娑罗子

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为七叶树科植物七叶树Aesculus chinensis Bge.、浙江七叶树Aesculus chinensis Bge.var.chekiangensis（HuetFang）Fang或天师栗Aesculus wilsonii Rehd.的干燥成熟种子。秋季果实成熟时采收，除去果皮，晒干或低温干燥。
Horse Chestnut Seed is the dried mature seed of Aesculus chinensis Bge., Aesculus chinensis Bge.var.chekiangensis（HuetFang）Fang, or Aesculus wilsonii Rehd. (Fam. Hippocastanaceae). The drug is collected in autumn when the fruit is ripe, removed from the pericarp, and dried.

性状 Description

本品呈扁球形或类球形，似板栗，直径1.5～4cm。表面棕色或棕褐色，多皱缩，凹凸不平，略具光泽；种脐色较浅，近圆形，约占种子面积的1/4至1/2；其一侧有1条突起的种脊，有的不甚明显。种皮硬而脆，子叶2，肥厚，坚硬，形似栗仁，黄白色或淡棕色，粉性。气微，味先苦后甜。
Seeds flattened-spherical or nearly spherical, resembling chestnut, 1.5-4 cm in diameter. Surface brown or brownish-brown, much wrinkled, uneven, slightly lustrous; hilum pale, nearly circular, occupying about 1/4 to 1/2 of the seed area; one side with a prominent raphe, sometimes indistinct. Seed coat hard and brittle; cotyledons 2, thick, hard, resembling chestnut kernel, yellowish-white or pale brown, powdery. Odour, slight; taste, bitter at first, then sweet.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品粉末淡红棕色至黄棕色。种皮外表皮细胞黄棕色，表面观多角形，壁略不均匀增厚，角部略有突起。种皮下皮细胞卵圆形、类圆形或类长方形，壁稍厚。种皮分枝细胞较大，常多层重叠；分枝细胞类多角形或不规则形，分枝长短不一，有的可见纹孔域。淀粉粒较多，单粒长圆形或类圆形，直径2～38μm，脐点可见；复粒由2～3分粒组成。
（1）The powder is pale reddish-brown to yellowish-brown. Epidermal cells of the seed coat are yellowish-brown, polygonal in surface view, with slightly unevenly thickened walls and slightly raised angles. Subepidermal cells of the seed coat are oval, nearly circular or nearly rectangular, with slightly thickened walls. Branch cells of the seed coat are relatively large, often overlapping in many layers; branch cells are polygonal or irregular in shape, with varying lengths of branches, and some can be seen in the region of the reticulate area. Numerous starch grains are present, with individual grains being elongated or nearly circular, with a diameter of 2-38 μm, and the hilum is visible; compound grains consist of 2-3 component grains.

（2）取本品，照〔含量测定〕项下的方法试验，对照品色谱图中4个主成分峰，以出峰前后的顺序分别为七叶皂苷A、七叶皂苷B、七叶皂苷C和七叶皂苷D。供试品色谱中应呈现与七叶皂苷钠对照品四个主峰保留时间相同的色谱峰。
（2）Take the test material and carry out the test according to the method under the item of "Determination of Content". In the chromatogram of the reference solution, there are four main peaks of the components, which are in the order of elution before and after the peaks, respectively, of Aescin A, Aescin B, Aescin C, and Aescin D. The test solution should show chromatographic peaks with the same retention time as the four main peaks of the reference solution of Aescin Sodium.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过13.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过5.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 5.0 per cent <2302>.

含量测定 Determination of Content

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈-0.2%磷酸溶液（36∶64）为流动相；检测波长为220nm。理论板数按七叶皂苷A峰计算应不低于3000。
The chromatographic conditions and system suitability test are carried out using octadecylsilane-bonded silica gel as the filler; acetonitrile-0.2% phosphoric acid solution (36:64) is used as the mobile phase; the detection wavelength is 220 nm. The theoretical number of plates calculated based on the peak of Aescin A should not be less than 3000.

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution

取七叶皂苷钠对照品（已标示七叶皂苷A含量）适量，精密称定，加甲醇制成每1ml含1mg的溶液，即得。
Prepare a solution of the reference substance. Accurately weigh an appropriate amount of Aescin Sodium Reference Substance (labeled with the content of Aescin A), dissolve in methanol to make a solution containing 1 mg per ml.

