鳆鱼，中药名。为鲍科动物杂色鲍HaliotisdiversicolorReeve、皱纹盘鲍H.discushannaiIno、耳鲍H.asininaLinnaeus、羊鲍H.ovinaGmelin的肉。具有滋阴清热，益精明目，调经润肠之功效。用于劳热骨蒸，咳嗽，青盲内障，月经不调，带下，肾虚小便频数，大便燥结。
Abalo, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. . It refers to the meat of various species of the Haliotis family, including Haliotis diversicolor Reeve, Haliotis discus hannai Ino, Haliotis asinina Linnaeus, and Haliotis ovina Gmelin. It has the effects of nourishing yin and clearing heat, nourishing essence and improving eyesight, regulating menstruation and moisturizing the intestines. It is used for conditions such as fatigue and fever, cough, myopia, irregular menstruation, leukorrhea, kidney deficiency with frequent urination, and constipation.

功效作用 功能
Efficacy and Functions

滋阴清热，益精明目，调经润肠。主治
Nourishing yin and clearing heat, benefiting essence and improving vision, regulating menstruation and moisturizing the intestines.治

用于劳热骨蒸，咳嗽，青盲内障，月经不调，带下，肾虚小便频数，大便燥结。用法用量
Indications: Used for bone steaming due to overwork and heat, cough, cataracts, irregular menstruation, leukorrhea, frequent urination due to kidney deficiency, and constipation. Dosage: Follow the prescribed dosage.

内服：煮食或煎汤，适量。注意事项
Internal use: decoct or make soup, take an appropriate amount. Pay attention to the following precautions.

脾胃虚弱者不可多服。相关论述
Those with weak spleen and stomach should not take excessive doses. This is a relevant statement.

《别录》：“鲍鱼味辛臭。勿令中咸。”临床应用 相关配伍
"Compendium of Materia Medica": "Abalone tastes pungent and fishy. Do not combine it with salty foods." Clinical applications and relevant compatibility.

1、治肺结核，淋巴结结核，潮热盗汗：鲍鱼肉适量，煮菜，每日食之。（《山东药用动物》）2、治高血压：鲍鱼肉煮汤吃。（《南海海洋药用生物》）3、治产后乳汁不下：鲍鱼肉（切细）半斤，麻子仁（别研）一两末，香豉（别研）半合，葱白（切碎）三茎。上先取鲍鱼肉，以水三升，入麻仁、豉、葱白等，煮作羹。任意食之。（《普济方》鲍鱼羹方）加工炮制 采收加工

1. Treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis, lymph node tuberculosis, and night sweats: Consume a moderate amount of abalone meat by cooking it with vegetables and eating it daily. (From "Shandong Medicinal Animals")2. Treatment for hypertension: Boil abalone meat to make soup and consume it. (From "Marine Medicinal Organisms of the South China Sea")3. Treatment for insufficient breast milk production after childbirth: Take half a catty of finely chopped abalone meat, one liang of ground hemp seeds, half a liang of ground fragrant beans, and three stalks of chopped spring onions. First, cook the abalone meat in three liters of water, then add the hemp seeds, beans, spring onions, and cook it into a soup. Consume it as desired. (From "Puji Fang - Abalone Soup Recipe") Processing and preparation: Harvest and process.

捕得后，剖取其肉，鲜用或加工制成鲍鱼干。动物学信息 动物属种
After catching it, the flesh is extracted and used fresh or processed into dried abalone. Zoological information: Animal genus and species.

鲍科动物杂色鲍、皱纹盘鲍、耳鲍、羊鲍。形态特征
Haliotis diversicolor, Haliotis discus hannai, Haliotis asinina, Haliotis gigantea. Morphological characteristics.

1、杂色鲍又名：九孔螺、九孔鲍、鲍鱼，贝壳呈卵圆形，壳质坚实，壳长80-93mm，宽58-68mm，壳顶钝，位于壳后端，螺旋部矮小，略高于体螺层的壳面，螺层约3层，缝合线浅，自第2螺层中上部开始至体螺层边缘末端。壳表有30多个排成一列整齐而逐渐增大的突起和小孔，前端突起小而不显著，不开孔的突起顶部呈下陷凹窝；有6-9个突起特大，开孔与内部相通，形成呼水孔，有呼吸及排泄作用，亦可从孔道伸出触手。体螺层被突起和小孔隔成的螺肋区，成一宽大的倾斜面，占壳的绝大部分；其表面还生有不甚规则的螺肋和细密的生长线，随着贝壳的生长时期，发达的生长线逐渐形在明显的褶襞。壳表面为绿褐色，或掺有黄、红色形成的杂色斑。但常因附生其他生物，如苔藓虫、石灰虫等，以致往往呈灰褐色。成体壳顶磨损部，显露珍珠光泽，壳内面银白色，珍珠样彩色光泽强。壳口卵圆形，与体螺层大小几相等。体柔软，头部背面两侧各有一细长的触角和有柄的眼各1对，在腹面有一向前伸展的吻，口纵裂于其前端，内有颚片和舌齿，足极发达，口与壳口相等，分为上足和下足两部，下足呈盘状，整个足部背面中央的肌肉隆起呈圆柱状，构成大型的右侧壳肌，背面与贝壳相连。于右侧壳肌下缘，可见一般消化腺为深褐绿色；生殖季节的生殖腺，雌性呈灰绿色，雄性呈乳黄色。无厣。2、皱纹盘鲍又名：虾夷盘鲍、盘大鲍，贝壳呈椭圆形，壳长120-125mm，宽82-85mm，扁平的壳顶位于壳的偏后方，稍高于壳面，螺层约3层，各层间缝合线浅，自第2螺层中部始，具1列由小渐大，沿右至左的螺旋排列的突起，20-30个，至体螺层的边缘，近壳口3-5个突起，开孔与外面相通，形成呼水孔，沿着呼水孔列左下侧面有一条明显的螺沟。壳面深绿褐色，有许多粗糙而不规则的皱纹，较大的贝壳上常有苔藓虫和龙介等形成突起的附着物，壳内面银白色，带珍珠样光泽。3、耳鲍，贝壳较小而扁，呈耳状，壳长65-70mm，壳宽小于壳长的1/2，壳高约相当于壳宽的1/3。壳薄，略扭曲，从第2螺层主体螺层边比有呼水孔列，有30个左右的突起，末端最大的4-7个开孔，以6个开孔较多见，从第2螺层至贝壳边缘有4-5条明显的螺肋。壳面生长线明显，壳表颇为光滑美丽，常呈翠绿色或黄褐色，并布有紫褐色和土黄色三角形斑纹，有的还杂有多种色彩组成的不规则云状斑，壳内面银白色，有淡绿色闪光及珍珠光泽。4、羊鲍又名：台湾石决明。贝壳短宽，较薄，呈扁平卵圆形，壳长80-88mm，最大也可达100mm以上，壳宽约为长的5/7，高级为长的1/4-1/5，壳顶位于近中部，螺旋部与体螺部约各占一半，螺层约4层，从第2螺层至体螺层边缘，有20余个突起，近壳口的4-5个开口，呈管状的呼水孔，其余全盲闭。壳面螺肋宽大使壳面粗糙不平，有时具苔藓虫等形成的疣状突，壳表灰绿色或褐色，散有橙黄色和白色花斑。壳内面银白色，带有青绿的珍珠光泽。

