荸荠，中药名。为莎草科荸荠属植物荸荠Eleocharis dulcis （Burm.f.） Trin.ex Henschel[E.tuberosa Roem et Schudt.; E.plantaginea R.Brown.]，以球茎及地上部分入药。具有清热，化痰，消积的功效。主治愠病消渴，黄疸，热淋，痞积，目赤，嚼喉肿痛，赘疣。
Bi-qi, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. Eleocharis dulcis) is a plant of the sedge family. Its tubers and above-ground parts are used in traditional Chinese medicine. It is believed to have the effects of clearing heat, resolving phlegm, and dissipating nodules. It is mainly used to treat irritability and thirst, jaundice, hot urinary dysfunction, accumulation and obstruction in the abdomen, red eyes, swollen and painful throat, and warts.

功效作用 功能
The efficacy and functions.

清热，化痰，消积。主治
Clearing heat, resolving phlegm, and promoting digestion. Mainly used to treat...

主治治愠病消渴，黄疸，热淋，痞积，目赤，嚼喉肿痛，赘疣。①《别录》："主消渴，痹热，热中，益气。"②孟诜："消风毒，除胸中实热气；可作粉食，明耳目，止渴，消疸黄。"③《日华子本草》："开胃下食。"④《日用本草》："下五淋，泻胃热。"⑤《滇南本草》："治腹中热痰，大肠下血。"⑥《本草汇编》："疗五种膈气，消宿食，饭后宜食之。"⑦《纲目》："主血痢、下血、血崩。"⑧《本经逢原》："治酒客肺胃湿热，声音不清。"⑨《北砚食规》："荸荠粉：清心，开翳。"⑩《本草再新》："清心降火，补肺凉肝，消食化痰，破积滞，利藏血。"用法用量
This herb is used to treat irritability, excessive thirst, jaundice, hot urinary dysfunction, abdominal distention, red eyes, swollen and painful throat, and warts. According to various sources:1. "Compendium of Materia Medica": It is used to treat excessive thirst, rheumatic heat, internal heat, and tonify qi.2. Meng Shen: It dispels wind toxins, eliminates heat in the chest, can be used as a powder for consumption, brightens the eyes and ears, relieves thirst, and treats jaundice.3. "Rihuazi Materia Medica": It stimulates the appetite and aids digestion.4. "Daily Use Materia Medica": It treats hot urinary dysfunction and purges stomach heat.5. "Yunnan Materia Medica": It treats hot phlegm in the abdomen and lower intestinal bleeding.6. "Compendium of Materia Medica": It treats five types of diaphragm qi, aids in digestion of residual food, and is suitable for consumption after meals.7. "Outline": It is used to treat bloody dysentery, lower gastrointestinal bleeding, and hemorrhage.8. "Original Classic of Materia Medica": It treats damp-heat in the lungs and stomach of alcoholics, and unclear voice.9. "Beiyanshigui": Lily root powder: Clears the heart and removes opacity.10. "Revised Materia Medica": It clears the heart and reduces fire, nourishes the lungs and cools the liver, aids digestion and transforms phlegm, breaks up stagnation, and benefits the storage of blood.Dosage and administration: Not provided.

内服：煎汤，60-120g；或嚼食；或捣汁；或浸酒，或澄粉。外用：适量，煅存性研末撒；或澄粉点目：或生用涂擦。注意事项
Internal use: Decoction, 60-120g; or chew; or pound into juice; or soak in alcohol, or make into powder. External use: appropriate amount, calcine and grind into powder for sprinkling; or make into powder for eye application; or use directly for topical application. Precautions.

