枇杷，中药名。为蔷薇科植物枇杷Eriobotrya japonica(Thunb.) Lindl.[Mespilus japonica Thunb.]的果实。具有润肺，止渴，下气的功效。主治肺痿咳嗽吐血，衄血，燥渴，呕逆。
Pi-pa, name of Chinese Medicinal Material. The fruit of the plant Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. [Mespilus japonica Thunb.], a member of the Rosaceae family. It has the effects of moistening the lungs, relieving thirst, and regulating qi. It is mainly used to treat pulmonary tuberculosis, coughing, hemoptysis, epistaxis, dryness and thirst, as well as nausea and vomiting.

功效作用 功能
The efficacy and functions

润肺，止渴，下气。主治
Moistening the lungs, relieving thirst, and regulating qi. Used to treat...

肺痿咳嗽吐血，衄血，燥渴，呕逆。①孟诜："利五脏。"②崔禹锡《食经》："下气，止哕呕逆。"③《日华子》："治肺气，润五脏，下气。止呕逆，并渴疾。"④《滇南本草》："治肺痿痨伤吐血，咳嗽吐痰，哮吼。又治小儿惊风发热。"用法用量
Pulmonary asthenia, coughing up blood, epistaxis, dryness and thirst, and nausea and vomiting. ① Meng Shen: "Beneficial for the five viscera." ② Cui Yuxi's "Dietary Classic": "Relieves qi descent, stops hiccups and nausea." ③ "Ri Huazi": "Treats pulmonary qi, nourishes the five viscera, and relieves qi descent. Stops nausea and vomiting, as well as intense thirst." ④ "Dian Nan Ben Cao": "Treats pulmonary asthenia, consumption with coughing up blood, coughing up phlegm, and wheezing. Also treats infantile convulsions with fever." Dosage and administration.

内服：生食或煎汤，30-60g。禁忌
Internal administration: raw consumption or decoction, 30-60g. Contraindications.

不宜多食。《随息居饮食谱》：“多食助湿生痰，脾虚滑泄者忌之。”注意事项
Not suitable for overconsumption. "Dietary Prescriptions for Health Maintenance" states: "Overconsumption can exacerbate dampness and phlegm, and should be avoided by those with weak spleen and diarrhea." Please take note.

《随息居饮食谱》："多食助湿生痰，脾虚滑泄者忌之。"化学成分
"The Dietary Recipes of Suixiju": "Eating too much can generate dampness and phlegm, which should be avoided by those with weak spleen and frequent diarrhea." Chemical composition

1、果实含隐黄质(cryptoxanthin)，新-β-胡罗卜素(neo-β-carotene)及DL-乳酸(DL-lactic acid)及酒石酸(tartaric acid)，未成熟果实含转化糖，蔗糖(sucrose)，游离枸橼酸(citric acid)，苹果酸(malic acid)，成熟果实含转化糖，蔗糖，苹果酸。此外尚含有果胶(pectin)3.3%，戊糖，苹果酸，琥珀酸(succinic acid)，氧化酶，淀粉酶，苦杏仁酶及转化梅。2、果肉及果皮还含有六氢西红柿烃(phytofluene)，顺式-新-β-胡萝卜素，β-胡萝卜素，γ-胡萝卜素，β-胡萝卜素氧化物(mutatochrome)，隐黄质5，6，5'，6'-二氧化物(cryptoxanthin5，6，5'6'-diepoxide)，隐黄质5，6-环氧化物(cryptoxanthin5，6-epoxide)，隐黄质，隐黄质5，6，5ˊ，8ˊ-二环氧化物(cryptoxanthin5，6，5ˊ，8ˊ-diepoxide)，隐黄素(cryptoflavin)，叶黄素(lutein)，顺-叶黄素(cislutein)，异叶黄素(isolutein)，堇黄质(violaxanthin)，菊黄质(crysanthemxanthin)，黄体呋喃素(luteoxanthin)，新黄素(neoxanthin)。相关论述

1. The fruit contains cryptoxanthin, neo-β-carotene, DL-lactic acid, and tartaric acid. Immature fruit contains reducing sugars, sucrose, citric acid, and malic acid. Mature fruit contains reducing sugars, sucrose, and malic acid. Additionally, it contains 3.3% pectin, pentose, malic acid, succinic acid, oxidase, amylase, amygdalin, and prunasin.2. The pulp and peel also contain phytofluene, cis-neo-β-carotene, β-carotene, γ-carotene, mutatochrome (β-carotene oxide), cryptoxanthin 5,6,5'6'-diepoxide, cryptoxanthin 5,6-epoxide, cryptoxanthin 5,6,5ˊ,8ˊ-diepoxide, cryptoflavin, lutein, cis-lutein, isolutein, violaxanthin, crysanthemxanthin, luteoxanthin, and neoxanthin.

1、《本经逢原》：必极熟，乃有止渴下气润五脏之功。若带生味酸，力能助肝伐脾，食之令人中满泄泻。2、孟诜：利五脏。3、崔禹锡《食经》：下气，止哕呕逆。4、《日华子》：治肺气，润五脏，下气，止呕逆，并渴疾。5、《滇南本草》：治肺痿痨伤吐血，咳嗽吐痰，哮吼。又治小儿惊风发热。临床应用 临床应用

1. "Ben Jing Feng Yuan": It must be thoroughly cooked to have the function of relieving thirst, lowering qi, and nourishing the five viscera. If it has a sour taste, it can assist the liver in attacking the spleen, causing fullness and diarrhea when consumed.2. Meng Shen: Beneficial for the five viscera.3. Cui Yuxi's "Shi Jing": It lowers qi and stops hiccups and vomiting.4. "Ri Hua Zi": Treats lung qi, nourishes the five viscera, lowers qi, stops vomiting, and relieves thirst.5. "Dian Nan Ben Cao": Treats pulmonary tuberculosis, hemoptysis, cough with phlegm, and wheezing. Also used for treating pediatric convulsions and fever. Clinical application.