1. The abalone, also known as the nine-hole snail, nine-hole abalone, or abalone, has an oval-shaped shell that is solid and measures 80-93mm in length and 58-68mm in width. The shell is blunt at the top, located at the rear end of the shell. The spiral part is small, slightly higher than the body whorl layer of the shell, with about 3 layers of whorls. The suture line is shallow, starting from the upper part of the second whorl layer to the edge of the body whorl layer. The shell surface has over 30 neatly arranged and gradually increasing protrusions and small holes in a row. There are 6-9 particularly large protrusions that are open and connected internally, forming respiratory and excretory pores, from which tentacles can extend. The body whorl layer is divided by protrusions and small holes into ribbed areas, forming a large sloping surface that occupies the majority of the shell. The surface also has irregular ribs and fine growth lines. As the shell grows, well-developed growth lines gradually form distinct folds. The shell surface is green-brown or mixed with yellow and red spots. However, it often appears gray-brown due to the attachment of other organisms such as moss insects and limpets. The worn top of the shell reveals a pearly luster, while the inner shell surface is silver-white with a strong iridescent luster. The shell aperture is oval and roughly the same size as the body whorl layer. The body is soft, with two long tentacles and stalked eyes on the dorsal side of the head, and a protruding snout on the ventral side with a longitudinal mouth at the front, containing jaws and radula. The foot is well-developed, equal in size to the shell aperture, and divided into upper and lower parts. The lower part is disc-shaped, with a large cylindrical muscle protruding in the center of the back, forming a large right shell muscle connected to the shell. Below the right shell muscle, the digestive gland is generally deep brownish-green. During the reproductive season, the reproductive glands are grayish-green in females and milky yellow in males. No operculum is present.2. The wrinkled abalone, also known as the Ezo abalone or large abalone, has an elliptical shell that is flat, measuring 120-125mm in length and 82-85mm in width. The flattened shell top is located towards the rear of the shell, slightly higher than the shell surface. There are about 3 layers of whorls with shallow suture lines between each layer, starting from the middle of the second whorl layer. There is a row of protrusions arranged in a spiral from small to large, numbering 20-30, extending to the edge of the body whorl layer. Near the shell aperture, there are 3-5 protrusions that are open and connected externally, forming respiratory pores. A distinct spiral groove is present on the left lower side along the row of respiratory pores. The shell surface is deep green-brown with many rough and irregular wrinkles. Larger shells often have protrusions formed by attachments such as moss insects and limpets. The inner shell surface is silver-white with a pearly luster.3. The ear abalone has a small, flat, ear-shaped shell measuring 65-70mm in length, with a width less than half of its length and a height approximately one-third of its width. The thin, slightly twisted shell has a row of respiratory pores from the second whorl layer to the edge of the body whorl layer, with around 30 protrusions, of which the largest 4-7 have openings. There are 4-5 distinct ribs from the second whorl layer to the edge of the shell. The shell surface has clear growth lines, appearing smooth and beautiful, often in emerald green or yellow-brown, with purple-brown and tan triangular spots and irregular cloud-like spots of various colors. The inner shell surface is silver-white with a light green shimmer and a pearly luster.4. The sheep abalone, also known as the Taiwan stone cassia, has a short, wide, and relatively thin shell that is flat-oval, measuring 80-88mm in length, with some reaching over 100mm. The width is about 5/7 of the length, and the height is about 1/4 to 1/5 of the length. The shell top is located near the center, with the spiral part and body whorl part each occupying about half of the shell. There are approximately 4 layers of whorls, with over 20 protrusions from the second whorl layer to the edge of the body whorl layer. 4-5 protrusions near the shell aperture are open, forming tubular respiratory pores, while the rest are completely closed. The wide ribs on the shell surface make it rough and uneven, sometimes with wart-like protrusions formed by attachments such as moss insects. The shell surface is gray-green or brown, with scattered orange-yellow and white spots. The inner shell surface is silver-white with a greenish pearly luster.