多刺绿绒蒿，中药名。为罂粟科植物多刺绿绒蒿Meconopsishorridula的全草。分布于甘肃、青海、四川、云南及西藏等地。具有活血化瘀，清热止痛之功效。常用于跌打损伤，骨折，胸背疼痛，风热头痛，关节肿痛。
Duo-ci-lv-rong-hao, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. Meconopsis horridula) is the whole herb of the plant Meconopsis horridula, a member of the Papaveraceae family. It is distributed in Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan, and Tibet. It is known for its functions of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, clearing heat, and relieving pain. It is commonly used for injuries from falls or blows, fractures, chest and back pain, heat-induced headaches, and swollen and painful joints.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

活血化瘀，清热止痛。
Promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis, clearing heat and relieving pain.

主治 Indications

跌打损伤，骨折，胸背疼痛，风热头痛，关节肿痛。
Bruises, fractures, chest and back pain, wind-heat headaches, and joint swelling and pain.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，1.5-3g；或入丸、散。
Internal use: decoction, 1.5-3g; or in pills or powders.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《晶珠本草》：“治骨折及头外伤，有益于脑病之恢复。”
"Jingzhu Bencao": "Used to treat bone fractures and head injuries, beneficial for the recovery of brain diseases."

《西藏常用中草药》：“活血化瘀，镇痛。主治跌打损伤。”
"Commonly Used Tibetan Medicinal Herbs": "Promotes blood circulation, removes blood stasis, and relieves pain. Mainly used for treating bruises and injuries."

《中草药》1984，（8）:23：“治风热头痛，跌打骨折，湿热关节肿痛。”
"Chinese Medicinal Herbs" 1984, (8):23: "Used to treat wind-heat headaches, bruises, fractures, and damp-heat joint swelling and pain."

加공炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：夏季采收，除去泥土、杂质，切段，阴干。
Harvest in summer, remove soil and impurities, cut into sections, and dry in the shade.

药材鉴别 Medicinal Material Identification

药材性状：本品切成短节，长短不等。根圆柱形，长0.3-1.5cm，直径0.5-1cm；表面棕褐色，有纵纹和细横纹；断面黄白色，质泡松，有裂隙。茎长1-3cm，直径0.3-1cm；表面黄绿色或棕褐色，具纵棱，密被黄色硬刺；切断面浅灰褐色或褐色，中空。叶片皱缩，绿色至绿褐色，两面有黄色硬刺，主脉明显向背面凸起。花瓣脱落或残留，灰黄色或黑褐色；雄蕊多数；花柱宿存，柱头裂片合成一体，呈黑褐色头状，密被浅黄褐色或褐色柔毛。蒴果卵形、椭圆形，密被黄色硬刺。体质轻。气微，味淡。
The characteristics of the medicinal material: This product is cut into short segments of varying lengths. The roots are cylindrical, 0.3–1.5 cm long and 0.5–1 cm in diameter, with a brownish surface showing longitudinal and fine transverse wrinkles. The cross-section is yellowish-white, spongy, and cracked. The stem is 1–3 cm long and 0.3–1 cm in diameter, with a yellow-green or brownish surface, longitudinal ridges, and densely covered with yellow hard spines; the cut surface is light gray-brown or brown, hollow. The leaves are wrinkled, green to greenish-brown, with yellow hard spines on both sides, and the main veins prominently raised on the back. Petals are shed or remaining, grayish-yellow or blackish-brown; numerous stamens; the persistent style forms a blackish-brown head-shaped structure, densely covered with light yellow-brown or brownish soft hairs. The capsule is ovoid or elliptical, densely covered with yellow hard spines. The plant is lightweight, with a mild aroma and a bland taste.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属：罂粟科植物多刺绿绒蒿。
Plant species: Meconopsis horridula, a plant in the Papaveraceae (poppy) family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

一年生草本，全体被黄褐色或淡黄色、坚硬而平展的刺，刺长0.5-1厘米。主根肥厚而延长，圆柱形，长达20厘米或更多，上部粗1-1.5厘米，果时达2厘米。叶全部基生，叶片披针形，长5-12厘米，宽约1厘米，先端钝或急尖，基部渐狭而入叶柄，边缘全缘或波状，两面被黄褐色或淡黄色平展的刺；叶柄长0.5-3厘米。花葶5-12或更多，长10-20厘米，坚硬，绿色或蓝灰色，密被黄褐色平展的刺，有时花葶基部合生。花单生于花葶上，半下垂，直径2.5-4厘米；花芽近球形，直径约1厘米或更大；萼片外面被刺；花瓣5-8，有时4，宽倒卵形，长1.2-2厘米，宽约1厘米，蓝紫色；花丝丝状，长约1厘米，色比花瓣深，花药长圆形，稍旋扭；子房圆锥状，被黄褐色平伸或斜展的刺，花柱长6-7毫米，柱头圆锥状。蒴果倒卵形或椭圆状长圆形，稀宽卵形，长1.2-2.5厘米，被锈色或黄褐色、平展或反曲的刺，刺基部增粗，通常3-5瓣自顶端开裂至全长的1/3-1/4。种子肾形，种皮具窗格状网纹。花果期6-9月。
Annual herb, entirely covered with yellow-brown or pale yellow, hard, spreading thorns, 0.5–1 cm long. The main root is thick and elongated, cylindrical, up to 20 cm or longer, 1–1.5 cm thick at the top, reaching 2 cm during fruiting. All leaves are basal, lanceolate, 5–12 cm long, about 1 cm wide, blunt or abruptly pointed at the apex, gradually narrowing into the petiole at the base, with entire or wavy margins, both surfaces covered with yellow-brown or pale yellow spreading thorns; petioles 0.5–3 cm long. Flower scapes 5–12 or more, 10–20 cm long, rigid, green or bluish-gray, densely covered with yellow-brown spreading thorns, sometimes fused at the base. Flowers solitary on scapes, semi-pendent, 2.5–4 cm in diameter; flower buds nearly spherical, about 1 cm or more in diameter; sepals externally covered with thorns; petals 5–8, occasionally 4, broadly obovate, 1.2–2 cm long, about 1 cm wide, blue-purple; filaments thread-like, about 1 cm long, darker than petals; anthers oblong, slightly twisted; ovary conical, covered with yellow-brown erect or spreading thorns; style 6–7 mm long, stigma conical. Capsule inversely ovate or elliptic-oblong, rarely broadly ovate, 1.2–2.5 cm long, covered with rust-colored or yellow-brown, spreading or reflexed thorns with thickened bases, usually dehiscing into 3–5 valves from the apex down to 1/3–1/4 of its length. Seeds kidney-shaped, seed coat reticulated with window-like patterns. Flowering and fruiting period from June to September.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于甘肃、青海、四川、云南及西藏等地。
Distributed in Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan, Tibet, and other regions.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔4100-5400m的草坡、石砾缝中。
Grows in grassy slopes and rocky crevices at altitudes of 4100–5400 meters.