茵陈

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为菊科植物滨蒿Artemisia scoparia Waldst.etKit.或茵陈蒿Artemisia capillaris Thunb.的干燥地上部分。春季幼苗高6～10cm时采收或秋季花蕾长成至花初开时采割，除去杂质和老茎，晒干。春季采收的习称“绵茵陈”，秋季釆割的称“花茵陈”。
Capillary Wormwood Herb is the dried aerial part of Artemisia scoparia Waldst.etKit. or Artemisia capillaris Thunb. (Fam. Compositae). The drug is collected in spring when the seedlings are 6-10 cm high or in autumn when the flower buds have grown to the beginning of flowering, removed from impurities and old stems, and dried in the sun. The drug collected in spring is called "Mian Yinchen", and the drug collected in autumn is called "Hua Yinchen".

性状 Description

绵茵陈 Mian Yinchen

多卷曲成团状，灰白色或灰绿色，全体密被白色茸毛，绵软如绒。茎细小，长1.5～2.5cm，直径0.1-0.2cm，除去表面白色茸毛后可见明显纵纹；质脆，易折断。叶具柄；展平后叶片呈一至三回羽状分裂，叶片长1～3cm，宽约1cm；小裂片卵形或稍呈倒披针形、条形，先端锐尖。气清香，味微苦。
Mian Yinchen is curled into a mass, grayish-white or grayish-green, covered with white pubescence, soft and fluffy. Stems slender, 1.5-2.5cm long, 0.1-0.2cm in diameter, with obvious longitudinal ridges visible after removing the white pubescence on the surface; texture brittle, easily broken. Leaves petiolate; when flattened, leaf blades are 1-3cm long and about 1cm wide, with small lobes ovate or slightly inverted-lanceolate, and acute at the apex. Odour, fragrant; taste, slightly bitter.

花茵陈 Hua Yinchen

茎呈圆柱形，多分枝，长30～100cm，直径2～8mm；表面淡紫色或紫色，有纵条纹，被短柔毛；体轻，质脆，断面类白色。叶密集，或多脱落;下部叶二至三回羽状深裂，裂片条形或细条形，两面密被白色柔毛；茎生叶一至二回羽状全裂，基部抱茎，裂片细丝状。头状花序卵形，多数集成圆锥状，长1.2～1.5mm，直径1~1.2mm，有短梗；总苞片3~4层，卵形，苞片3裂；外层雌花6～10个，可多达15个，内层两性花2～10个。瘦果长圆形，黄棕色。气芳香，味微苦。
Hua Yinchen stems cylindrical, often branched, 30-100cm long, 2-8mm in diameter; surface pale purple or purple, with longitudinal stripes, covered with short pubescence; light in weight, brittle, and the fracture surface is whitish. Leaves dense, or many fallen; lower leaves 2-3 times pinnately deeply lobed, lobes linear or filiform, covered with white pubescence on both surfaces; stem leaves 1-2 times pinnately lobed, base clasping the stem, lobes filiform. Capitula ovoid, mostly gathered into a conical shape, 1.2-1.5mm long, 1-1.2mm in diameter, with short peduncles; involucre 3-4 layers, ovate, involucral bracts 3-lobed; outer florets 6-10, up to 15, female, inner florets 2-10, bisexual. Achenes elongate-ovoid, yellow-brown. Odour, aromatic; taste, slightly bitter.

鉴别 Identification

绵茵陈 Mian Yinchen

（1）本品粉末灰绿色。非腺毛“T”字形，长600～1700μm，中部略折成“V”字形，两臂不等长，细胞壁极厚，胞腔多呈细缝状，柄1～2细胞。叶下表皮细胞垂周壁波状弯曲，气孔不定式，副卫细胞3～5个。腺毛较小，顶面观呈椭圆形或鞋底状，细胞成对叠生。
（1）The powder is grayish-green. Non-glandular hairs "T" shaped, 600-1700μm long, slightly folded into a "V" shape in the middle, with unequal arms, extremely thick cell walls, and fine fissures in the cell cavity, with a stalk of 1-2 cells. Epidermal cells of the lower surface of the leaf are wavy and curved in the periclinal wall, stomata are anomocytic, and subsidiary cells are 3-5. Glandular hairs are smaller, with an elliptical or shoe-shaped appearance on the upper surface, and the cells are paired.