虚寒及血虚者慎服。①孟瓷："有冷气，不可食，令人腹胀气满。"②《医学入门》："得生姜良。"③《本经逢原》："虚劳咳嗽切禁。以其峻削肺气，兼耗营血，故孕妇血渴忌之。"④《随息居饮食谱》："中气虚寒者忌之。"化学成分
Caution should be taken by those with deficiency-cold and blood deficiency. ①Meng Ci: "It has a cold nature and should not be consumed, as it can cause abdominal distention and bloating." ②"Introduction to Medicine": "It is good to use fresh ginger." ③"Original Classic of Medicine": "It should be avoided by those with deficiency-induced cough, as it can exacerbate lung qi and deplete nourishing blood. Therefore, pregnant women with blood deficiency should avoid it." ④"Dietary Prescriptions for Health Maintenance": "It should be avoided by those with deficiency of middle qi and cold nature." Chemical composition

含一种不耐热的抗菌成分-荸荠英。一般成分含水分68.52％，淀粉18.75％，蛋白质2.25％，脂肪0.19％，灰分1.58％。药理作用
The antibacterial ingredient in it is heat-sensitive - diosgenin. The general composition contains 68.52% moisture, 18.75% starch, 2.25% protein, 0.19% fat, and 1.58% ash. Pharmacological action

荸荠英对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌及产气杆菌均有抑制作用。不耐热，不溶于有机溶媒，不被动物炭吸附。用瓦伯氏仪测得，它能抑制大肠杆菌的呼吸达80%(10小时后)。相关论述
Atractylodes rhizome has inhibitory effects on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Clostridium perfringens. It is heat-sensitive, insoluble in organic solvents, and not adsorbed by animal charcoal. When measured with a Warburg apparatus, it was found to inhibit the respiration of Escherichia coli by 80% (after 10 hours). This is supported by relevant literature.

1、《纲目》：按王氏《博济方》治五积冷气攻心，变为五膈诸病，金锁丸中用黑三棱，注云即凫茈干者，则所谓消坚之说，盖本于此。2、《本草新编》：乌芋，切片晒干，入药最消痞积，与鳖甲同用最佳，亦不耗人真气，近人未知入药，特表而出之。地栗有家种、野产之分，药用宜野产者为佳。然无野产，即拣家种之老者，切片连皮晒干用之，不特消痞积，更能辟瘴气也。或问，荸荠吴、越人喜啖，而吴、越人最多痞积，似乎荸荠非攻消品也，且其味甘甜带补性。不知荸荠独用则消肾气，有泻无补，与鳖甲、神曲、白术、茯苓、枳壳之类并投，则能健脾去积，有补兼攻，所以单食则无功，同用则有益。3、《本草求真》：乌芋，止一水果，何书皆言力能破积攻坚、止血、治痢、住崩、擦疮、解毒发痘、清声醒酒，其效若是之多，盖以味甘性寒，则于在胸实热可除，而诸实胀满可消；力善下行，而诸血痢血毒可祛。是以冷气勿食，食则令人每患脚气。4、《别录》：主消渴，痹热，热中，益气。5、《日华子本草》：开胃下食。6、《日用本草》：下五淋，泻胃热。7、《滇南本草》：治腹中热痰，大肠下血。8、《本草汇编》：疗五种膈气，消宿食，饭后宜食之。9、《纲目》：主血痢、下血、血崩。10、《本经逢原》：治酒客肺胃湿热，声音不清。11、《北砚食规》：荸荠粉：清心，开翳。12、《本草再新》：清心降火，补肺凉肝，消食化痰，破积滞，利脓血。13、 孟诜：消风毒，除胸中实热气；可作粉食，明耳目，止渴，消疸黄。临床应用 临床应用

