白扁豆

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为豆科植物扁豆Dolichos lablab L.的干燥成熟种子。秋、冬二季采收成熟果实，晒干，取出种子，再晒干。
White Hyacinth Bean Seed is the dried mature seed of Dolichos lablab L. (Fam. Leguminosae). The drug is collected in autumn and winter when the fruit is mature, dried in the sun, the seeds are taken out, and then dried.

性状 Description

本品呈扁椭圆形或扁卵圆形，长8～13mm，宽6～9mm，厚约7mm。表面淡黄白色或淡黄色，平滑，略有光泽，一侧边缘有隆起的白色眉状种阜。质坚硬。种皮薄而脆，子叶2，肥厚，黄白色。气微，味淡，嚼之有豆腥气。
Seeds are flattened-ellipsoid or flattened-ovoid, 8-13 mm long, 6-9 mm wide, and about 7 mm thick. The surface is pale yellowish-white or pale yellow, smooth, slightly shiny, with a raised white eyebrow-like hilum on one side. The texture is hard. The seed coat is thin and brittle, with 2 cotyledons, thick and yellowish-white. Odour, slight; taste, weak, with a beany odour when chewed.

鉴别 Identification

本品横切面：表皮为1列栅状细胞，种脐处2列，光辉带明显。支持细胞1列，呈哑铃状，种脐部位为3～5列。其下为10列薄壁细胞，内侧细胞呈颓废状。子叶细胞含众多淀粉粒。种脐部位栅状细胞的外侧有种阜，内侧有管胞岛，椭圆形，细胞壁网状增厚，其两侧为星状组织，细胞星芒状，有大型的细胞间隙，有的胞腔含棕色物。
Transverse section: Epidermal cells in 1 row, 2 rows at the hilum, with a distinct bright band. Supporting cells in 1 row, dumbbell-shaped, 3-5 rows at the hilum. Below are 10 rows of thin-walled cells, with the inner cells in a degenerate state. Cotyledon cells contain numerous starch grains. The outer side of the epidermal cells at the hilum has a hilum, and the inner side has a glandular cell island, which is elliptical. The cell wall is reticulately thickened, and both sides are star-shaped tissues, with cell rays, large cell gaps, and some cell cavities containing brown substances.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过14.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 14.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.

饮片 Prepared slices

白扁豆 White Kidney Bean

炮制 Processing

除去杂质。用时捣碎。
Remove impurities. Grind when ready to use.

性状 Morphology

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

鉴别 Identification

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

检查 Examination

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

炒白扁豆 Stir-fried White Kidney Bean

炮制 Processing

取净白扁豆，照清炒法（通则0213）炒至微黄色具焦斑。用时捣碎。
Take clean white kidney beans, stir-fry them according to the method of stir-frying <0213> until they turn slightly yellow with scorch marks. Grind when ready to use.

性 Property

微温。
Slightly warm.

味 Flavor

甘。
Sweet.

归经 Meridian tropism

归脾、胃经。
Belongs to the spleen and stomach meridians.

功能 Actions

健脾化湿，和中消暑。
Tonify the spleen and resolve dampness, harmonize the middle burner, and relieve summerheat.

主治 Indications

用于脾胃虚弱，食欲不振，大便溏泻，白带过多，暑湿吐泻，胸闷腹胀。炒白扁豆健脾化湿。用于脾虚泄泻，白带过多。
Used for spleen and stomach weakness, poor appetite, loose stools, excessive leukorrhea, summer dampness-induced vomiting and diarrhea, chest stuffiness, and abdominal distension. Stir-fried white kidney bean tonifies the spleen and resolves dampness. Used for spleen deficiency with diarrhea and excessive leukorrhea.

用量 Dosage

9～15 g。
9-15 g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

贮藏 Storage

置干燥处，防蛀。
Store in a dry place, protect from moth.