（2）取本品粉末0.5g，加50%甲醇20ml，超声处理30分钟，离心，取上清液作为供试品溶液。另取绿原酸对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含0.1mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各2μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以乙酸丁酯-甲酸-水（7：2.5：2.5）的上层溶液为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，置紫外光灯（365nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。
（2）Take 0.5g of the powder, add 20ml of 50% methanol, sonicate for 30 minutes, centrifuge, and take the supernatant as the test solution. Take artemisinin CRS, add methanol to make a solution containing 0.1mg per ml as the reference solution. Perform the thin-layer chromatography test according to the method specified in <0502>, take 2 μl of each of the above two solutions, spot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use the upper layer solution of ethyl acetate-butanoic acid-water (7:2.5:2.5) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, and examine under ultraviolet light at 365nm. In the chromatogram of the test solution, there should be fluorescent spots of the same color at the corresponding positions as in the chromatogram of the reference solution.

花茵陈 Hua Yinchen

取本品粉末0.4g，加甲醇10ml，超声处理30分钟，滤过，滤液回收溶剂至干，残渣加甲醇2ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取滨蒿内酯对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含0.4mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各5μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以石油醚（60～90℃）-乙酸乙酯-丙酮（6：3：0.5）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，置紫外光灯（365nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。
Take 0.4g of the powder, add 10ml of methanol, sonicate for 30 minutes, filter, recover the solvent from the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 2ml of methanol, and use it as the test solution. Take scoparone CRS, add methanol to make a solution containing 0.4mg per ml as the reference solution. Perform the thin-layer chromatography test according to the method specified in <0502>, take 5μl of each of the above two solutions, spot them on the same silica gel G thin-layer plate, use petroleum ether (60-90°C)-ethyl acetate-acetone (6:3:0.5) as the developing agent, develop, take out, dry, and examine under ultraviolet light at 365nm. In the chromatogram of the test solution, there should be fluorescent spots of the same color at the corresponding positions as in the chromatogram of the reference solution.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过12.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 12.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.

浸出物 Extractives

绵茵陈 Mian Yinchen

照水溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，不得少于25.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of water-soluble Extractives <2201,the hot maceration method>, not less than 25.0 per cent.

含量测定 Content determination

绵茵陈 Mian Yinchen

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for determination of content by high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈-0.05%磷酸溶液（10：90）为流动相；检测波长为327nm。理论板数按绿原酸峰计算应不低于5000。
Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the filling material; use acetonitrile-0.05% phosphoric acid solution (10:90) as the mobile phase; detection wavelength is 327nm. The theoretical number of plates calculated from the peak of chlorogenic acid should not be less than 5000.

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution

取绿原酸对照品适量，精密称定，置棕色量瓶中，加50%甲醇制成每1ml含40μg的溶液，即得。
Take an appropriate amount of chlorogenic acid reference substance, accurately weigh it, place it in a brown volumetric flask, and add 50% methanol to make a solution containing 40μg per ml, and set aside.

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品粉末（过二号筛）约1g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入50%甲醇50ml，称定重量，超声处理（功率180W，频率42kHz）30分钟，放冷，再称定重量，用50%甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，离心，精密量取上清液5ml，置25ml棕色量瓶中，加50%甲醇至刻度，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Take about 1g of the powder (passed through a No. 2 sieve), accurately weigh it, place it in a stoppered conical flask, accurately add 50ml of 50% methanol, weigh it, sonicate (power 180W, frequency 42kHz) for 30 minutes, cool, weigh it again, make up for the weight loss with 50% methanol, shake well, centrifuge, accurately take 5ml of the supernatant, place it in a 25ml brown volumetric flask, add 50% methanol to the mark, shake well, filter, and take the subsequent filtrate.

测定法 Determination method

分别精密吸取对照品溶液10μl与供试品溶液5～20μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Accurately suck 10μl of the reference solution and 5-20μl of the test solution, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.

