黄柏，中药名。为芸香科黄檗属植物黄皮树Phellodendron chinense Schneid.的干燥树皮。具有清热燥湿，泻火解毒，除骨蒸的功效。主治湿热带下，热淋涩痛，湿热泻痢，黄疸，湿热脚气，痿证，骨蒸劳热，盗汗，遗精，疮疡肿毒，湿疹瘙痒。
Huang-bai, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. s the dried bark of the plant Phellodendron chinense Schneid., which belongs to the Rutaceae family. It has the functions of clearing heat and drying dampness, purging fire and detoxification, and relieving bone-steaming. It is mainly used for treating damp-heat in the lower part of the body, hot and painful urination, damp-heat diarrhea, jaundice, athlete's foot due to damp-heat, flaccidity syndrome, bone-steaming and heat due to overwork, night sweats, nocturnal emission, ulceration and swelling, and eczema with itching.

功效作用 功能
The efficacy and functions.

清热燥湿，泻火解毒，除骨蒸。主治
Clearing heat and drying dampness, purging fire and detoxifying, and relieving bone steaming. Mainly used for治疗(main treatment of)

1、湿热带下，热淋涩痛：本品苦寒沉降，长于清泻下焦湿热。
In a damp-heat syndrome with symptoms of painful, difficult, and hot urination: this remedy is bitter and cold, and has a descending property, making it effective in clearing and purging damp-heat in the lower burner.

2、湿热泻痢，黄疸：本品清热燥湿之中，善除大肠湿热以治泻痢，可治湿热郁蒸之黄疸。
2. Damp-heat diarrhea, jaundice: This product clears heat and dries dampness, effectively eliminating damp-heat in the large intestine to treat diarrhea, and can also treat jaundice caused by damp-heat accumulation.

3、湿热脚气，痿证：取本品清泄下焦湿热之功，用治湿热下注所致脚气肿痛、瘘证。
3. Damp-heat athlete's foot, flaccidity syndrome: This herb is taken to clear and drain the damp-heat in the lower jiao, and is used to treat swelling and pain of athlete's foot and fistula caused by damp-heat pouring downward.

4、骨蒸劳热，盗汗，遗精：本品主入肾经而善泻相火、退骨蒸，用治阴虚火旺，潮热盗汗、腰酸遗精。
4. Bone-steaming fever, night sweats, and spermatorrhea: This herb mainly enters the kidney meridian and is good at draining excessive fire, alleviating bone-steaming fever. It is used to treat hyperactivity of fire due to yin deficiency, tidal fever with night sweats, lumbago, and spermatorrhea.

5、疮疡肿毒，湿疹瘙痒：取本品既能清热燥湿，又能泻火解毒，用治疮疡肿毒。
5. For ulcers, swelling, and toxins, as well as eczema and itching: this product can not only clear heat and dry dampness, but also relieve fire and detoxify, and can be used to treat ulcers, swelling, and toxins.

6、西医诊为细菌性阴道炎、尿路结石、泌尿系感染、前列腺炎、前列腺增生属于下焦湿热，细菌性痢疾、阿米巴痢疾、急慢性肠炎属于大肠湿热，肝炎、黄疸属于肝胆湿热，肌营养不良、重症肌无力、甲状腺功能亢进、植物神经功能紊乱、遗精属于阴虚火旺者，化脓性感染、湿疹等属于湿热壅盛者。用法用量
6. According to Western medicine, bacterial vaginosis, urinary tract stones, urinary tract infections, prostatitis, and benign prostatic hyperplasia belong to the category of damp-heat in the lower jiao. Bacterial dysentery, amoebic dysentery, acute and chronic enteritis belong to the category of damp-heat in the large intestine. Hepatitis and jaundice belong to the category of damp-heat in the liver and gallbladder. Myasthenia gravis, muscular dystrophy, hyperthyroidism, vegetative neurosis, and spermatorrhea belong to the category of excessive fire due to yin deficiency. Purulent infections, eczema, and others belong to the category of excessive damp-heat. Dosage and administration instructions.

内服：煎服，3-12g。外用：适量。注意事项
Internal use: decoction, 3-12g. External use: appropriate amount. Precautions.

本品苦寒伤胃，脾胃虚寒者忌用。化学成分
This product has a cold and bitter nature, and should be avoided by those with weak spleen and stomach due to cold. Chemical components

黄柏树皮含有小檗碱、黄柏碱、木兰花碱、药根碱、掌叶防己碱等多种生物碱，并含黄柏内酯、黄柏酮、黄柏酮酸及7-脱氢豆甾醇、β-谷甾醇、菜油甾醇等；黄皮树树皮含小檗碱、木兰花碱、黄柏碱、掌叶防己碱等多种生物碱及内酯、甾醇等。药理作用
The bark of Phellodendron amurense contains various alkaloids such as berberine, palmatine, magnoflorine, phellodendrine, and palmatine. It also contains phellodendron lactone, phellodendron ketone, phellodendron ketonic acid, as well as dehydroepiandrosterone, β-sitosterol, and campesterol. The bark of Phellodendron chinense contains alkaloids such as berberine, magnoflorine, palmatine, and phellodendrine, as well as lactones and sterols. These components exhibit pharmacological effects.

