禹州漏芦

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为菊科植物驴欺口Echinops latifolius Tausch.或华东蓝刺头Echinops grijsii Hance的干燥根。春、秋二季采挖，除去须根和泥沙，晒干。
Echinopsis Root is the dried root of Echinops latifolius Tausch. or Echinops grijsii Hance (Fam. Compositae). The drug is collected in spring and autumn, removed from root hairs and impurities, and dried in the sun.

性状 Description

本品呈类圆柱形，稍扭曲，长10～25cm，直径0.5～1.5cm。表面灰黄色或灰褐色，具纵皱纹，顶端有纤维状棕色硬毛。质硬，不易折断，断面皮部褐色，木部呈黄黑相间的放射状纹理。气微，味微涩。
Roots cylindrical, slightly twisted, 10-25cm long, 0.5-1.5cm in diameter; externally greyish-yellow or greyish-brown, with longitudinal wrinkles; apex with fibrous brownish hairs. Texture hard, not easily broken; fracture brownish in the cortex and showing radiate wood rays in the xylem. Odour, slight; taste, slightly astringent.

鉴别 Identification

(1) 本品粉末棕黄色。韧皮纤维多成束，直径20～42μm，壁厚。细胞间隙有棕褐色树脂状物。木纤维细长，两端渐尖，直径12～30μm，壁较厚。具缘纹孔导管和网纹导管较多见，直径20～120μm。石细胞少见，类圆形、长方形或方形，直径35～150μm，层纹及孔沟明显，细胞间隙有棕褐色树脂状物。分泌管长条状，直径26～60μm，内含红棕色分泌物。
(1) This product is powdered brownish-yellow. Bast fibers are mostly bundled, with a diameter of 20~42μm and a wall thickness. There is a brown resinous substance in the intercellular space. The wood fiber is slender, tapering at both ends, with a diameter of 12~30μm and a thick wall. Bordered perforated catheters and reticulated catheters are more common, with a diameter of 20~120μm. Stone cells are rare, round, rectangular or square, with a diameter of 35~150 μm, obvious lamellar lines and grooves, and brown resinous substances in the intercellular space. The secretion tube is long and strip-shaped, with a diameter of 26~60μm, containing reddish-brown secretions.

(2) 取本品粉末1g，加甲醇10ml，超声处理30分钟，滤过，滤液作为供试品溶液。另取α-三联噻吩对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含0.8mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取供试品溶液2～5μl、对照品溶液5μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以石油醚（60～90℃）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以10%硫酸乙醇溶液，在105℃加热至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。
(2)Take 1g of powder of this product, add 10ml of methanol, sonicate for 30 minutes, filter, and filtrate as the test solution. In addition, α-trithiophene reference substance was added, and methanol was added to make a solution containing 0.8mg per 1ml as a control solution. According to the thin layer chromatography (General 0502) test, absorb 2~5μl of the test solution and 5μl of the reference solution, respectively point on the same silica gel G thin layer plate, take petroleum ether (60~90 °C) as the developing solvent, unfold, take out, dry, spray with 10% sulfuric acid ethanol solution, and heat at 105 °C until the spots are clearly colored. In the chromatography of the test sample, spots of the same color are displayed at the corresponding position of the chromatography of the reference substance.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过13.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过10.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 10.0 per cent <2302>.

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

不得过4.5%（通则2302）。
Not more than 4.5 per cent <2302>.

浸出物 Extractives

照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用稀乙醇作溶剂，不得少于13.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble Extractives <2201,the hot maceration method>, using diluted ethanol as the solvent, not less than 13.0 per cent.

饮片 Prepared slices

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，洗净，润透，切厚片，晒干。
Eliminate Foreign matter, wash clean, soften briefly, cut into thick slices, and dry in the sun.

性状 Description

本品呈圆形或类圆形的厚片。外表皮灰黄色至灰褐色。切面皮部褐色，木部呈黄黑相间的放射状纹理。气微，味微涩。
This product is a round or round-like thick sheet. The outer skin is grayish-yellow to grayish-brown. The skin of the cut surface is brown, and the wood part has a yellow and black radial texture. The breath is slight and the taste is slightly astringent.

