囊距翠雀，中药名。为毛茛科植物囊距翠雀花DelphiniumbrunonianumRoyle的全草。囊距翠雀分布于西藏。具有祛风止痒，凉血解毒之功效。常用于流行性感冒，皮肤痒疹，蛇咬伤。
Nang-ju-cui-que, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. the whole herb of Delphinium brunonianum Royle, a plant of the Ranunculaceae family, is distributed in Tibet. It is known for its effects of dispelling wind, relieving itching, cooling blood, and detoxification. It is commonly used for treating influenza, itchy skin rashes, and snake bites.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

祛风止痒，凉血解毒。
Dispelling wind and relieving itching, cooling blood and detoxifying.

主治 Indications

用于流行性感冒，皮肤痒疹，蛇咬伤。
For common cold, itchy skin rash, and snake bites.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：煎汤，1.5-4.5g。
Internal administration: Decoction, 1.5-4.5g.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

1、《西藏常用中草药》：“性寒，味苦涩。”

1. "Tibetan Commonly Used Chinese Herbal Medicine": "Cold in nature, bitter and astringent in taste."

2、《西藏常用中草药》：“凉血解毒，祛风止痒。主治流感，皮肤痒疹，蛇咬伤等症。”
2. "Tibetan Commonly Used Chinese Herbal Medicine": "Cool blood, detoxify, dispel wind, and stop itching. Mainly used for treating influenza, itchy skin rashes, snake bites, and other conditions."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

1、治脾热症及各种热症：囊距翠雀、金腰草、洪连、伞梗虎耳草、榜嘎各一两，翼首草八钱，五灵脂一两半。上七味捣罗为细粉，过筛，混匀制散，内服，早晚各服五分。（《医方甘露精华》）

1. Treatment for spleen heat syndrome and various heat syndromes: Take 1 liang each of Nangju Cuique, Jinyao Cao, Honglian, Sange Huercao, and Bangga, and 8 qian of Yishou Cao, and 1.5 liang of Wuling Zhi. Grind the seven ingredients into fine powder, sift, mix well to make a powder, take it internally, and take five fen each in the morning and evening. (From "Medical Formula Ganlu Jinghua")

2、治喉蛾，疔疮，腹痛，各种时疫：翼首草80g，榜嘎50g，白花秦艽、岩参、尼泊尔紫堇各35g，茴香、洪连、囊距翠雀花、轮叶棘豆、打箭菊各40g，唐松草30g，堆孜楼码20g。上十二味研细，过筛，混匀，用水泛丸。内服，每日2次，每次1-2g。（《新编藏药配方》）
2. Treatment for throat moths, boils, abdominal pain, and various seasonal epidemics: Take 80g of Yishou Cao, 50g of Bangga, and 35g each of Baihua Qinyao, Yanshen, and Nepalese Purple Corydalis, 40g each of fennel, Honglian, Nangju Cuique flower, round leaf Tribulus terrestris, and dandelion, 30g of Tangsong Cao, and 20g of Duizilouma. Grind the twelve ingredients finely, sift, mix well, and make into pills with water. Take internally, twice a day, 1-2g each time. (From "New Compilation of Tibetan Medicine Formulas")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工夏、秋季采收，晒干或鲜用。
Harvest in summer or autumn, dry in the sun or use fresh.

炮制方法除去杂质，切段。
Processing method: Remove impurities and cut into sections.

药材鉴别 Identification of Medicinal Materials

药材性状本品长短不等，茎圆柱形，黄白色至紫红色，有时有分枝。叶易破碎，完整叶片肾状圆形，边缘有5-7浅齿裂，具长柄。花长3-3.5cm，宽2-2.5cm，蓝色，有粗短的距，外面被黄棕色毛。气微，味苦。以叶黄绿色，花淡蓝色者为佳。
The characteristics of the medicinal material: This product varies in length, with cylindrical stems that are yellow-white to purple-red in color, sometimes with branches. The leaves are fragile, with intact leaf blades being kidney-shaped with 5-7 shallow toothed lobes and long petioles. The flowers are 3-3.5cm long and 2-2.5cm wide, blue in color, with coarse short stamens and yellow-brown hairs on the outside. It has a mild aroma and a bitter taste. Leaves that are yellow-green and flowers that are light blue are preferred.

植物学信息 Botanical Information

植物种属毛茛科植物囊距翠雀花。
The Ranunculaceae plant is Thalictrum delavayi.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

多年生草本。茎高10-34cm，被白色短柔毛和黄色腺毛。基生叶和茎下部叶有长柄；叶柄长3-9.5cm；叶片肾形，长2.2-4.2cm，宽5.2-8.5cm，3深裂，裂片互相邻接或稍覆压，具缺刻状小裂片和粗牙齿，两面疏被短柔毛。伞房花序有花2-4朵；花梗长5.5-7cm，密被白色短柔毛和黄色腺毛；小苞片生花梗中部或上部；花两性，两侧对称；萼片5，宽卵形，长1.8-3cm，蓝紫色，两面被柔毛；距短，囊状，长6-10mm；花瓣2，先端2浅裂，被糙毛；退化雄蕊2，有长爪，瓣片长约7mm，2深裂，腹面有黄色髯毛；雄蕊多数，无毛；心皮4-5，被短柔毛。蓇葖果长约1.6cm；种子扁四面体形，长约2mm，沿棱有翅。花期8月，果期9-10月。
Perennial herb. Stem is 10-34cm tall, covered with white short soft hairs and yellow glandular hairs. Basal leaves and lower stem leaves have long petioles; petioles are 3-9.5cm long; leaf blades are kidney-shaped, 2.2-4.2cm long, 5.2-8.5cm wide, deeply 3-lobed, lobes adjacent to each other or slightly overlapping, with dentate small lobes and coarse teeth, sparsely covered with short soft hairs on both sides. Umbel inflorescence has 2-4 flowers; pedicels are 5.5-7cm long, densely covered with white short soft hairs and yellow glandular hairs; bracts are located in the middle or upper part of the pedicel; flowers are bisexual, symmetrical on both sides; sepals are 5, broadly ovate, 1.8-3cm long, blue-purple, covered with soft hairs on both sides; corolla tube is short, pouch-shaped, 6-10mm long; petals are 2, with 2 shallow lobes at the apex, covered with rough hairs; 2 degenerate stamens with long claws, petal-like, about 7mm long, 2-lobed, with yellow beards on the ventral surface; numerous stamens, without hairs; carpels are 4-5, covered with short soft hairs. Fruits are about 1.6cm long; seeds are flattened tetrahedral, about 2mm long, with wings along the edges. Flowering period is August, fruiting period is September to October.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于西藏。
Distributed in Tibet.

生长环境 Growing Environment

生于海拔4500-6000m的草地或多石处。
Born in grasslands or rocky areas at an altitude of 4500-6000 meters.