本品具有与黄连相似的抗病原微生物作用，对痢疾杆菌、伤寒杆菌、结核杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、溶血性链球菌等多种致病细菌均有抑制作用；对某些皮肤真菌、钩端螺旋体、乙肝表面抗原也有抑制作用；所含药根碱具有与小檗碱相似的正性肌力和抗心律失常作用；黄柏提取物有降压、抗溃疡、镇静、肌松、降血糖及促进小鼠抗体生成等作用。相关论述
This product has a similar antimicrobial effect to coptis, and it has inhibitory effects on various pathogenic bacteria such as Shigella, Salmonella, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Staphylococcus aureus, and hemolytic streptococcus. It also has inhibitory effects on certain skin fungi, spirochetes, and hepatitis B surface antigen. The contained berberine has positive inotropic and antiarrhythmic effects similar to berberine, and the extract of Phellodendron amurense has effects such as lowering blood pressure, anti-ulcer, sedative, muscle relaxation, lowering blood sugar, and promoting antibody production in mice.

1、《神农本草经》：“主五脏肠胃中结热，黄疸，肠痒，止泄利，女子漏下赤白，阴伤蚀疮。”
"The Divine Farmer's Materia Medica" states: "It treats heat accumulation in the five viscera and the stomach, jaundice, intestinal itching, stops diarrhea, treats abnormal vaginal discharge in women, and heals yin-deficiency ulcers."

2、《珍珠囊》：“黄柏之用有六：泻膀胱龙火，一也；利小便结，二也；除下焦湿肿，三也；痢疾先见血，四也；脐中痛，五也；补肾不足，壮骨髓，六也。”临床应用 临床应用
2. "Pearl Capsule": "There are six uses of Huang Bai: the first is to clear the bladder heat, the second is to relieve urinary retention, the third is to eliminate dampness and swelling in the lower abdomen, the fourth is to treat dysentery with blood in the stool, the fifth is for umbilical pain, and the sixth is to tonify the kidneys and strengthen the bone marrow." Clinical application.

1、治湿热下注之带下黄浊臭秽，常配山药、芡实、车前子等，如易黄汤（《傅青主女科》）；若治湿热下注膀胱，小便短赤热痛，常配萆薢、茯苓、车前子等，如萆薢分清饮（《医学心悟》）。

1. For treating damp-heat pouring downward with yellow, turbid, and foul-smelling vaginal discharge, it is often combined with Chinese yam, fox nut, and plantain seed, such as in the Yie Huang Decoction (from "Fu Qing Zhu's Treatise on Gynecology"). If treating damp-heat pouring downward into the bladder, with short, red, and painful urination, it is often combined with bai xie, poria, and plantain seed, such as in the Bai Xie Fen Qing Drink (from "Medical Enlightenment").

2、治泻痢，常配白头翁、黄连、秦皮等药用，如白头翁汤（《伤寒论》）；若配栀子用，可治湿热郁蒸之黄疸，如栀子柏皮汤（《伤寒论》）。
To treat diarrhea and dysentery, commonly used medicinal herbs include Bai Tou Weng, Huang Lian, and Qin Pi. For example, the prescription Bai Tou Weng Tang is mentioned in the "Treatise on Cold Damage Disorders." If combined with Zhi Zi, it can be used to treat jaundice caused by damp-heat accumulation, as seen in the prescription Zhi Zi Bai Pi Tang from the "Treatise on Cold Damage Disorders."

3、治湿热下注所致脚气肿痛、痿证，常配苍术、牛膝用，如三妙丸（《医学心悟》）。若配知母、熟地、龟甲等，可治阴虚火旺之痿证，如虎潜丸（《丹溪心法》）。
3. For athlete's foot swelling and pain caused by damp-heat accumulation leading to flaccidity syndrome, it is often combined with Atractylodes and Achyranthes, as in the case of San Miao Wan (from "Medical Enlightenment"). If combined with Anemarrhena, Rehmannia, and tortoise shell, it can treat flaccidity syndrome due to excessive yin deficiency and vigorous fire, as in the case of Hu Qian Wan (from "Danxi's Methods of Treatment").

4、治阴虚火旺，潮热盗汗、腰酸遗精，常与知母相须为用，并配生地黄、山药等，如知柏地黄丸（《医宗金鉴》）；或配熟地黄、龟甲，如大补阴丸（《丹溪心法》）。
4. For treating deficiency of yin with excessive fire, manifested as tidal fever, night sweats, soreness in the lower back, and spermatorrhea, it is often necessary to use Zhimu (Anemarrhena rhizome) in combination with Shengdi (Rehmannia root), Shan Yao (Chinese yam), and other herbs, as seen in prescriptions such as Zhimu Dihuang Wan (from "Yi Zong Jin Jian") or Da Bu Yin Wan (from "Dan Xi Xin Fa"), which may also include Shu Di Huang (processed Rehmannia root) and Gui Jia (turtle shell).

