马棘，中药名。为豆科植物马棘IndigoferapseudotinctoriaMatsum.的根或地上部分。分布于江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、湖北、湖南、广西、四川、贵州、云南等地。具有清热解表，散瘀消积的功效。主治风热感冒，肺热咳嗽，烧烫伤，疔疮，毒蛇咬伤，瘰疬，跌打损伤，食积腹胀。
Ma-ji, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. It refers to the root or aerial part of the leguminous plant Indigofera pseudotinctoria Matsum. It is distributed in Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, and other places. It has the functions of clearing heat, resolving surface conditions, dispelling blood stasis, and reducing accumulations. It is mainly used for wind-heat type of common cold, lung-heat cough, burns, scrofula, snake bites, scrofula, bruises, and food stagnation with abdominal distention.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy and Functions

清热解表，散瘀消积。主治
Clearing heat, releasing the exterior, dispelling stasis, and resolving accumulation. Mainly used for治疗。

风热感冒，肺热咳嗽，烧烫伤，疔疮，毒蛇咬伤，瘰疬，跌打损伤，食积腹胀。用法用量
Wind-heat common cold, lung-heat cough, burns, furuncles, snake bites, scrofula, bruises, and food stagnation causing abdominal distension. Dosage and administration.

内服：煎汤，20-30g。外用：适量，鲜品捣敷；干品或炒炭存性研末，调敷。相关论述
Internal use: Decoction, 20-30g. External use: Fresh product mashed for application; dried product or charred product ground into powder for application. Relevant discussions.

《四川中药志》1960年版：“性温，味苦、涩，无毒。”《湖南药物志》：“味涩，叶微苦。”《彝药志》：“性寒，味苦。”《浙江药用植物志》：“苦、涩，平。”《民间常用草药汇编》：“利水消胀。”《四川中药志》1960年版：“治痒子，小儿食积饱胀，凉寒咳嗽，食停及痔疮。”《天目山药用植物志》：“治瘰疬，寒咳，小儿食积，痔疮。”《湖南药物志》：“散结消瘀，平喘，消积。治跌打损伤。”《浙江药用植物志》：“清热解毒。主治扁桃体炎、疟疾、疔疮痈肿。”《彝药志》：“活血祛瘀，消肿散结。治风热感冒，肺炎高热，扁桃体炎，颈淋巴结核，疔疮，毒蛇咬伤，烧烫伤。”临床应用 相关配伍
"Sichuan Materia Medica" 1960 edition: "Nature warm, taste bitter and astringent, non-toxic." "Hunan Materia Medica": "Taste astringent, slightly bitter leaves." "Yi Materia Medica": "Nature cold, taste bitter." "Zhejiang Medicinal Plants": "Bitter, astringent, neutral." "Compilation of Common Folk Herbs": "Diuretic and reduces swelling." "Sichuan Materia Medica" 1960 edition: "Treats pruritus, childhood food stagnation and fullness, cold cough, food retention, and hemorrhoids." "Tianmu Mountain Medicinal Plants": "Treats scrofula, cold cough, childhood food stagnation, hemorrhoids." "Hunan Materia Medica": "Disperses masses and stasis, relieves asthma, resolves accumulations. Treats bruises and injuries." "Zhejiang Medicinal Plants": "Clears heat and detoxifies. Mainly treats tonsillitis, malaria, carbuncle and furuncle." "Yi Materia Medica": "Activates blood circulation to remove stasis, disperses swelling and masses. Treats wind-heat colds, high fever pneumonia, tonsillitis, cervical lymphadenitis, carbuncle, snake bites, burns and scalds." Clinical applications and related compatibility.

1.治风热感冒：苦处喜20-30g，水煎服。《彝药志》）2.治肺炎高热：苦处喜20-30g，臭灵丹20g，生石膏25g，野韭菜根15g，土黄柏20g，黄连15g。水煎服。《彝药志》）3.治烧烫伤：苦处喜鲜品适量，捣烂外敷，或捣汁外搽，也可用干品研末，调陈醋搽患处。（《彝药志》）4.治痒子初起，结核硬块：一味药15-30g，配马桑根、何首乌炖猪肉服。（《四川中药志》1960年）5.治跌打损伤：马棘叶捣烂，敷患处。又方：（马棘）茎30g，水煎服。（《湖南药物志》）6.治食积：马棘根15g。水煎服。（《湖南药物志》）7.治哮喘：马棘鲜根60g。煮瘦猪肉食。（《湖南药物志》）8.治疔疮：马棘鲜根（去黑皮）煎服。并用鲜根洗净，加白糖捣烂敷患处。《天目山药用植物志》）9.治毒蛇咬伤：马棘鲜根磨汁涂敷。（《天目山药用植物志》）10.治疟疾：马棘根内皮研粉。每次1.5-3g，发作前2h开水送服，连服2-3次。（《浙江药用植物志》）附注

