马鬃蛇，中药名。为鬣蜥科动物变色树蜥Calotesversicolor(Daudin)的全体。分布于广东、海南、广西、云南等地。具有祛风活血，滋补强壮之功效。常用于腰腿筋骨疼痛，血虚体弱，小儿疳积。
Ma-zong-she, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. the whole body of the Calotes versicolor (Daudin), a member of the Agamidae family. It is distributed in Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan, and other places. It is known for its effects of dispelling wind, promoting blood circulation, nourishing and strengthening the body. It is commonly used for pain in the waist and legs, blood deficiency and weakness, and infantile malnutrition.

功效作用 Efficacy and Functions

祛风活血，滋补强壮。
Dispelling wind and promoting blood circulation, nourishing and strengthening the body.

主治 Indications

用于腰腿筋骨疼痛，血虚体弱，小儿疳积。
Used for pain in the lower back and legs, blood deficiency and physical weakness, and pediatric malnutrition.

用法用量 Dosage and Administration

内服：饮浸酒，每次20-30ml；或蒸熟，每次1-2条；或研末。
Internal administration: Soak in alcohol, 20-30ml each time; or steam thoroughly, 1-2 pieces each time; or grind into powder.

相关论述 Relevant Discussion

《广西药用动物》：“滋补健身，祛风活血。治小儿疳积。”
"Guangxi Medicinal Animals": "Nourishing and strengthening the body, dispelling wind and promoting blood circulation. Used to treat infantile malnutrition."

《中国动物药》：“治腰腿筋骨疼痛，血虚、体弱、小儿疳积。”
"Chinese Animal Medicine": "Used to treat pain in the lower back and legs, blood deficiency, physical weakness, and infantile malnutrition."

临床应用 Clinical Applications

1. 治腰腿筋骨疼痛：马鬃蛇3条，白酒500ml，当归3g。用酒浸马鬃蛇及当归，2个月后饮酒。每次20ml，每日饮2次。（《中国动物药》）

2. Treatment for lumbar and leg pain: 3 pieces of horsehair snake, 500ml of white wine, 3g of Chinese angelica. Soak the horsehair snake and Chinese angelica in wine, and drink the wine after 2 months. Take 20ml each time, twice a day. (From "Chinese Animal Medicine")

3. 治小儿疳积：（马鬃蛇）活体去内脏和皮，切成块，和瘦猪肉同蒸吃，每次1-2条。（马鬃蛇）活体去内脏，烧存性。研末。冲服，或蒸猪肉吃，每次1条。（《广西药用动物》）

4. Treatment for infant malnutrition: Remove the internal organs and skin of the live horsehair snake, cut it into pieces, and steam it with lean pork, 1-2 pieces each time. Remove the internal organs of the live horsehair snake, burn it to ashes, grind it into powder, and take it orally, or steam it with pork to eat, 1 piece each time. (From "Guangxi Medicinal Animals")

加工炮制 Processing and Preparation

采收加工：6-8月捕捉。如果变色树蜥在树上，可用1根4-5m长的细竹竿，末端装一马尾活套（或用胶丝做），利用变色树蜥在爬行或静止时总是抬起头和遇见异物有昂首凝视的习惯，将马尾活套敏捷的套住它的颈部。亦可以将活套在其头前摇晃圈套，它常常昂首而且张牙舞爪，此时将活套往头上猛扣，立即拉回，即可套住。变色树蜥在树上活动时，可用带柄的小网或用手进行追捕和扣捕。捕后装进竹笼或铁丝笼。剖腹、除去内脏，鲜用；或用竹片撑开，在文火上烘干，或晒干。
Capture from June to August. If the color-changing tree lizard is on a tree, you can use a 4-5m long thin bamboo pole with a horsehair noose (or made of rubber thread) at the end. Take advantage of the habit of the color-changing tree lizard to always raise its head and stare when crawling or stationary, and quickly slip the noose around its neck. You can also shake the noose in front of its head to entice it, as it often raises its head and bares its teeth and claws. At this time, quickly loop the noose over its head and pull it back to capture it. When the color-changing tree lizard is active on the tree, you can chase and capture it with a small net with a handle or by hand. After capture, place it in a bamboo cage or wire cage. Eviscerate and remove the internal organs for fresh use, or spread it open with bamboo strips, dry it over a gentle fire, or air dry it.

植物学信息 Zoological Information

动物属种：鬣蜥科动物变色树蜥。
The Variegated Chameleon is a member of the Chamaeleonidae family.

形态特征 Morphological Characteristics

变色树蜥，又名变色鬣蜥（《中国动物图谱》）。体长80-90mm，尾长约为体长的3倍。头较大，吻端钝圆，吻棱明显。眼较小，眼睑发达。瞳孔圆形，鼓膜裸露，无肩褶。体表鳞片呈覆瓦状排列，均具棱，背鳞尖向后，背正中有1列侧扁而直立的鬣鳞，颈部发达，向后渐弱，四肢发达，后肢贴体前伸达鼓膜或眼，前后肢有5指、趾，均具爪。一般为浅棕色或浅棕灰色，背面具5-6条黑棕色横斑，尾部具深浅相间的环纹，眼四周有深色辐射状纹。幼体及雄体体侧有2条浅黄色纵纹。雄性鬣鳞发达，尾基亦比雌性大，喉囊明显。生殖季节雄性头部有时甚至背面也为鲜红色。
The Changeable Lizard, also known as the Changeable Agama (from the "Atlas of Chinese Animals"). It has a body length of 80-90mm, with a tail length approximately three times the body length. It has a relatively large head with a blunt and round snout, and distinct snout ridges. The eyes are relatively small with well-developed eyelids. The pupils are round, the eardrums are exposed, and there are no shoulder folds. The body scales are arranged in a tiled pattern, all with edges. The dorsal scales point backward, and there is a row of flattened and erect crest scales in the middle of the back. The neck is well-developed, gradually weakening towards the back. The limbs are well-developed, with the hind limbs reaching the eardrum or eye when stretched forward, and both the forelimbs and hind limbs have 5 fingers and toes, all with claws. They are generally light brown or light brown-gray, with 5-6 black-brown transverse bands on the back, and the tail has alternating light and dark rings. There are dark radial patterns around the eyes. Juveniles and males have two light yellow longitudinal stripes on the body sides. The males have well-developed crest scales, and the base of the tail is larger than that of the females, with a distinct throat sac. During the breeding season, the heads of males are sometimes even bright red.

分布区域 Distribution Area

分布于广东、海南、广西、云南等地。
Distributed in Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan and other regions.