5、治疮疡肿毒，内服外用均可，如黄连解毒汤（《外台秘要》）以本品配黄芩、黄连、栀子煎服；又如二黄散（《痈疽神验秘方》）以本品配大黄为末，醋调外搽；治湿疹瘙痒，可配荆芥、苦参、白鲜皮等煎服；亦可配煅石膏等份为末，外撒或油调搽患处，如石黄散（《青囊秘传》）。相关配伍
5. For treating abscesses, ulcers, and swellings, both internal and external applications can be used. For example, the Huanglian Jiedu Decoction (from "Wai Tai Mi Yao") combines this herb with Huangqin, Huanglian, and Zhizi for oral administration; and the Erhuang Powder (from "Yongju Shenyi Mifang") combines this herb with Da Huang as a powder, mixed with vinegar for external application. For treating eczema and itching, it can be combined with herbs such as Jingjie, Kushen, and Bai Xian Pi for oral administration; or combined with calcined Gypsum in powder form for external application or mixed with oil for topical use, as in the Shi Huang San (from "Qing Nang Mi Chuan"). These are related combinations.

1、黄柏配白头翁：黄柏长于泻肾火，清下焦湿热；白头翁入胃大肠经，能入血分清肠热善除肠胃热毒蕴结，为治热痢要药。二药相须为用，泻热燥湿清肠解毒之力大增。适用于湿热痢疾。
Huang Bai combined with Bai Tou Weng: Huang Bai is effective in clearing kidney fire, purging damp-heat from the lower burner; Bai Tou Weng enters the stomach and large intestine meridians, enters the blood to clear intestinal heat, and is good at eliminating the accumulation of heat toxins in the intestines and stomach, making it an essential medicine for treating heat dysentery. When these two medicines are used together, their combined power to clear heat, dry dampness, cleanse the intestines, and detoxify is greatly enhanced. This combination is suitable for damp-heat dysentery.

2、黄柏配细辛：黄柏以泻肾火，清下焦湿热为专长；细辛辛温性烈，上疏头风，下通肾气，并能通窍止痛。二药配伍，寒热并用，相辅相成，细辛温性被黄柏所抑，但能入少阴通肾气而开窍，利于行水气，助黄柏泻相火，清湿热。适用于尿频尿急而排尿不畅及尿路疼痛者。
2. Phellodendron and Asarum Combination: Phellodendron specializes in clearing kidney fire and eliminating damp-heat in the lower burner, while Asarum, with its pungent and warm nature, disperses wind in the head, promotes the flow of kidney qi, and can relieve pain by opening the orifices. When these two herbs are combined, the cold and hot properties complement each other, with Asarum's warmth being restrained by Phellodendron. Asarum can enter the Shaoyin meridian to promote the flow of kidney qi and open the orifices, facilitating the movement of water and qi, and assisting Phellodendron in clearing excessive fire and damp-heat. This combination is suitable for those with frequent and urgent urination, difficult urination, and urinary tract pain.

3、黄柏配肉桂：黄柏苦寒，清相火而燥湿坚阴；肉桂辛甘大热，温补肾阳，益火消阴。二药相须为用，温阳化气而不生邪热，能使阳入于阴，燥湿清热而不寒滞，使阴出于阳。适用于肾阳不足、气化不利、湿热内停所致的小便不利、尿闭。
3. Coptis and Cinnamon Combination: Coptis is bitter and cold, it clears heat and dries dampness, and solidifies yin. Cinnamon is pungent, sweet, and greatly hot, it warms and tonifies kidney yang, and supplements fire while dispelling yin. These two herbs are used together to warm yang and transform qi without generating pathogenic heat, allowing yang to enter yin, drying dampness and clearing heat without causing stagnation, and promoting yin to emerge from yang. This combination is suitable for conditions of insufficiency of kidney yang, poor transformation of qi, and urinary difficulties due to internal damp-heat and urinary retention.

4、黄柏配苍术：黄柏苦寒，气味俱厚，性沉而降，以清下焦湿热为长；苍术味辛主散，性温而燥，化湿运脾，祛风除湿，通治内外湿邪。二药配伍，苍术得黄柏，燥湿之力大增；黄柏得苍术，以温制寒，清热而不致损阳。二药相使相制，并走于下，清热燥湿之功显著。适用于热痹，湿热下注之筋骨肿痛、下肢痿软，湿热带下及湿疹等。
4. Phellodendron and Atractylodes Combination: Phellodendron is bitter and cold, with a strong aroma, and has a sinking and descending nature. It is particularly effective in clearing damp-heat in the lower burner. Atractylodes, with its pungent taste, disperses and has a warm and drying nature, promoting the transformation of dampness by the spleen, dispelling wind and eliminating dampness, and is effective in treating both internal and external damp pathogenic factors. When these two herbs are combined, Atractylodes benefits from the addition of Phellodendron, greatly enhancing its damp-drying power. Phellodendron, on the other hand, benefits from Atractylodes by tempering its cold nature, clearing heat without damaging yang. The two herbs work together and counteract each other, descending to clear heat and dry dampness, showing remarkable effects in treating conditions such as hot bi syndrome, swelling and pain of the tendons and bones due to the downward flow of damp-heat, weakness and flaccidity of the lower limbs, damp-heat in the lower burner, and eczema.