白扁豆

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为豆科植物扁豆Dolichos lablab L.的干燥成熟种子。秋、冬二季采收成熟果实，晒干，取出种子，再晒干。
White Hyacinth Bean is the dried ripe seed of Dolichos lablab L. (Fam. Leguminosae). The fruit is collected in autumn and winter when ripe, dried in the sun, and the seed is gathered, and dried again in the sun.

性状 Description

本品呈扁椭圆形或扁卵圆形，长8～13mm，宽6～9mm，厚约7mm。表面淡黄白色或淡黄色，平滑，略有光泽，一侧边缘有隆起的白色眉状种阜。质坚硬。种皮薄而脆，子叶2，肥厚，黄白色。气微，味淡，嚼之有豆腥气。
Flattened-ellipsoidal or flattened-ovoid, 8-13 mm long, 6-9 mm wide, about 7 mm thick. Externally pale yellowish-white or pale yellow, smooth, somewhat lustrous, with a white, prominent, eyebrow-shaped caruncle at the edge of one side. Texture hard. Testa thin and brittle, cotyledones 2, plump, yellowish-white. Odour, slight; taste, weak, bean-like on chewing.

鉴别 Identification

本品横切面：表皮为1列栅状细胞，种脐处2列，光辉带明显。支持细胞1列，呈哑铃状，种脐部位为3～5列。其下为10列薄壁细胞，内侧细胞呈颓废状。子叶细胞含众多淀粉粒。种脐部位栅状细胞的外侧有种阜，内侧有管胞岛，椭圆形，细胞壁网状增厚，其两侧为星状组织，细胞星芒伏，有大型的细胞间隙，有的胞腔含棕色物。
Transverse section: Epidermis consisting of 1 layer of palisade cells, 2 layers at hilum, light bend distinct. Supporting cells of 1 layer, dumbell-shaped, 3-5 layers at hilum. Parenchyma consisting of 10 layers of cells, located under supporting cells, the inner ones dilapidated. Cotyledons cell containing numerous starch granules. The outer part of palisade cells at hilum with caruncle, the inner part with tracheid islet, elliptical, walls reticularly thickened, with stellate tissue at two sides, cells stellate, with large intercellular space, some lumen containing brown contents.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过14.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 14.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.

饮片 Prepared slices

白扁豆 White Hyacinth Bean

炮制 Processing

除去杂质。用时捣碎。
Eliminate foreign matter. Break to pieces before use.

性状 Description

【鉴别】【检查】同药材。
As required for the crude drug.

炒白扁豆 Stir-baked White Hyacinth Bean

取净白扁豆，照清炒法（通则0213）炒至微黄色具焦斑。用时捣碎。
Stir-bake the clean White Hyacinth Bean as described under the method for simple stir-baking<0213> until it becomes yellowish, with charred spots. Break to pieces before use.

性 Property

甘，微温。
Mild warm; sweet.

味 Flavor

微温。
Sweet.

归经 Meridian tropism

归脾、胃经。
Spleen and stomach meridians.

功能 Actions

健脾化湿，和中消暑。
To fortify the spleen, resolve dampness, harmonize the middle energizer, and remove summer-heat.

主治 Indications

用于脾胃虚弱，食欲不振，大便溏泻，白带过多，暑湿吐泻，胸闷腹胀。炒白扁豆健脾化湿。用于脾虚泄泻，白带过多。
Spleen-stomach weakness, no appetite, sloppy stool, profuse white vaginal discharge, vomiting and discharge caused by summer-heat-dampness, oppression in the chest, and abdominal distension. Stir-baked White Hyacinth Bean fortifies the spleen, resolves dampness. It is used for diarrhea caused by spleen deficiency and profuse white vaginal discharge.

用量 Dosage

9～15g.
9-15 g.

用法 Administration

无特殊要求。
No special requirements.

贮藏 Storage

置干燥处，防蛀。
Preserve in a dry place, and protect from moth.