药膳食疗：枇杷西米粥1、功效：用于肺热咳嗽、咯血、衄血、胃热呕逆。2、原材料：枇杷6个，西米50克，白糖100克。3、用法：将枇杷洗净，外皮剥去，果肉取出，备用。西米洗净，将二者同入锅中，加入适量清水煮成粥，起锅前，根据个人口味调入适量的白糖即可。4、用法：早、晚食用。相关配伍
Medicated diet therapy: Loquat and Sago Porridge1. Functions: Used for lung heat cough, hemoptysis, epistaxis, and stomach heat causing nausea and vomiting.2. Ingredients: 6 loquats, 50g sago, 100g sugar.3. Directions: Wash the loquats, peel off the skin, and remove the flesh. Wash the sago, then put both into a pot with an appropriate amount of water and cook into a porridge. Before removing from heat, adjust the amount of sugar according to personal taste.4. Usage: Consume in the morning and evening. Related food pairing.

治肺热咳嗽：鲜枇杷肉60g，冰糖30g。水煎服。（《福建植物志》）加工炮制 采收加工
Treatment for lung heat cough: 60g fresh loquat flesh, 30g rock sugar. Decoction and take orally. (From "Fujian Flora") Processing and preparation: Harvest and process.

枇杷果实因成熟不一致，宜分次采收，采黄留青，采熟留生。保存方法
The fruits of loquat ripen unevenly, so it is advisable to harvest them in multiple stages, picking the yellow ones and leaving the green ones, and picking the ripe ones while leaving the unripe ones. As for the preservation method...

枇杷果实因成熟不一致，宜分次采收。植物学信息 植物种属
The loquat fruits ripen unevenly, so it is advisable to harvest them in multiple stages. Botanical information: Plant species.

蔷薇目蔷薇科枇杷属枇杷。形态特征
Rosales, Rosaceae, Eriobotrya, Loquat. Morphological characteristics

常绿小乔木，高约10m。小枝粗壮，黄褐色，密生锈色或灰棕色绒毛。叶片革质；叶柄短或几无柄，长6-10mm，有灰棕色绒毛；托叶钻形，有毛；叶片披针形、倒披针形、倒卵形或长椭圆形，长12-30cm，宽3-9cm，先端急尖或渐尖，基部楔形或渐狭成叶柄，上部边缘有疏锯齿，上面光亮、多皱，下面及叶脉密生灰棕色绒毛，侧脉11-21对，圆锥花序顶生，总花梗和花梗密生锈色绒毛；花直径1.2-2cm；萼筒浅杯状，萼片三角卵形，外面有锈色绒毛；花瓣白色，长圆形或卵形，长5-9mm，宽4-6mm，基部具爪，有锈色绒毛；雄蕊20，花柱5，离生，柱头头状，无毛。果实球形或长圆形，直径3-5cm，黄色或橘黄色；种子1-5颗，球形或扁球形，直径1-1.5cm，褐色，光亮，种皮纸质。花期10-12月。果期翌年5-6月。分布区域
Evergreen small tree, about 10m high. The small branches are stout, yellow-brown, densely covered with rust-colored or gray-brown hairs. The leaves are leathery; the petioles are short or nearly absent, 6-10mm long, with gray-brown hairs; the stipules are awl-shaped, hairy; the leaf blades are lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate, oblong-ovate, or elliptic, 12-30cm long, 3-9cm wide, acute or acuminate at the apex, cuneate or gradually narrowed at the base into a petiole, with sparse serrations on the upper margin, shiny and wrinkled on the upper surface, densely covered with gray-brown hairs on the lower surface and veins, with 11-21 pairs of lateral veins. The cone-shaped inflorescences are terminal, with densely rust-colored hairs on the peduncles and pedicels; the flowers are 1.2-2cm in diameter; the calyx tube is shallow-cup-shaped, with triangular-ovate sepals covered with rust-colored hairs on the outside; the petals are white, oblong or ovate, 5-9mm long, 4-6mm wide, with claws at the base and rust-colored hairs; there are 20 stamens, 5 styles, separate, with head-shaped stigmas, and without hairs. The fruit is spherical or oblong, 3-5cm in diameter, yellow or orange-yellow; with 1-5 seeds, spherical or flattened-spherical, 1-1.5cm in diameter, brown, shiny, and papery seed coat. Flowering occurs from October to December, and the fruiting period is from May to June of the following year. Distributed in...

常栽种于村边、平地或坡地。分布陕西、甘肃、河南、江苏、浙江、安徽、福建、台湾、广东、广西、江西、湖南、湖北、四川、贵州、云南等地。生长环境
Often planted on the outskirts of villages, flatlands, or slopes. It is distributed in Shaanxi, Gansu, Henan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, and other regions. This is its natural habitat.

枇杷喜光，稍耐阴，喜温暖气候和肥水湿润、排水良好的土壤，稍耐 寒，不耐严寒，生长缓慢，平均温度12～15以上，冬季不低-5℃，花期，幼果期不低于0℃的地区，都能生长良好。
Loquat trees prefer plenty of sunlight, can tolerate some shade, and thrive in warm climates with rich, moist, well-drained soil. They are somewhat resistant to cold but cannot withstand severe cold. Their growth is slow, and they require an average temperature of 12-15 degrees Celsius. In winter, temperatures should not drop below -5°C, and they can grow well in regions where the temperature during the flowering and fruiting period does not fall below 0°C.