5、黄柏配龟甲：黄柏性寒沉降而润，长于泻相火而救肾水；龟甲性凉，气味厚浊，为纯阴之品，入肝肾，能补肝肾而滋阴降火。二药相须为用，养阴而不敛邪，清利而不伤阴，滋中有降，清中有补，标本兼施，共奏滋阴降火之功。适用于肝肾不足、阴虚火旺之骨蒸劳热、盗汗、遗精、腰膝酸软、筋骨不健等。鉴别用药
5. Coptis and Turtle Shell Combination: Coptis has a cold and sinking nature, which nourishes and descends to clear excess fire and tonify kidney water. Turtle shell has a cooling nature with a thick and turbid essence, representing pure yin, and enters the liver and kidney, nourishing the liver and kidney, nourishing yin, and descending fire. These two herbs are used together to nourish yin without constraining pathogenic factors, to clear and promote without injuring yin, to tonify the middle while descending, and to clear the middle while tonifying. By addressing both the root and the branch, they work together to nourish yin and descend fire. This combination is suitable for conditions such as liver and kidney deficiency, excessive fire due to yin deficiency, bone-steaming and fatigue, night sweats, spermatorrhea, soreness and weakness of the lower back and knees, and weakness of tendons and bones. Differentiation of medicinal use is required.

1、生黄柏、盐黄柏、酒黄柏、黄柏炭：生黄柏苦燥性寒而沉，泻火解毒、燥湿作用较强，多用于湿热痢疾、黄疸、热淋、足膝肿痛、疮疡肿毒、湿疹等。盐黄柏苦燥之性缓和，滋阴降火、退虚热作用较强，主治阴虚发热、骨蒸盗汗、遗精、足膝痿软、咳嗽咯血。酒黄柏苦寒之性降低，免伤脾阳，并借酒升腾之力，引药上行，善清上焦之热，用治热壅上焦之目赤、咽喉肿痛、口舌生疮及赤白带下。黄柏炭清湿热之中兼具涩性，多用于便血、崩漏下血。

1. Coptis Rhizome, Salt-Processed Coptis Rhizome, Wine-Processed Coptis Rhizome, Coptis Rhizome Charcoal: Coptis Rhizome has a bitter, dry, cold, and sinking nature. It has strong effects in clearing heat, detoxification, and drying dampness. It is commonly used for damp-heat dysentery, jaundice, hot lin syndrome, swelling and pain in the feet and knees, abscesses, and eczema. Salt-Processed Coptis Rhizome has a milder nature compared to raw Coptis Rhizome. It has strong effects in nourishing yin, reducing fire, and treating deficiency heat. It is mainly used for yin deficiency fever, night sweats, spermatorrhea, weakness and flaccidity of the lower limbs, coughing with blood. Wine-Processed Coptis Rhizome has a reduced bitter and cold nature, it protects the spleen yang and utilizes the lifting power of wine to guide the herbs upward. It is effective in clearing upper heat, treating red eyes, sore throat, oral ulcers, and abnormal vaginal discharge caused by heat stagnation in the upper burner. Coptis Rhizome Charcoal has the combined properties of clearing damp-heat and astringency, and is commonly used for bloody stools and excessive menstrual bleeding.

2、黄芩、黄连、黄柏：三药均味苦性寒，功能清热燥湿，泻火解毒，常相须为用，治湿热、火毒诸证，如湿热泻痢、湿热黄疸、热毒痈肿、目赤肿痛、血热吐衄及其他诸脏腑火热证。不同的是：黄芩主入肺与大肠经，兼入胃与胆等经，作用偏于上焦及大肠，善清肺与大肠之火，且止血作用显著，尤善治温病热入气营血分、肺热咳喘、湿温、暑湿、湿热中阻、湿热淋痛及痔漏便血；还能清热安胎，治胎热之胎动不安。黄连大苦大寒，主入心胃，兼归肝与大肠等经，作用偏于心及中焦，善清心胃之火，除中焦湿热，尤善治温病热入营血之神昏谵语、心烦不寐、胃火牙痛、口舌生疮、肝火犯胃呕吐吞酸、湿热痞满，以及胃火炽盛消谷善饥；此外，少量用尚能健胃，与健脾胃药同用，可治脾胃虚弱。黄柏药力不及黄连，主入肾与膀胱经，作用偏于下焦，善清相（肾）火，退虚热，除下焦湿热，尤善治阴虚火旺、骨蒸潮热，以及下焦湿热之尿闭、淋浊、带下、阴痒、足膝肿痛及脚气等。
2. Scutellaria, Coptis, Phellodendron: All three herbs have a bitter taste and cold properties, and function to clear heat, dry dampness, and relieve toxicity. They are often used together to treat damp-heat and fire-toxin conditions, such as damp-heat diarrhea, damp-heat jaundice, heat-toxin abscesses, red and swollen eyes with pain, blood heat vomiting nosebleeds, and other internal organ heat conditions. The differences are as follows: Scutellaria mainly enters the lung and large intestine meridians, and also enters the stomach and gallbladder meridians, with its action focusing on the upper and large intestine, effectively clearing the fire in the lungs and large intestine, and has a significant hemostatic effect. It is especially good at treating warm diseases with heat entering the qi, camp, and blood, lung heat cough and asthma, damp-heat, summer dampness, damp-heat obstruction in the middle, damp-heat painful urination, and hemorrhoids with bleeding. It can also clear heat and calm the fetus, treating restless fetal movement due to fetal heat. Coptis is extremely bitter and cold, mainly entering the heart and stomach meridians, and also entering the liver and large intestine meridians, with its action focusing on the heart and middle burner, effectively clearing the fire in the heart and stomach, and eliminating damp-heat in the middle burner. It is especially good at treating warm diseases with heat entering the camp and blood, causing delirium, restlessness, toothache due to stomach fire, mouth ulcers, liver fire attacking the stomach causing vomiting, acid regurgitation, damp-heat distention, and excessive stomach fire consuming grains leading to excessive hunger. In addition, a small amount can also invigorate the stomach, and when used together with spleen-stomach tonics, it can treat spleen and stomach weakness. Phellodendron's medicinal properties are not as strong as Coptis, mainly entering the kidney and bladder meridians, with its action focusing on the lower burner, effectively clearing the kidney fire, reducing deficient heat, and eliminating damp-heat in the lower burner. It is especially good at treating yin deficiency with vigorous fire, bone-steaming heat, as well as lower burner damp-heat causing urinary retention, turbid urine, leukorrhea, vaginal itching, swelling and pain in the knees and legs, and athlete's foot.