检查 Examination

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

同药材，不得过2.0%。
Same as the crude drug. Not more than 2.0 per cent.

含量测定 Content determination

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
It was determined by high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以甲醇-0.1%醋酸溶液（85∶15）为流动相；检测波 长为352nm。理论板数按a -三联噻吩峰计算应不低于3000。
Octadecylsilane bonded silica gel is used as filler; methanol-0.1% acetic acid solution (85∶15) was used as mobile phase; The detection wavelength is 352nm. The number of theoretical plates should not be less than 3000 according to the calculation of a-triple thiophene peak.

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution

取a-三联噻吩对照品适量，精密称定，加甲醇制成每lml含0.26mg的溶液，即得。
Take an appropriate amount of A-trithiophene reference substance, weigh it accurately, and add methanol to make it containing 0.26mg per ml of solution, that is.

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品粉末（过四号筛）约0. 25g, 精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入甲醇10ml,密塞，称定重量，超声处理（功率300W,频率40kHz）30分钟，放冷，再称定重量，用甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Take the powder of this product (through the No. 4 sieve) about 0.25g, precision weighing, set in a stopper Erlenmeyer flask, add 10ml of methanol accurately, plug, weigh the weight, sonicate (power 300W, frequency 40kHz) for 30 minutes, let it cool, weigh it again, make up for the lost weight with methanol, shake well, filter, and take the filtrate.

测定法 Determination method

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各 10μl,注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Accurately absorb 10μl of the reference solution and 10μl of the test solution respectively, inject it into the liquid chromatograph, and measure.

本品按干燥品计算，含a -三联噻吩（C12H8S3 ）不得少于 0. 20%。
This product is calculated as a dry product, and the content of a-trithiophene (C12H8S3) shall not be less than 0.20%。

鉴别 Identification

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

检查 Examination

（水分和灰分）同药材。
（Water and total ash）Same as the crude drug.

浸出物 Extractives

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

性 Property

寒。
Cold.

味 Flavor

苦。
Bitter.

归经 Meridian tropism

归胃经。
Stomach meridian.

功能 Actions

清热解毒，消痈，下乳，舒筋通脉。
To clear heat and detoxify, dissipate swelling, promote lactation, and relax tendons and activate meridians.

主治 Indications

用于乳痈肿痛，痈疽发背，瘰疬疮毒，乳汁不通，湿痹拘挛。
Used for breast abscess with swelling and pain, carbuncle and furuncle on the back, scrofula and sores, blocked lactation, and dampness-arthritis with spasm.

用量 Dosage

5～10g。
5-10g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

注意 Precautions

孕妇慎用。
Use with caution during pregnancy.

贮藏 Storage

置通风干燥处。
Preserve in a well-ventilated and dry place.

禹州漏芦

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为菊科植物蓝刺头Echinops latifolius Tausch. 或华东蓝刺头Echinops grijisii Hance的干燥根。春、秋二季采挖，除去须根和泥沙，晒干。
Globethistle Root is the dried root of Echinops latifolius Tausch.or Echinops grijisii Hance (Fam.Compositae). The drug is collected in spring or autumn, removed from rootlet, and dried.

性状 Description

本品呈类圆柱形，稍扭曲，长10～25cm，直径0.5～1.5cm。表面灰黄色或灰褐色，具纵皱纹，顶端有纤维状棕色硬毛。质硬，不易折断，断面皮部褐色，木部呈黄黑相间的放射状纹理。气微，味微涩。
Subcylindrical, slightly tortuous, 10-25 cm long, 0.5-1.5 cm in diameter.Externally greyish-yellow or greyish-brown.wrinkled longitudinally, top with brown fibrous rigid hairs.Texture hard, uneasily broken, fracture showing brown in bark and yellow alternating with black radial striations in wood.Odour, slightly; taste, slightly astringent.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品粉末棕黄色。韧皮纤维多成束，直径20～42μm，壁厚。细胞间隙有棕褐色树脂状物。木纤维细长，两端渐尖，直径12～30μm，壁较厚。具缘纹孔导管和网纹导管较多见，直径20～120μm。石细胞少见，类圆形、长方形或方形，直径35～150μm，层纹及孔沟明显，细胞间隙有棕褐色树脂状物。分泌管长条状，直径26～60μm，内含红棕色分泌物。
（2）取本品粉末1g，加甲醇10ml，超声处理30分钟，滤过，滤液作为供试品溶液。另取α-三联噻吩对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含0.8mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取供试品溶液 2～5μl、对照品溶液5μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以石油醚（60～90℃）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以10%硫酸乙醇溶液，在105℃加热至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过13.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过10.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 10.0 per cent <2302>.