1. "Outline": According to Wang's "Boji Fang," treating cold qi attacking the heart and transforming into various diseases of the five viscera, the use of black San Leng in Jin Suo Wan is explained as the theory of dissolving hardness, which originates from this. 2. "Compendium of Materia Medica": Wuyu, sliced and dried in the sun, is the best for dissolving accumulations, and it is best used together with turtle shell. It does not deplete genuine qi. It is not commonly known to be used in medicine, so it is specially mentioned here. There are differences between cultivated and wild chestnuts, and it is best to use wild ones for medicinal purposes. However, if wild ones are not available, then select older cultivated ones, slice them with the skin and dry them for use. Not only can they dissolve accumulations, but they can also dispel malarial qi. Some may ask, the people of Wu and Yue enjoy eating water chestnuts, but they are prone to accumulations. It seems that water chestnuts are not a dissolving and dispelling product, and their sweet taste has a tonifying nature. Water chestnuts alone can dissipate kidney qi without tonifying, and when used with turtle shell, fermented soybeans, white atractylodes, poria, and bitter orange peel, they can invigorate the spleen and dispel accumulations, providing tonification and attack. Therefore, when used alone, they are ineffective, but when used together, they are beneficial.3. "Seeking Truth in Materia Medica": Wuyu, also known as a single fruit, all books mention its ability to break accumulations, stop bleeding, treat dysentery, stop bleeding, heal sores, detoxify, treat smallpox, clear the voice, and sober up. Its effects are so numerous because of its sweet and cold nature, which can eliminate heat in the chest and dissipate fullness and distention. It is effective in promoting downward movement, and can expel blood, treat dysentery, and eliminate blood toxins. Therefore, do not consume it in cold weather, as it can cause chilblains.4. "Other Records": Mainly used to treat thirst, rheumatic heat, internal heat, and tonify qi.5. "Rihua Zi Materia Medica": Stimulates appetite and aids digestion.6. "Daily Materia Medica": Treats urinary disorders and relieves gastric heat.7. "Yunnan Materia Medica": Treats heat phlegm in the abdomen and lower intestinal bleeding.8. "Compilation of Materia Medica": Treats five types of visceral qi, dissolves food stagnation, and is suitable for consumption after meals.9. "Outline": Mainly used to treat bloody dysentery, bleeding, and hemorrhage.10. "Classic of the Materia Medica by Feng Yuan": Treats damp-heat in the lungs and stomach of alcoholics, unclear voice.11. "Beiyanshi Rules of Diet": Water chestnut powder: Clears the heart, and clears the eyes.12. "Materia Medica Revisited": Clears the heart and reduces fire, tonifies the lungs and cools the liver, aids digestion and transforms phlegm, dissolves accumulations, and promotes the discharge of pus and blood.13. Meng Shen: Dispels wind toxins, eliminates heat in the chest, can be used as a powder for consumption, brightens the eyes and ears, relieves thirst, and dissipates jaundice. Clinical application.

药膳食疗：荸荠豆腐汤1、功效：适用于脾胃虚弱、癌症术后的恢复用药食。2、原材料：荸荠60克，香菇30克，嫩豆腐400克，葱花9克，油、盐、胡椒粉、味精各适量。3、做法：将香菇洗净，温水发开，去蒂切丝（保留菇水）。将豆腐切成小块状、葱切碎。将荸荠洗净削皮，并切成小片。取香菇、荸荠、豆腐一起置入锅中煮汤，汤沸后加入油、盐、胡椒粉、味精，再放入葱花，煮片刻即可。4、用法：佐餐服用。相关配伍
Medicated Diet: Water Chestnut and Tofu Soup1. Efficacy: Suitable for those with weak spleen and stomach, and for post-cancer surgery recovery.2. Ingredients: 60g water chestnut, 30g shiitake mushrooms, 400g tender tofu, 9g chopped green onion, appropriate amount of oil, salt, pepper, and monosodium glutamate.3. Method: Clean the shiitake mushrooms, soak in warm water, remove the stems and shred (reserve the mushroom water). Cut the tofu into small pieces and chop the green onion. Clean and peel the water chestnuts, then slice them. Put the shiitake mushrooms, water chestnuts, and tofu into a pot to make soup. Once the soup boils, add oil, salt, pepper, and monosodium glutamate, then add the green onion. Cook for a moment and it is ready to serve.4. Usage: Take it with meals. Relevant compatibility.