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品粉末（过三号筛）约1g，精密称定，置索氏提取器中，加乙醚，加热回流1小时，弃去乙醚液，药渣连同滤纸筒挥干溶剂后，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入甲醇50ml，称定重量，超声处理（功率250W，频率33kHz）30分钟，放冷，再称定重量，用甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，精密量取续滤液25ml，置蒸发皿中，于40℃水浴上浓缩至适量，转移至10ml量瓶中，加甲醇稀释至刻度，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Prepare the test solution. Accurately weigh about 1 g of the powder (passed through a No. 3 sieve) of the test material, place it in a Soxhlet extractor, add ether, heat under reflux for 1 hour, discard the ether solution, dry the residue together with the filter paper cylinder after evaporating the solvent, place it in a stoppered conical flask, accurately add 50 ml of methanol, weigh, treat with ultrasound (power 250 W, frequency 33 kHz) for 30 minutes, cool, weigh again, make up for the loss of weight with methanol, shake well, filter, accurately take 25 ml of the filtrate, place it in an evaporating dish, concentrate to an appropriate volume on a water bath at 40°C, transfer to a 10 ml volumetric flask, dilute with methanol to the mark, shake well, filter, and take the filtrate.

测定法 Assay method

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各10μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，以对照品溶液中七叶皂苷A位置相应峰的峰面积计算，即得。
Determination method: Accurately take 10 μl of the solution of the reference substance and the test solution, inject into the liquid chromatograph, and determine. Calculate the peak area corresponding to the position of Aescin A in the solution of the reference substance.

本品按干燥品计算，含七叶皂苷A（C55H86O24）不得少于0.70%。
Calculated on the dried basis, the content of Aescin A (C55H86O24) should not be less than 0.70%.

饮片 Prepared slices

娑罗子 Horse Chestnut Seed

炮制 Processing

除去外壳和杂质。用时打碎。
Eliminate the shell and impurities. Crush before use.

性状 Description

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

鉴别 Identification

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

检查 Examination

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

含量测定 Assay

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

性 Property

温。
Warm.

味 Flavor

甘。
Sweet.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肝、胃经。
Liver and stomach meridians.

功能 Actions

疏肝理气，和胃止痛。
To soothe the liver and regulate qi, harmonize the stomach, and relieve pain.

主治 Indications

用于肝胃气滞，胸腹胀闷，胃脘疼痛。
Used for liver and stomach qi stagnation, distension and fullness in the chest and abdomen, and epigastric pain.

用量 Dosage

3～9 g。
3-9 g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

贮藏 Storage

置干燥处，防霉，防蛀。
Store in a dry place, protect from mold and insects.

娑罗子

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为七叶树科植物七叶树Aesculus chinensis Bge.、浙江七叶树Aesculus chinensis Bge. var. chekiangensis（Hu et Fang）Fang或天师栗Aesculus wilsonii Rehd.的干燥成熟种子。秋季果实成熟时采收，除去果皮，晒干最低温干燥。
Buckeye Seed is the dried ripe seed of Aesculus chinensis Bge., Aesculus chinensis Bge. var. chekiangensis (Hu et Fang) Fang, or Aesculus wilsonii Rehd. (Fam. Hippocastanaceae). The drug is collected in autumn when ripe, removed from pericarp, dried in the sun or at a lower temperature.