3、知母与黄柏：二者均苦寒而能清热泻火，退虚热，治阴虚内热证时每相须为用，如知柏地黄丸。然知母甘寒质润，尤善清泻肺胃气分实火，又兼滋阴润燥之功，清中寓补，治阴虚内热证可奏标本兼顾之效。黄柏苦寒较甚，以清热燥湿为主，兼能泻火解毒，多用于湿热、实火及热毒证；若用于退虚热，则以治标降火为主，常配补肾养阴之品。相关药品
3. Zhimu and Huangbai: Both are bitter and cold, capable of clearing heat and draining fire, and treating deficiency heat. They are often used together, such as in the formula Zhibai Dihuang Wan. However, Zhimu has a sweet and cold nature with moistening properties, particularly effective in clearing and draining lung and stomach heat, as well as nourishing yin and moistening dryness. It has the dual function of clearing and tonifying, making it effective in treating deficiency heat while addressing the root cause. Huangbai is more bitter and colder, mainly used to clear heat and dampness, as well as to drain fire and detoxify. It is commonly used for damp-heat, excess fire, and heat-toxin conditions. When used to treat deficiency heat, it is primarily focused on reducing fire, often combined with kidney-tonifying and yin-nourishing herbs. These are related medicinal materials.

白带丸、泌尿宁颗粒、湿热痹颗粒（片）、如意金黄散、九圣散。相关方剂
Baodai Pill, Micturition Peace Granules, Damp-heat Bi Granules (Tablets), Ruyi Golden Powder, and Jiusheng Powder. These are related prescriptions.

易黄汤（《傅青主女科》）、萆薢分清饮（《杨氏家藏方》）、白头翁汤（《伤寒论》）、三妙丸（《医学正传》）、知柏地黄丸（《医方考》）。药膳食疗
Yi Huang Tang (Prescription for Women by Fu Qingzhu), Bi Xie Fen Qing Yin (Prescriptions from the Yang Family Collection), Bai Tou Weng Tang (Treatise on Cold Damage), San Miao Wan (Medical Revelations), Zhi Bai Di Huang Wan (Medical Formulas Examined). Medicinal diet therapy.

1、赤豆牛膝黄柏茶：
Red bean, Achyranthes bidentata, and Phellodendron amurense tea:

（1）功效：清热利湿、解毒消肿。主治湿热下注而致的下肢丹毒、红肿疼痛。
(1) Efficacy: Clearing heat, promoting diuresis, detoxifying, and reducing swelling. It is used to treat lower limb erysipelas, redness, and pain caused by damp-heat accumulation.

（2）原材料：赤小豆15克，牛膝、川柏各10克。
(2) Ingredients: 15g of adzuki beans, 10g each of achyranthes and eucommia bark.

（3）做法：将赤小豆、牛膝、川柏，捣成粗末，置保暖瓶中，冲入沸水适量，加盖焖20分钟后热服。
(3) Method: Grind red adzuki beans, achyranthes, and sichuan chinaberry into coarse powder, place them in a thermos, pour in a suitable amount of boiling water, cover and let it steep for 20 minutes before consuming while hot.

（4）用法：频频代茶饮用，每曰1剂。
Usage: Drink the tea frequently, once a day.