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

不得过4.5%（通则2302）。
Not more than 4.5 per cent <2302>.

浸出物 Extractives

照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用稀乙醇作溶剂，不得少于13.0%。
Carry out the method for determination ofethanol-soluble extractives <2201, the hot extraction method>, using dilute ethanol as solvent, not less than 13.0 per cent.

饮片 Prepared slices

禹州漏芦 Globethistle Root

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，洗净，润透，切厚片，晒干。
Eliminate foreign matter, wash clean, soften thoroughly, cut into thick slices, and dry. In rounded or subrounded thick slices. Externally greyish-yellow to greyish-brown. Cut surface brown in bark part, with radial striations that yellow alternated with black in wood part. Odour slight; taste slightly astringent.

检查 Examination

酸不溶性灰分 Acid-insoluble ash

同药材，不得过2.0%。
Not more than 2.0 per cent, following the method for the crude drug.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography<0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic system and system suitability

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以甲醇-0.1%醋酸溶液（85：15）为流动相；检测波长为352nm。理论板数按α-三联噻吩峰计算应不低于3000。
Use octa-decylsilane bonded silica gel as the stationary phase and a mixture of methanol and 0.1% solution of acetic acid (85 : 15) as the mobile phase. As detector a spectrophotometer set at 352 nm. The number of theoretical plates of the column is not less than 3000, calculated with reference to the peak of a terthiophene.

对照品溶液的制备 Reference solution

取α-三联噻吩对照品适量，精密称定，加甲醇制成每1ml含0.26mg的溶液，即得。
Dissolve a quantity of a-terthiophene CRS, accurately weighed, in methanol to produce a solution containing 0.26 mg per ml.

供试品溶液的制备 Test solution

取本品粉末（过四号筛）约0.25g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入甲醇10ml，密塞，称定重量，超声处理（功率300W，频率40kHz）30分钟，放冷，再称定重量，用甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Weigh accurately 0.25 g of the powder (through No. 4 sieve) to a stopper conical flask, accurately add 10 ml of methanol, stopper tightly and weigh. Ultrasonicate (powder 300 W, frequency 40 kHz) for 30 minutes, cool and weigh again, replenish the loss of solvent with methanol, mix well, filter and use the successive filtrate as the test solution.

测定法 Procedure

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各10μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Inject accurately 10 μl of each of the reference solution and the test solution, respectively, into the column, and calculate the content.

本品按干燥品计算，含α-三联噻吩（C12H8S3 ）不得少于0.20%。
It contains not less than 0. 20 per cent of a terthiophene (CHS), calculated with reference to the dried drug.

性 Property

苦、寒。
Bitter, cold.

味 Flavor

归胃经。
Stomach meridian.

功能 Actions

清热解毒，消痈，下乳，舒筋通脉。
To clear heat, remove toxin, disperse abscesses, promote lactation, relax sinews and unblock the meridians.

主治 Indications

用于乳痈肿痛，痈疽发背，瘰疬疮毒，乳汁不通，湿痹拘挛。
Acute mastitis with swelling and pain, abscesses and cellulitis, carbuncle of the back, scrofula, sore and toxin, agalactia, spasm caused by fixed bi disorder.

用量 Dosage

5～10g。
5-10 g.

注意 Precautions and Warnings

孕妇慎用。
Use with caution during pregnancy.

贮藏 Storage

置通风干燥处。
Preserve in a ventilated and dry place.