净莲生桂子花:净制莲生桂子花
Jing-lian-sheng-gui-zi-hua: Lian-sheng-gui-zi-hua processed by cleaning.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy and Functions

清热解毒，活血止血，消肿止痛。主治
Clearing heat and detoxifying, promoting blood circulation and stopping bleeding, reducing swelling and relieving pain. Mainly used for治疗.

咽喉肿痛，肺热咳嗽，热淋，月经不调，崩漏，带下，痈疮肿毒，湿疹，顽癣，创伤出血。用法用量
Sore throat, cough due to lung heat, hot urinary dysfunction, irregular menstruation, menorrhagia, abnormal vaginal discharge, carbuncle and swelling, eczema, stubborn ringworm, and bleeding from wounds. Dosage and administration.

内服：煎汤，6-9g。外用：鲜品适量，捣敷；或干品研未撒。注意事项
Internal use: Decoction, 6-9g. External use: Fresh herbs, appropriate amount, mashed for application; or dried herbs, ground into powder for sprinkling. Precautions.

宜慎服，体质虚弱者禁服。本品全株有毒，其白色乳汁毒性更大。中毒症状：初为头痛、头晕、恶心、呕吐，继而腹痛、腹泻烦躁、谵语，最后四肢冰冷、冷汗、面色苍白、脉搏不规则、瞳孔散大、对光不敏感、痉挛、昏迷、心跳停止而死亡。化学成分
Use with caution, and avoid for those with weak constitution. The entire plant of this product is toxic, with the white latex being even more toxic. Symptoms of poisoning include initial headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, followed by abdominal pain, diarrhea, restlessness, delirium, and finally cold limbs, cold sweats, pale complexion, irregular pulse, dilated pupils, insensitivity to light, convulsions, coma, and death due to cardiac arrest. Chemical composition.

叶中含细胞毒牛角瓜甙，牛角瓜甙元，乌它甙元，克罗毒甙元，克罗甙元，阿斯科勒甙元，科勒坡甙元，枯热洒甙元，马利筋甙元。从全草中还分得强心粗甙，称马利筋甙。药理作用
The leaves contain cytotoxic cucurbitacin glycosides, including cucurbitacin I, cucurbitacin E, cucurbitacin B, cucurbitacin D, cucurbitacin C, ascorbic acid glycoside, coleporin glycoside, kurenoic acid glycoside, and malijin glycoside. A cardiac glycoside, known as malijin glycoside, is also extracted from the whole plant. These compounds have pharmacological effects.

1、强心作用：本品根、茎煎剂及叶、花、种子、果壳的酊剂注射于蛙均有显著强心作用，0.1g左右（生药）于1h可使蛙心停止于收缩期，以花、茎作用为强，叶次之，果壳为弱。10%马利筋种子酊剂0.3ml/kg静注，可使巴比妥中毒猫心收缩幅度显著增大，1.5min时增大约2倍，可引起戊巴比妥钠所致心衰猫心肺装置静脉压迅速下降，心收缩力增强，心输出量增多，但于4min出现中毒表现，心跳停止，静脉压回升。猫静注也见心电图R波急剧增高，R-R及PQ间隔延长。强心成分为马利筋甙、牛角瓜甙。马利筋甙0.5mg注射可使蛙心停止于收缩状态，在体兔心及离体豚鼠心脏灌流及心电图观察均表现正性肌力作用、负性频率和负性传导作用，作用性质与毒毛花苷G相似，作用迅速而蓄积性小。其作用强度鸽法为0.751±0.017mg/kg，为原生药的732倍，为毒毛花苷G的1/4-1/5，对鸽24h已无蓄积。本品所含牛角瓜甙也具有显著的强心作用。2、抗癌作用：本品醇提取物体外试验对人鼻咽癌KB细胞有明显的抑制作用，牛角瓜甙为细胞毒成分之一。3、催吐作用：本品根茎有催吐作用，同属植物A.;syriaL.及A.;incarnataL.及A.;taberosaL.等也均有催吐作用。4、其他作用：本品叶茎水提取物可使大鼠后肢灌流量明显增加，对豚鼠离体子宫有轻度抑制作用，但对豚鼠回肠、蟾蜍直肠、犬血压无明显影响。毒理作用