2、鼻渊黄柏茶：
2. Nasal Congestion Huangbai Tea:

（1）功效：清热燥湿、解毒通窍。主治：“鼻窒”、“鼻渊”而引起的鼻塞日久、脓涕不断、鼻黏膜红肿，或伴寒热头痛、眉额胀痛。相当于现代医学之慢性鼻炎、副鼻窦炎。亦可用于化脓性中耳炎。
(1) Efficacy: Clearing heat and dampness, detoxifying and opening the orifices. It is used to treat long-term nasal congestion, continuous purulent nasal discharge, and nasal mucosal swelling caused by "nasal obstruction" and "rhinitis", or accompanied by chills, fever, headache, and swelling pain in the forehead. It is equivalent to modern medicine's chronic rhinitis and sinusitis. It can also be used for suppurative otitis media.

（2）原材料：龙井茶15克，川黄柏9克。
(2) Ingredients: 15g Longjing tea, 9g Phellodendron bark.

（3）做法：上药研为细末，置热水瓶中用适量沸水冲泡，加盖焖15分钟。
Method: Grind the herbs into a fine powder, place them in a thermos, pour in an appropriate amount of boiling water, cover and let it steep for 15 minutes.

（4）用法：代茶饮用。每日1剂：或将细末直接吹入两侧鼻腔内，每日2-3次。
Usage: For oral administration with tea. Daily dosage: Or blow the fine powder directly into both sides of the nasal cavity, 2-3 times a day.

3、黄柏知母酒：
Huang Bai Zhi Mu Wine:

（1）功效：滋阴降火。主治阴虚火旺、骨蒸劳热、年老之人足膝疼痛、软弱无力。
(1) Efficacy: Nourishing yin and reducing fire. It is used to treat conditions such as yin deficiency with excessive fire, bone-steaming and fatigue heat, as well as foot and knee pain in the elderly, weakness and lack of strength.

（2）原材料：黄柏40克，知母40克，龟板40克，黄酒1升。
(2) Ingredients: 40g of Huang Bai, 40g of Zhi Mu, 40g of Gui Ban, 1 liter of yellow rice wine.

（3）做法：黄柏炒成褐色知母炒约10分钟，龟板炙酥。以上三味，共研粗末，入纱布袋中，扎口，浸入酒中封口。浸泡15日后，过滤去渣留液，备用。
Method: Fry Huangbai until it turns brown, fry Zhimu for about 10 minutes, and roast Guiban until crispy. Grind the above three ingredients into coarse powder, put them in a gauze bag, tie the mouth, and immerse it in alcohol and seal the mouth. After soaking for 15 days, filter out the residue, retain the liquid, and set aside.

（4）用法：每日1次，每次10毫升，午饭后饮用。加工炮制 采收加工
Usage: Take 10 milliliters once daily, after lunch. Processing method: collected and processed.

4-7月剥取树皮，刮去粗皮，干燥。炮制方法
From April to July, peel the bark, scrape off the rough skin, and dry it. Processing method.

1、黄柏：取原药材除去杂质，抢水洗净，润透，切丝，干燥。

1. Huang Bai: Take the original medicinal material, remove impurities, rinse thoroughly with water, moisten, cut into shreds, and dry.

2、炒黄柏：取净黄柏丝，置锅内，用文火炒至微焦，取出放凉。
2. Stir-fry Huangbai: Take clean Huangbai (Phellodendri Chinensis) filaments, place them in a pot, stir-fry over low heat until slightly charred, then remove and let cool.

3、盐炒黄柏：取净黄柏丝，用盐水拌匀，闷润至尽，置锅内，用文火炒干，取出放凉。
3. Stir-fried Amur Cork Tree Bark with Salt: Take clean Amur Cork Tree bark filaments, mix well with salt water, and let it sit until fully moistened. Then place it in a pot and stir-fry over low heat until dry. Remove from the pot and let it cool.

4、酒炒黄柏：取净黄柏丝，用黄酒拌匀，闷润至尽，置锅内，用文火炒干，取出放凉。
4. Wine-fried Huangbai: Take clean Huangbai silk, mix it evenly with yellow wine, and let it moisten until fully absorbed. Then place it in a pot, stir-fry over gentle heat until dry, and remove to cool.

5、黄柏炭：取净黄柏丝，置热锅内，用武火炒至表面焦黑色，内部焦褐色喷淋清水少许，灭尽火星，取出，晾干，凉透。保存方法
5. Charred Phellodendron Bark: Take clean Phellodendron bark filaments and place them in a hot pot. Stir-fry over high heat until the surface turns black, and the inside turns dark brown. Sprinkle a little water to extinguish any sparks, then remove and let it dry thoroughly. Store in a cool, dry place.

置通风干燥处，防潮。药材鉴别 鉴别
Place in a well-ventilated and dry area to prevent moisture. Identify the medicinal materials. Identify.