1. Treating wind-heat common cold: 20-30g of Ku Chu Xi, decocted in water and taken orally. (From "Yi Medicine Records")2. Treating pneumonia with high fever: 20-30g of Ku Chu Xi, 20g of Stinking Ren Dan, 25g of raw Gypsum Fibrosum, 15g of Wild Garlic Root, 20g of Phellodendron Bark, and 15g of Coptis Chinensis. Decoct in water and take orally. (From "Yi Medicine Records")3. Treating burns and scalds: Appropriate amount of fresh Ku Chu Xi, mashed and applied externally, or the juice can be applied externally. Alternatively, the dried herb can be ground into powder, mixed with aged vinegar, and applied to the affected area. (From "Yi Medicine Records")4. Treating early-stage pruritus and hard lumps: 15-30g of a single herb, stewed with Smilax Glabra Rhizome and Polygonum Multiflorum with pork for consumption. (From "Sichuan Chinese Medicine Records" 1960)5. Treating bruises and injuries: Crushed Ma Ji Ye (Achyranthes bidentata) leaves applied to the affected area. Another method: 30g of Ma Ji (Achyranthes bidentata) stems, decocted in water and taken orally. (From "Hunan Materia Medica Records")6. Treating food stagnation: 15g of Ma Ji (Achyranthes bidentata) roots, decocted in water and taken orally. (From "Hunan Materia Medica Records")7. Treating asthma: 60g of fresh Ma Ji (Achyranthes bidentata) roots, cooked with lean pork for consumption. (From "Hunan Materia Medica Records")8. Treating furuncles: Fresh Ma Ji (Achyranthes bidentata) roots (peeled) decocted for consumption. Also, clean the fresh roots, mash with white sugar, and apply to the affected area. (From "Tianmu Mountain Medicinal Plants Records")9. Treating snake bites: Crush fresh Ma Ji (Achyranthes bidentata) roots and apply the juice topically. (From "Tianmu Mountain Medicinal Plants Records")10. Treating malaria: Powdered inner bark of Ma Ji (Achyranthes bidentata) roots. Take 1.5-3g each time, dissolve in boiling water and take before the onset of symptoms, repeat 2-3 times. (From "Zhejiang Medicinal Plants Records") Note:

《中药大辞典》记载：同属植物浙江木蓝I.parkesiiCraib的药效与马棘相同，浙江木蓝又称广东木蓝，生于疏林下或灌丛中，在我省北部地区及浙江、广西有分布。加工炮制 采收加工
The "Compendium of Chinese Herbal Medicine" records: The medicinal properties of the plant I.parkesii Craib, which belongs to the same genus as the horse thorn, are the same. Zhejiang mulan, also known as Guangdong mulan, grows in sparse forests or thickets, and is distributed in the northern regions of our province as well as in Zhejiang and Guangxi. Processing and preparation involve harvesting and processing.

在播种后的第2年8-9月收获，选晴天，离地面10cm处，割下地上部分，晒干即成，以后可每年收割1次。其根宜在秋后采收，切段，晒干或鲜用。植物学信息 植物种属
Harvest in the 2nd year after sowing, from August to September, on a sunny day. Cut the above-ground part 10cm above the ground, dry it in the sun, and it can be harvested once a year thereafter. The roots should be harvested after autumn, cut into sections, dried, or used fresh. Botanical information: plant species.

豆科植物马棘。形态特征
Leguminous plant Caragana. Morphological characteristics.

马棘，又名狼牙草、野蓝枝子（四川）。小灌木，高1-3m。茎多分枝，幼枝灰褐色，有棱，被丁字毛。叶互生；叶柄长1-1.5cm，被平贴丁字毛；托叶小，狭三角形，长约1mm，早落；奇数羽状复叶，小叶7-11片，叶片椭圆形、倒卵形或倒卵状椭圆形，长1-2.5cm，先端圆或微凹，有小尖头，基部阔楔形或近圆形，两面有白色丁字毛。总状花序长3-11cm，花密集；花萼钟形，外被白色和棕色平贴丁字毛，萼筒生1-2mm，萼齿不等长，与萼筒近等长或略长；蝶形花淡红色或紫红色，旗瓣倒阔卵形，长4.5-6.5mm，先端螺壳状，翼瓣基部有耳状附属物，龙骨瓣距长约1mm，基部具耳；雄蕊10，二体。荚果线状圆柱形，长2.5-4(-5.5)cm，先端渐尖，幼时密被短丁字毛，种子间有横隔，仅在横隔上有紫红色斑点。种子椭圆形。花期5-8月，果期9-10月。分布区域
Ma Ji, also known as wolf's bane, and wild indigo (Sichuan). It is a small shrub, reaching a height of 1-3m. The stem branches a lot, with young branches being gray-brown, angular, and covered with cross-shaped hairs. The leaves are alternate; leaf stalks are 1-1.5cm long, covered with flat cross-shaped hairs; stipules are small, narrowly triangular, about 1mm long, and early falling off; odd-pinnate compound leaves, with 7-11 leaflets, which are elliptic, ovate, or ovate-elliptic, 1-2.5cm long, rounded or slightly concave at the apex, with small tips, broadly wedge-shaped or nearly circular at the base, and white cross-shaped hairs on both sides. The raceme is 3-11cm long, with densely packed flowers; the calyx is bell-shaped, covered with white and brown flat cross-shaped hairs on the outside, the calyx tube is 1-2mm long, calyx teeth are of unequal length, nearly equal to or slightly longer than the calyx tube; the papilionaceous flowers are pale pink or purple-red, the standard petal is inverted ovate, 4.5-6.5mm long, spirally twisted at the apex, the wing petals have ear-like appendages at the base, the keel petal has a distance of about 1mm, and ear-like structures at the base; there are 10 stamens, fused in pairs. The pod is linear-cylindrical, 2.5-4(-5.5)cm long, gradually pointed at the tip, densely covered with short cross-shaped hairs when young, with partitions between the seeds, and purple-red spots only on the partitions. The seeds are elliptical. The flowering period is from May to August, and the fruiting period is from September to October. Distribution area.

分布于江苏、安徽、浙江、江西、福建、湖北、湖南、广西、四川、贵州、云南等地。生长环境
Distributed in Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and other regions. Growing environment.

生于海拔100-1300m处的山坡林缘及灌木丛中。
It grows on the slopes of mountains at altitudes ranging from 100 to 1300 meters, as well as in the edges of forests and shrubs.