1. Cardiotonic effect: The decoction of the roots and stems of this product, as well as the tincture of the leaves, flowers, seeds, and fruit shells, when injected into frogs, all have a significant cardiotonic effect. A dose of around 0.1g (raw herb) can stop the frog's heart in the systolic phase within 1 hour. Among the plant parts, the flowers and stems have the strongest effect, followed by the leaves, with the fruit shells having a weaker effect. Intravenous injection of a 10% tincture of Malijin seeds at 0.3ml/kg can significantly increase the contraction magnitude of the hearts of barbital-poisoned cats, with an approximately 2-fold increase at 1.5 minutes. This can lead to a rapid decrease in venous pressure in the hearts and lungs of cats with pentobarbital-induced heart failure, enhanced cardiac contractility, and increased cardiac output. However, signs of toxicity appear at 4 minutes, with the heart stopping and venous pressure rebounding. Intravenous injection in cats also shows a sharp increase in the R wave of the electrocardiogram, along with prolongation of the R-R and PQ intervals. The cardiotonic components are Malijin glycosides and Cucurbitacin glycosides. Injection of 0.5mg of Malijin glycosides can stop the frog's heart in the systolic state. Observations on rabbit hearts in vivo and guinea pig hearts ex vivo, including perfusion and electrocardiogram, show positive inotropic effects, negative chronotropic effects, and negative dromotropic effects. The nature of the action is similar to Ouabain, with a rapid but low accumulative effect. The cardiotonic strength in pigeons is 0.751±0.017mg/kg, which is 732 times that of the raw herb and 1/4-1/5 of Ouabain. There is no accumulation after 24 hours in pigeons. The Cucurbitacin glycosides contained in this product also have a significant cardiotonic effect. 2. Anticancer effect: The alcohol extract of this product has a significant inhibitory effect on human nasopharyngeal carcinoma KB cells in vitro, with Cucurbitacin glycosides being one of the cytotoxic components. 3. Emetic effect: The roots and stems of this product have an emetic effect, and other plants such as A. syriaL., A. incarnataL., and A. taberosaL. also have emetic effects. 4. Other effects: The water extract of the leaves and stems of this product can significantly increase the perfusion volume in the hind limbs of rats. It has a mild inhibitory effect on the isolated uterus of guinea pigs but no significant effect on the intestines of guinea pigs, the rectum of toads, or the blood pressure of dogs. Toxicological effects.

本属植物多有一定毒性，是牧草中毒的原因之一。大鼠分别给予本品茎、叶的水、醇、石油醚提取物2g（原生药）/d连续4星期，未引起死亡，且对体重及生殖功能也无明显影响。本品的乙醇提取物5mg/kg腹腔注射连续5d，对家兔未见蓄积中毒。而曾报道静注于大鼠和兔则均可引起肺、肠道苍白，肾脏充血，脑、肺、肠系膜小动脉及脊髓的颈腰部等出血。马利筋甙静注对鸽的MLD为54.97±19.4mg（生药）/kg。相关论述
The plant in question is known to be somewhat toxic, and is one of the causes of livestock poisoning. When rats were given stem and leaf extracts of this plant at a dose of 2g (crude drug) per day for 4 consecutive weeks, no deaths occurred, and there were no significant effects on body weight or reproductive function. Intraperitoneal injection of the ethanol extract of this plant at a dose of 5mg/kg for 5 consecutive days did not cause cumulative toxicity in rabbits. However, it has been reported that intravenous administration of this plant to rats and rabbits can cause pallor in the lungs and intestines, congestion in the kidneys, and hemorrhage in the brain, lungs, mesenteric arteries, and cervical and lumbar regions of the spinal cord. The minimum lethal dose (MLD) of the saponin extracted from this plant via intravenous injection in pigeons is 54.97±19.4mg/kg (crude drug). This is a summary of the relevant discussions.

1、《贵州草药》：“解表散寒，生肌止血。”2、《云南中草药》：“止血消炎，消肿止痛。主治乳腺炎，痈疖。”3、《广西本草选编》：“解毒消肿，散瘀止血。主治跌打肿痛，骨折，外伤出血。”4、《四川中药志》1982年版：“用于顽癣。”5、《福建药物志》：“根：治乳腺炎，瘰疬，脾肿大，咳嗽，吐血，鼻衄，痛经，痈，疔，疖；叶：治骨折，创伤出血，烫火伤；乳汁：治湿疹，顽癣，痈，疔，疖。”临床应用 相关配伍

1. "Guizhou Herbal Medicine": "Relieve exterior and dispel cold, promote tissue regeneration and stop bleeding."2. "Yunnan Herbal Medicine": "Stop bleeding and reduce inflammation, reduce swelling and alleviate pain. Mainly used for treating mastitis and abscesses."3. "Guangxi Materia Medica Compilation": "Detoxify, reduce swelling, disperse stasis and stop bleeding. Mainly used for treating bruises, fractures, and external bleeding from injuries."4. "Sichuan Materia Medica Monograph" 1982 edition: "Used for stubborn tinea."5. "Fujian Materia Medica Monograph": "Roots: used for treating mastitis, scrofula, splenomegaly, cough, hemoptysis, epistaxis, dysmenorrhea, abscesses, boils, and abscesses; Leaves: used for treating fractures, traumatic bleeding, and burns; Milk: used for treating eczema, stubborn tinea, abscesses, boils, and abscesses." Clinical applications and relevant combinations.

