶疮，秃疮，虫疹及大人小儿丹毒，龋齿并诸虫，毒水成疮。捣汁和酒服即见效也。”
3. Compendium of Materia Medica Compilation: "It is used to treat hot blood, scabies, ringworm, wind poison sores, and rashes. Previous practitioners used it to treat all kinds of hot toxic ulcers, bald ulcers, insect bites, erysipelas in adults and children, dental caries, and various parasites, where toxic fluids form sores. Crushing the herbs, mixing with alcohol, and taking it orally will produce immediate effects."

临床应用 Clinical Application

1、治漆疮：取漆姑草捣汁二分，和芒硝一分。涂之。（《外台》引《必效方》）

1. Treatment for lacquer sores: Take two parts juice of Quigucao and one part mirabilite, mix and apply. (From Wai Tai, citing Bi Xiao Fang)

2、治毒蛇咬伤：漆姑草、雄黄捣烂敷。（《湖南药物志》）
2. Treatment for snake bites: Mash Quigucao and realgar together and apply as a poultice. (From Hunan Materia Medica)

3、治瘰疬溃烂：羊儿草配五倍子树根（去皮）、野黄花根共捣绒敷。
3. Treatment for ulcerated lymph nodes: Mix Yang'ercao with gallnut tree roots (peeled) and wild chrysanthemum roots, mash into a paste, and apply externally.

4、治丸子烂痒：羊儿草配九子连环草、昆布、海藻、金针花头共捣绒敷。（3-4方出自《四川中药志》1960年）
4. Treatment for itchy testicles: Mix Yang'ercao with Herba Agrimoniae, kelp, seaweed, and chrysanthemum flower heads, mash into a paste, and apply externally. (Formulas 3–4 from Sichuan Chinese Materia Medica, 1960)

5、治牙痛：漆姑草叶捣烂，塞入牙缝。（《湖南药物志》）
5. Treatment for toothache: Mash Quigucao leaves and stuff them into the gaps between teeth. (From Hunan Materia Medica)

6、治目有星翳：漆姑草加韭菜根捣烂，用纱布包裏塞鼻。
6. Treatment for corneal opacity: Mash Quigucao with Chinese chives roots, wrap in gauze, and insert into the nostrils.

7、治慢性鼻炎，鼻窦炎：鲜漆姑草全草捣烂塞鼻孔，每日1次，连用1星期。（《浙南本草新编》）
7. Treatment for chronic rhinitis and sinusitis: Mash fresh whole Quigucao plant, stuff into nostrils once daily for one week. (From Zhejiang South Herbal New Compilation)

8、治呕血，咯血：漆姑草0.9g，秋石9g。共研细末，浓茶送服。（《安徽中草药》）
8. Treatment for hematemesis and hemoptysis: Mix 0.9g Quigucao and 9g Qiushi, grind into fine powder, and take with strong tea. (From Anhui Chinese Herbal Medicine)

附注 Additional Notes

珍珠草 Sagina japonica (Sweet) Ohwi var. parviflora (Burtt-Davy) C.Y.Wu 其形态特征与前种极相近似，主要区别在于本种的花较前种更小。分布于云南省。其全草亦可作漆姑草入药。
Sagina japonica (Sweet) Ohwi var. parviflora (Burtt-Davy) C.Y.Wu is very similar to the former species in morphological characteristics, with the main difference being that its flowers are smaller. Distributed in Yunnan Province. The whole plant can also be used medicinally as Quigucao.

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：4-5月间采集，洗净，鲜用或晒干。
Collected between April and May, washed, and used fresh or sun-dried.

炮制方法：原生药，拣去杂质，洗净泥沙，切碎，晒干。
The raw herb is cleaned by removing impurities, washed to remove dirt and sand, chopped, and dried in the sun.

药材鉴别 Medicinal Material Identification

药材性状：全草长10-15cm。茎基部分枝，上部疏生短细毛。叶对生，完整叶片圆柱状线形，长5-20mm，宽约1mm，先端尖，基部为薄膜连成的短鞘。花小，白色，生于叶腋或茎顶。蒴果卵形，5瓣裂，比萼片约长1/3。种子多数，细小，褐色，圆肾形，密生瘤状突起。气微，味淡。
The whole plant is 10–15 cm long. The stem branches at the base, with sparse short hairs on the upper part. Leaves are opposite, with cylindrical-linear blades, 5–20 mm long, about 1 mm wide, acute at apex, and with a thin membranous sheath at base. Flowers are small, white, occurring in leaf axils or at stem apex. Capsule is ovoid, 5-valved, about 1/3 longer than sepals. Seeds are numerous, tiny, brown, reniform, densely covered with wart-like protrusions. Slight odor, mild taste.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：石竹科植物漆姑草。
Quigucao is a plant of the Caryophyllaceae family, Sagina japonica.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

漆姑草：一年生小草本，高10-15cm。茎纤细，由基部分枝，丛生，下部平卧，上部直立，无毛或上部稍被腺毛。单叶对生；叶片线形，长5-20mm，宽约1mm，具1条脉，基部抱茎，合生成膜质的短鞘状，先端渐尖，无毛。花小形，通常单一，腋生于茎顶；花梗细小，直立，长约1-2.5cm，疏生腺毛；萼片5，长圆形乃至椭圆形，长1.5-2mm，先端钝圆，稍微呈兜状依附于成熟的蒴果，背面疏生腺毛乃至无毛，具3条脉，边缘及先端为白膜质；花瓣5，白色卵形，先端圆，长约为萼片的2/3左右；雄蕊5；子房卵圆形，花柱5。蒴果广椭圆状卵球形，比宿存萼片稍长或长出1/3左右；通常5瓣裂，裂瓣椭圆状卵形，先端钝。种子微小，褐色，圆肾形，长0.4-0.5mm，两侧稍扁，背部圆，密生瘤状突起。花期5-6月，果期6-8月。
Quigucǎo: An annual herb, 10–15 cm tall. Slender stems branch from the base, forming clumps; lower parts prostrate, upper parts erect, glabrous or sparsely glandular-pubescent above. Leaves opposite; linear, 5–20 mm long, ~1 mm wide, with one vein, base clasping and fused into a membranous sheath, apex gradually acute, glabrous. Flowers small, usually solitary, axillary at stem apex; pedicels slender, erect, 1–2.5 cm long, sparsely glandular-hairy; sepals 5, oblong to elliptic, 1.5–2 mm long, apex obtuse, slightly hooded over mature capsule, back sparsely glandular-hairy to glabrous, with 3 veins, margins and apex white-membranous; petals 5, white, ovate, rounded apex, ~2/3 length of sepals; stamens 5; ovary ovate, styles 5. Capsule broadly ellipsoid-ovoid, slightly longer than or up to 1/3 longer than persistent sepals; usually 5-valved, valves elliptic-ovoid, apex blunt. Seeds minute, brown, reniform, 0.4–0.5 mm long, slightly flattened laterally, dorsally rounded, densely tuberculate. Flowering May–June, fruiting June–August.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于东北、华北、华东、中南、西南及陕西、广西等地。
Distributed in Northeast China, North China, East China, Central South China, Southwest China, Shaanxi, Guangxi, and other regions.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于山地或田间路旁阴湿草地。
Grows in shady, moist grasslands in mountainous areas or along field paths.