1、本品粉末鲜黄色。纤维鲜黄色，直径16-38μm，常成束，周围细胞含草酸钙方晶，形成晶纤维；含晶细胞壁木化增厚。石细胞鲜黄色，类圆形或纺锤形，直径35-128μm，有的呈分枝状，枝端锐尖，壁厚，层纹明显；有的可见大型纤维状的石细胞，长可达900μm。草酸钙方晶众多。

1. This product is a fresh yellow powder. The fibers are fresh yellow, with a diameter of 16-38μm, often forming bundles. The surrounding cells contain calcium oxalate prisms, forming crystal fibers, and the crystal-containing cell walls are thickened by lignification. The stone cells are fresh yellow, mostly round or spindle-shaped, with a diameter of 35-128μm. Some are branched, with sharp pointed ends, thick walls, and distinct layers. Large fiber-like stone cells, up to 900μm in length, can also be observed. There are numerous calcium oxalate prisms present.

2、取本品粉末0.2g，加1%醋酸甲醇溶液40ml，于60℃超声处理20分钟，滤过，滤液浓缩至2ml，作为供试品溶液。另取黄柏对照药材0.1g，加1%醋酸甲醇20ml，同法制成对照药材溶液。再取盐酸黄柏碱对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含0.5mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述三种溶液各3-5μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以三氯甲烷-甲醇-水（30∶15∶4）的下层溶液为展开剂，置氨蒸气饱和的展开缸内，展开，取出，晾干，喷以稀碘化铋钾试液。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱和对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。药材性状
Take 0.2g of the powder of the test substance, add 40ml of 1% acetic acid methanol solution, and sonicate at 60°C for 20 minutes. Filter the solution, concentrate the filtrate to 2ml, and use it as the test solution. Take 0.1g of Cortex Phellodendri as the control medicinal material, add 20ml of 1% acetic acid methanol, and prepare the control medicinal material solution by the same method. Then take berberine hydrochloride as the reference standard, add methanol to make a solution containing 0.5mg per 1ml, and use it as the reference standard solution. Perform thin-layer chromatography (General Rule 0502) test, take 3-5μl of each of the above three solutions, spot them separately on the same silica gel G plate, use a lower layer solution of chloroform-methanol-water (30:15:4) as the developing agent, place it in a chamber saturated with ammonia vapor, develop, take it out, dry it, and spray with a dilute iodoplatinate potassium reagent. In the chromatogram of the test substance, spots of the same color appear at the corresponding positions of the chromatograms of the control medicinal material and the reference standard. Characteristics of the medicinal material.

1、川黄柏：树皮呈浅槽状或板片状，略弯曲，长宽不一，厚3-6mm，外表面黄褐色或黄棕色，平坦或具纵沟纹，有的可见残存的灰褐色粗皮及唇形横生皮孔。内表面暗黄色或淡棕色，具细密的纵棱纹。体轻，质硬，断面皮层略呈颗粒状，韧皮部纤维状，呈裂片状分层，深黄色。气微，味极苦，嚼之有黏性。

1. Phellodendron Bark: The bark is shallowly grooved or plate-shaped, slightly curved, with varying lengths and widths, and 3-6mm thick. The outer surface is yellow-brown or yellow-brown, flat or with longitudinal grooves, and some may have remnants of gray-brown coarse bark and lip-shaped transverse pores. The inner surface is dark yellow or light brown, with fine longitudinal ridges. It is lightweight, hard in texture, and the cross-section of the bark layer is slightly granular, while the fibrous bark is layered and deep yellow in color. It has a faint aroma, an extremely bitter taste, and a sticky texture when chewed.

2、关黄柏：厚2-4mm。外表面黄绿色或淡棕黄色，较平坦，有不规则的纵裂纹，皮孔痕小而少见，偶有灰白色的粗皮残留。内表面黄色或黄棕色。体轻，质较硬，断面鲜黄色或黄绿色。饮片性状
2. Cortex Phellodendri: 2-4mm thick. The outer surface is yellow-green or light brown-yellow, relatively flat, with irregular longitudinal cracks, small and infrequent pore marks, and occasional gray-white rough skin residue. The inner surface is yellow or yellow-brown. It is light in weight, relatively hard in texture, and the cross-section is bright yellow or yellow-green. Characteristics of medicinal slices.

1、黄柏：为微卷曲的丝状，外表面黄绿色或淡棕黄色，较平坦，内表面黄色或黄棕色。体轻，质坚硬，切面鲜黄色。气微，味苦。

1. Huang Bai: It is thread-like and slightly curled, with a yellow-green or light brownish-yellow outer surface, relatively flat, and a yellow or yellow-brown inner surface. It is light in weight, hard in texture, and has a fresh yellow color when cut. It has a mild scent and a bitter taste.

2、炒黄柏：形如黄柏丝，色泽加深，质焦脆。
2. Stir-fry Huangbai: The appearance is like yellow silk, the color deepens, and the texture becomes crispy.

3、盐黄柏：形如黄柏丝，表面深黄色，偶有焦斑，略具咸味。
3. Salted Phellodendron Bark: It is similar in appearance to Phellodendron bark, with a deep yellow color and occasional scorch marks, and a slightly salty taste.

4、酒黄柏：形如黄柏丝，表面深黄色，偶有焦斑，略具酒气。
4. Wine-processed Phellodendron Bark: It is similar in appearance to Phellodendron bark, with a deep yellow surface and occasional scorch marks, and a slight wine aroma.