1、治太阴温病，口渴甚，吐白沫粘滞不快者：荸荠汁、梨汁、鲜苇根汁、麦冬汁、藕汁(或用蔗浆)。临时斟酌多少，和匀凉服，不甚喜凉者，重汤炖温服。(《温病条辨》五汁饮)2、治黄疸湿热，小便不利：荸荠打碎，煎汤代茶，每次四两。(《泉州本草》)3、治下痢赤白：取完好荸荠，洗净拭干，勿令损破，于瓶内入好烧酒浸之，黄泥密封收贮。遇有患者，取二枚细嚼，空心用原酒送下。(《唐瑶经验方》)4、治痞积：荸荠于三伏时以火酒浸晒，每日空腹细嚼七枚，痞积渐消。(《本经逢原》)5、治腹满胀大：乌芋去皮，填入雄猪肚内，线缝，砂器煮糜食之，勿入盐。(《本草经疏》)6、治大便下血：荸荠捣汁大半钟，好酒半钟，空心温服。(《神秘方》)7、治妇人血崩：凫茈一岁一个，烧存性，研末；酒服之。(《纲目》)8、治咽喉肿痛：荸荠绞汁冷服，每次四两。(《泉州本草》)9、治小儿口疮：荸荠烧存性，研末掺之。(《简便单方》)10、治寻常疣：将荸荠掰开，用其白色果肉摩擦疣体，每日三至四次，每次摩至疣体角质层软化，脱掉，微有痛感并露出针尖大小的点状出血为止。连用七至十天。〔《中华皮肤科杂志》12(2)：74，1966〕加工炮制 采收加工

1. For treating febrile disease of the Tai Yin stage with severe thirst, vomiting of white, sticky foam, and discomfort: use juice of Chinese water chestnut, pear, fresh reed root, Ophiopogon japonicus, and lotus root (or use sugar cane juice). Adjust the amount as needed, mix evenly and serve cool. For those who do not tolerate cold well, use a heavier soup and stew for warmth. (From "Distinguishing Warm Diseases" - Five Juice Drink)2. For treating jaundice with damp-heat and urinary difficulty: crush Chinese water chestnut and decoct it as a tea substitute, four liang each time. (From "Quanzhou Materia Medica")3. For treating dysentery with red or white stool: take intact Chinese water chestnuts, wash and dry them, do not damage them, soak them in good distilled liquor in a sealed bottle. When there is a patient, take two pieces, chew them thoroughly on an empty stomach, and swallow with the original liquor. (From "Tang Yao's Experience Formula")4. For treating abdominal distension and accumulation: soak Chinese water chestnuts in fire liquor during the hottest days, chew seven pieces on an empty stomach every day, and the abdominal accumulation will gradually dissipate. (From "Original Text of Benjing")5. For treating abdominal fullness and distention: peel and stuff the peeled taro into the stomach of a male pig, sew it with a thread, cook it in a clay pot, and eat it as a gruel, do not add salt. (From "Commentary on Materia Medica")6. For treating bloody stools: pound Chinese water chestnuts to extract half a bowl of juice, and half a bowl of good liquor, take it on an empty stomach while warm. (From "Mysterious Formula")7. For treating women's excessive menstrual bleeding: take one-year-old duckweed, burn it to ash, grind it into powder, and take it with alcohol. (From "Outline")8. For treating sore throat and swelling: drink the juice of crushed Chinese water chestnuts while cold, four liang each time. (From "Quanzhou Materia Medica")9. For treating children's mouth ulcers: burn Chinese water chestnuts to ash, and mix it into a powder. (From "Simple Prescriptions")10. For treating common warts: split open Chinese water chestnuts and use the white flesh to rub the warts, three to four times a day, rubbing each time until the keratin layer of the wart softens and falls off, with a slight pain and pinpoint bleeding. Continue for seven to ten days. (From "Chinese Journal of Dermatology" 12(2):74, 1966)

10-12月挖取，洗净，风干或鲜用。炮制方法
Harvest from October to December, wash and dry in the wind, or use fresh. Processing method.