1、治痛经：鲜马利筋30g。水煎服，胡椒为引。（《全国中草药汇编》）2、治痈疮肿毒：刀口药6-9g，水煎服；并用鲜品适量，捣烂敷患处：（《四川中药志》1982年）3、治乳腺炎，痈疖：竹林标6-9g。水煎服。（《云南中草药》）4、治湿疹及顽癣：用鲜马利筋折断后流出的乳汁搽患处，每日2次。5、治外伤出血：马利筋花、叶晒干为末，或果内种毛撒敷伤口。（4-5方出自《全国中草药汇编》）加工炮制 采收加工

1. For treating dysmenorrhea: 30g of fresh horseweed stems. Decoct in water and take orally, with pepper as an adjuvant. (From "National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicines")2. For treating carbuncles, sores, and toxic swellings: 6-9g of Daokouyao, decocted in water and taken orally; also apply an appropriate amount of fresh Daokouyao, mashed and applied to the affected area. (From "Sichuan Herbal Records" 1982)3. For treating mastitis and abscesses: 6-9g of Zhulinbiao, decocted in water and taken orally. (From "Yunnan Chinese Herbal Medicine")4. For treating eczema and stubborn ringworm: Apply the milk that flows out after breaking fresh horseweed stems to the affected area, twice daily.5. For treating external bleeding from injuries: Dry the flowers and leaves of horseweed to make a powder, or sprinkle the hairy seeds from the fruit on the wound. (The fourth and fifth remedies are from the "National Compilation of Chinese Herbal Medicines") Processing and preparation: Harvesting and processing.

全年均可采，晒干或鲜用。药材鉴别 药材性状
Can be harvested all year round, and can be dried in the sun or used fresh. Identification of medicinal materials, characteristics of medicinal materials.

茎直，较光滑。单叶对生，叶片披针形，先端急尖，基部楔形，全缘。有的可见伞形花序，花梗被毛，或披针形蓇葖果，内有许多具白色绢毛的种子。气特异，味微苦。植物学信息 植物种属
The stem is straight and relatively smooth. The leaves are arranged opposite each other, with lanceolate leaf blades that are sharply pointed at the tip, wedge-shaped at the base, and have entire margins. Some may have umbel inflorescences, with hairy flower stalks, or lanceolate schizocarps containing many seeds with white silky hairs. The plant has a distinctive aroma and a slightly bitter taste. Botanical information about the plant species.

萝藦科马利筋属马利筋。形态特征
The family of Lamiaceae belongs to the genus Marrubium. Morphological characteristics.

多年生直立灌木状草本，高60-100cm。全株有白色乳汁。叶对生；叶柄长0.5-1cm；叶片膜质，披针形或椭圆状披针形，先端短渐尖或急尖，基部楔形而下延至叶柄，长6-13cm，宽1-3.5cm，侧脉每边约8条。聚伞花序顶生或腋生，有花10-20朵；花萼5深裂，被柔毛，内面基部有腺体5-10个；花冠裂片5，紫红色，长圆形，反折；副花冠5裂，黄色，着生于合蕊冠上，有柄，内有舌状片。蓇葖果披针形，两端渐尖，长6-10cm，直径1-1.5cm。种子卵圆形，先端具长约25cm的白色绢质种毛。花期几乎全年，果期8-12月。分布区域
Perennial erect shrubby herb, 60-100cm tall. The whole plant has white latex. Leaves are opposite; petioles are 0.5-1cm long; leaf blades are membranous, lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, shortly acuminate or acute at the apex, cuneate at the base and extending downward to the petiole, 6-13cm long, 1-3.5cm wide, with about 8 veins on each side. Umbellate inflorescences are terminal or axillary, with 10-20 flowers; calyx deeply 5-lobed, covered with soft hairs, with 5-10 glands at the base of the inner surface; corolla lobes 5, purple-red, oblong, reflexed; corona lobes 5, yellow, borne on the gynostegium, stalked, with tongue-shaped appendages inside. Follicles are lanceolate, gradually pointed at both ends, 6-10cm long, 1-1.5cm in diameter. Seeds are oval, with long white silky hairs about 25cm at the apex. Flowering almost all year round, fruiting from August to December. Distribution area.

福建、台湾、湖南、广东、海南、广西、四川、贵州、云南等地均有栽培。原产拉丁美洲的西印度群岛。道地产区
It is cultivated in Fujian, Taiwan, Hunan, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, and other regions. It is originally from the West Indies in Latin America. It is a genuine production area.

产于福建、云南、广西、四川等地，吉林也有少量栽培。自产自销。
It is produced in Fujian, Yunnan, Guangxi, Sichuan and other places, with a small amount also cultivated in Jilin. Self-produced and self-sold.