性状 Description

本品呈扁球形或类球形，似板栗，直径1.5～4cm。表面棕色或棕褐色，多皱缩，凹凸不平，略具光泽；种脐色较浅，近圆形，约占种子面积的1/4至1/2；其一侧有1条突起的种脊，有的不甚明显。种皮硬而脆，子叶2，肥厚，坚硬，形似栗仁，黄白色或淡棕色，粉性。气微，味先苦后甜。
Oblate or subspherical, resembling chestnut, 1.5-4 cm in diameter. Externally brown or dark brown, frequently shrunken, uneven, somewhat lustrous; hilum light in colour, subrounded, occupying about 1/4-1/2 in area of the seed, with a stripe of projecting raphe on one side, sometimes indistinct. Testa hard and fragile, cotyledons 2, thick and hard, resembling the kernel of chestnut, yellowish-white or pale brown, starchy. Odour, slight; taste, bitter then sweet.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品粉末淡红棕色至黄棕色。种皮外表皮细胞黄棕色，表面观多角形，壁略不均匀增厚，角部略有突起。种皮下皮细胞卵圆形、类圆形或类长方形，壁稍厚。种皮分枝细胞较大，常多层重叠；分枝细胞类多角形或不规则形，分枝长短不一，有的可见纹孔域。淀粉粒较多，单粒长圆形或类圆形，直径2～38μm，脐点可见；复粒由2～3分粒组成。
（2）取本品，照〔含量测定〕项下的方法试验，对照品色谱图中4个主成分峰，以出峰前后的顺序分别为七叶皂苷A、七叶皂苷B、七叶皂苷C和七叶皂苷D。供试品色谱中应呈现与七叶皂苷钠对照品四个主峰保留时间相同的色谱峰。

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过13.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过5.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 5.0 per cent <2302>.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography<0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic system and system suitability

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈-0.2%磷酸溶液（36：64）为流动相；检测波长为220nm。理论板数按七叶皂苷A峰计算应不低于3000。
Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the stationary phase and a mixture of acetonitrile and 0.2% phosphoric acid (36:64) as the mobile phase. As detector a spectrophotometer set at 220 nm. The number of theoretical plates of the column is not less than 3000, calculated with reference to the peak of aescine A.

对照品溶液的制备 Reference solution

取七叶皂苷钠对照品（已标示七叶皂苷A含量）适量，精密称定，加甲醇制成每1ml含1mg的溶液，即得。
Weigh accurately a quantity of sodium aescine CRS (the content of aescine A marked) in methanol to produce a solution containing 1 mg per ml as the reference solution.

供试品溶液的制备 Test solution

取本品粉末（过三号筛）约1g，精密称定，置索氏提取器中，加乙醚，加热回流1小时，弃去乙醚液，药渣连同滤纸筒挥干溶剂后，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入甲醇50ml，称定重量，超声处理（功率250W，频率33kHz）30分钟，放冷，再称定重量，用甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，精密量取续滤液25ml，置蒸发皿中，于40℃水浴上浓缩至适量，转移至10ml量瓶中，加甲醇稀释至刻度，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Weigh accurately 1 g of the powder (through No. 3 sieve) to a Soxhlet's extractor, heat under reflux in ether for 1 hour, then discard ether extract, and evaporate the residue to dryness. Transfer the residue to a stopper conical flask, add 50 ml of methanol accurately and weigh, ultrasonicate (power 250 W, frequency 33 kHz) for 30 minutes, cool and weigh again, replenish the loss of the solvent with methanol, mix well and filter. Measure accurately 10 ml of the filtrate into a evaporating dish. Heat on a water bath at 40℃ and concentrate to suitable volume, transfer into a 10 ml of volumetric flask, add methanol to volume, and mix well.

测定法 Procedure

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各10μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，以对照品溶液中七叶皂苷A位置相应峰的峰面积计算，即得。
Inject accurately 10 μl of each of the reference solution and the test solution into the column, respectively, and calculate the content corresponded in position with the reference solution of aescine A.

含量 Content

本品按干燥品计算，含七叶皂苷a（C55H86O24）不得少于0.70%。
It contains not less than 0.70 per cent of aescine A (C55 H86 O24), calculated with reference to the dried drug.

饮片 Prepared slices

娑罗子 Buckeye Seed

炮制 Processing

除去外壳和杂质。用时打碎。
Remove the outer coat and foreign matter. Break into pieces before use.

性 Property

甘，温。
Warm; sweet.

味 Flavor

归肝、胃经。
Liver and stomach meridians.

功能 Actions

疏肝理气，和胃止痛。
To soothe the liver, regulate qi, harmonize the stomach, and relieve pain.

主治 Indications

用于肝胃气滞，胸腹胀闷，胃脘疼痛。
Liver-stomach qi stagnation, manifested as distention and oppression in the chest and the abdomen, and pain in stomach duct.

用法与用量 Administration and dosage

3～9g。
3-9 g.

贮藏 Storage

置干燥处，防霉，防蛀。
Preserve in a dry place, and protect from mould and moth.