洗净，削去外皮。荸荠粉：取荸莽洗净，除去嫩芽，磨碎，滤取白色浆计，沉淀，干燥之，即成。植物学信息 植物种属
Clean and peel the water chestnuts. Water chestnut powder: Wash the water chestnuts, remove the sprouts, grind them, filter out the white slurry, let it settle, dry it, and it's ready. Botanical information about the plant species.

禾本科莎草科藨草亚科藨草族荸荠属 。形态特征
This is a description of the plant Belamcanda chinensis, which belongs to the family Iridaceae and the subfamily Iridoideae. It is characterized by its morphological features.

多年生水生草本。地下匍匐茎末端膨大成扁圆形球状，直径约4厘米，黑褐色；地上茎圆柱形，高达75厘米，直径约9毫米，丛生，直立，不分枝，中空，具横隔，表面平滑，色绿。叶片退化，叶鞘薄膜质，上部斜截形。穗状花序1个，顶生，直立，线状圆柱形，淡绿色，上部尖锐，基部与茎等粗，长2.5～4厘米，宽2～4毫米；花数朵或多数；鳞片宽倒卵形，螺旋式或覆瓦状排列，背部有细密纵直条纹。刚毛6个。上具倒生钩毛，与小坚果等长或较长；雄蕊2，花丝细长，花药长椭圆形；子房上位，柱头2或3裂，深褐色。小坚果呈双凸镜形，长约2.5毫米。花期秋季。分布区域
Perennial aquatic herb. The underground creeping stem swells into a flattened spherical shape at the end, with a diameter of about 4 centimeters and a dark brown color; the aboveground stem is cylindrical, up to 75 centimeters high, with a diameter of about 9 millimeters, clustered, erect, unbranched, hollow, with transverse partitions, smooth surface, and green color. The leaves are degenerate, with membranous sheaths and obliquely truncated upper parts. The spike-like inflorescence is terminal, erect, linear-cylindrical, pale green, sharply pointed at the top, and as thick as the stem at the base, measuring 2.5 to 4 centimeters long and 2 to 4 millimeters wide; there are several flowers, and the scales are broadly ovate, arranged in a spiral or imbricate manner, with fine vertical stripes on the back. There are 6 bristles, with downwardly hooked hairs at the top, equal to or longer than the small nut; there are 2 stamens, with slender filaments and elongated anthers; the ovary is superior, with a 2 or 3-lobed stigma, and is deep brown in color. The small nut is biconvex, about 2.5 millimeters long. The flowering period is in autumn. Distribution area.

栽植于水田中。我国温暖地区均有栽培。我国大部地区均产。道地产区
Planted in paddy fields. It is cultivated in warm regions throughout the country. It is produced in most parts of the country. Authentic production areas.

广西桂林，浙江余杭，江苏高邮和苏州，福建福州，湖北孝感、团风、沙 洋，安徽庐江县杨柳乡和宣州等。生长环境
Guilin in Guangxi, Yuhang in Zhejiang, Gaoyou and Suzhou in Jiangsu, Fuzhou in Fujian, Xiaogan, Yuanfeng, and Shayang in Hubei, Yangliu Township in Lujiang County, Anhui, and Xuanzhou, etc. The growth environment varies.

荸荠生长适应性较强。在国外，荸荠主要野生分布于东南亚、美洲、欧洲和大洋洲等国家的池沼、滩涂等低洼地带。分布于西方国家的荸荠大约于17世纪引入。中国自西汉时已有栽培记载，目前有20余种和一些变种。除高寒地区外，其分布几乎遍及全国各个省区，而经济栽培则主要在长江流域及其以南地区。
Water chestnut has strong adaptability to growth. In foreign countries, water chestnuts are mainly distributed in low-lying areas such as swamps and beaches in Southeast Asia, the Americas, Europe, and Oceania. Water chestnuts were introduced to Western countries around the 17th century. China has records of cultivation since the Western Han Dynasty, and there are currently more than 20 species and some varieties. Except for high-cold areas, it is distributed in almost all provinces and regions of the country, while economic cultivation is mainly in the Yangtze River Basin and its southern regions.