5、黄柏炭：形如黄柏丝，表面焦黑色，内部焦褐色，质轻而脆，味微苦涩。常见伪品
5. Charred Huangbai: It has a shape similar to the threads of Huangbai, with a charred black surface and a brownish charred interior. It is light and brittle, with a slightly bitter and astringent taste. Counterfeit products are commonly found.

伪品：
Counterfeit:

1、山杨皮：为杨柳科植物山杨PopulusdavidianaDode去掉木栓层的树皮，经黄色染料染色加工而成。呈大小不等的板片，色较淡，且不均匀，切面稍纤维性裂片分层，味淡，不苦。

1. Shanyangpi: Shanyangpi is the bark of the Populus davidiana Dode, a plant of the Salicaceae family. It is processed by removing the cork layer, dyeing it with yellow dye, and then processing it. It appears as unevenly sized pieces or plates, with a light and uneven color. The cross-section shows a slightly fibrous and layered texture, with a mild and non-bitter taste.

2、川楝皮：为楝科植物川楝Meliatoosendansieb.etZune去掉木栓层的树皮。呈板片状，大小不一，厚1-4mm，外表面浅黄棕色，内表面黄白色，具不规则黄白不一纵向纹理，质韧，难折断，断面纤维性，易成片剥离。味苦。植物学信息 植物种属
2. Chuanlianpi: The bark of the Melia toosendan tree, a plant of the Meliaceae family. It is obtained by removing the cork layer from the tree bark. It is in the form of irregularly sized, 1-4mm thick, yellow-brown outer surface and yellow-white inner surface, with irregular longitudinal textures. It is tough, difficult to break, and has a fibrous texture, and can be easily peeled off in layers. It has a bitter taste. Botanical information: Plant species.

芸香科黄檗属植物黄皮树。形态特征
The plant belongs to the Rutaceae family and the Phellodendron genus. Its morphological characteristics include...

乔木，高达20余米，胸径1m；树皮薄，浅灰褐色，纵裂成条片；枝条向上伸展或斜展，幼树树冠卵状尖塔形，老树树冠则为广圆形；生鳞叶的小枝细，向上直展或斜展，扁平，排成一平面。叶鳞形，长1-3mm，先端微钝，小枝中央的叶的露出部分呈倒卵状菱形或斜方形，背面中间有条状腺槽，两侧的叶船形，先端微内曲，背部有钝脊，尖头的下方有腺点。雄球花黄色，卵圆形，长约2mm；雌球花近球形，径约2mm，蓝绿色，被白粉。球果近卵圆形，长1.5-2（-2.5）cm，成熟前近肉质，蓝绿色，被白粉，成熟后木质，开裂，红褐色；中间两对种鳞倒卵形或椭圆形，鳞背顶端的下方有一向外弯曲的尖头，上部1对种鳞窄长，近柱状，顶端有向上的尖头，下部1对种鳞极小，长达13mm，稀退化而不显著；种子卵圆形或近椭圆形，顶端微尖，灰褐色或紫褐色，长6-8mm，稍有棱脊，无翅或有极窄之翅。花期3-4月，球果10月成熟。分布区域
The tree is tall, reaching over 20 meters in height, with a trunk diameter of 1 meter. The bark is thin, light gray-brown, and longitudinally fissured into strips. The branches extend upward or obliquely, with the crown of young trees being conical or pyramidal, and that of old trees being broadly rounded. The twigs bearing scale leaves are slender, extending upward or obliquely, flat, and arranged in a single plane. The scale leaves are 1-3mm long, with slightly blunt tips, and the exposed part of the central leaf on the twig is inverted ovate-rhombic or oblique-quadrangular, with a linear glandular groove on the back, boat-shaped on both sides, slightly incurved at the tip, with a blunt ridge on the back and a glandular point below the tip. The male cones are yellow, oval, about 2mm long; the female cones are nearly spherical, about 2mm in diameter, bluish-green, and covered with white powder. The cones are nearly ovate, 1.5-2(-2.5)cm long, nearly fleshy and bluish-green before maturity, covered with white powder, and woody and reddish-brown after maturity, with a cracked appearance. The two pairs of seed scales in the middle are inverted ovate or elliptic, with a curved point below the top of the scale back, a narrow and elongated upper pair with an upward-pointing tip, and a very small lower pair, up to 13mm long, which is often degenerate and inconspicuous. The seeds are oval or nearly elliptical, slightly pointed at the top, gray-brown or purplish-brown, 6-8mm long, slightly ridged, and wingless or with extremely narrow wings. The flowering period is from March to April, and the cones mature in October. Distribution area: [missing information]

分布于浙江、江西、湖北、广西、四川、贵州、云南、陕西、南部等地。道地产区
Distributed in Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hubei, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Shaanxi, and other southern regions. Authentic production area.

川黄柏主产于四川、贵州、湖北、云南等地，关黄柏主产于辽宁、吉林、河北等地。
Coptis root is mainly produced in Sichuan, Guizhou, Hubei, Yunnan, while Phellodendron bark is mainly produced in Liaoning, Jilin, Hebei, and other regions.