本品按干燥品计算，含绿原酸（C16H18O9）不得少于0.50%。
The content of chlorogenic acid (C16H18O9) in the drug, calculated on the dried basis, should not be less than 0.50%.

花茵陈 Hua Yinchen

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for determination of content by high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈-水（20：80）为流动相；检测波长为345nm。理论板数按滨蒿内酯峰计算应不低于2000。
Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the filling material; use acetonitrile-water (20:80) as the mobile phase; detection wavelength is 345nm. The theoretical number of plates calculated from the peak of scoparone should not be less than 2000.

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution

取滨蒿内酯对照品适量，精密称定，加甲醇制成每1ml含20μg的溶液，即得。
Take an appropriate amount of scoparone reference substance, accurately weigh it, add methanol to make a solution containing 20μg per ml, and set aside.

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品粉末（过二号筛）约0.2g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入甲醇50ml，称定重量，加热回流40分钟，放冷，再称定重量，用甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，离心，取上清液，即得。
Take about 0.2g of the powder (passed through a No. 2 sieve), accurately weigh it, place it in a stoppered conical flask, accurately add 50ml of methanol, weigh it, heat under reflux for 40 minutes, cool, weigh it again, make up for the weight loss with methanol, shake well, centrifuge, and take the supernatant.

测定法 Determination method

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各10μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Accurately suck 10μl of the reference solution and 10μl of the test solution, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.

本品按干燥品计算，含滨蒿内酯（C11H10O4）不得少于0.20%。
The content of scoparone (C11H10O4) in the drug, calculated on the dried basis, should not be less than 0.20%.

饮片 Prepared slices

炮制 Processing

除去残根和杂质，搓碎或切碎。绵茵陈筛去灰屑。
Eliminate residual roots and impurities, rub or cut into pieces. Sieve Mian Yinchen to remove ash.

性 Property

微寒。
Slightly cold.

味 Flavor

苦、辛。
Bitter and pungent.

归经 Meridian tropism

归脾、胃、肝、胆经。
Spleen, stomach, liver, and gallbladder meridians.

功能 Actions

清利湿热，利胆退黄。
To clear and eliminate damp-heat, promote bile flow, and alleviate jaundice.

主治 Indications

用于黄疸尿少，湿温暑湿，湿疮瘙痒。
Used for jaundice with scanty urine, damp-heat syndrome, damp sores, and itching.

用量 Dosage

6～15g。外用适量。
6-15g. For external use, use an appropriate amount.

用法 Administration

煎汤熏洗。
Decoction or fumigation and washing.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处，防潮。
Preserve in a cool and dry place, and protect from moisture.

茵陈

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为菊科植物滨蒿Artemisia scoparia Waldst. et Kit. 或茵陈蒿 Artemisia capillaris Thunb. 的干燥地上部分。春季幼苗高6～10cm时采收或秋季花蕾长成至花初开时采割，除去杂质和老茎，晒干。春季采收的习称“绵茵陈”，秋季采割的称“花茵陈”。
Virgate Wormwood Herb is the dried aerial part of Artemisia scoparia Waldst. et Kit. or Artemisia capillaris Thunb. (Fam. Compositae). The drug is collected in spring when the seedling is 6-10 cm high, or in autumn when the bud is forming to the early stage of flowering, removed from foreign matter and older stem, and dried in the sun. The drug collected in spring is known as "Mianyinchen" and that collected in autumn is known as “Huayinchen”.

性状 Description

绵茵陈
多卷曲成团状，灰白色或灰绿色，全体密被白色茸毛，绵软如绒。茎细小，长，1.5～2.5cm，直径0.1～0.2cm，除去表面白色茸毛后可见明显纵纹；质脆，易折断。叶具柄；展平后叶片呈一至三回羽状分裂，叶片长1～3cm，宽约1cm；小裂片卵形或稍呈倒披针形、条形，先端锐尖。气清香，味微苦。

花茵陈
茎呈圆柱形，多分枝，长30～100cm，直径2～8mm；表面淡紫色或紫色，有纵条纹，被短柔毛；体轻，质脆，断面类白色。叶密集，或多脱落；下部叶二至三回羽状深裂，裂片条形或细条形，两面密被白色柔毛；茎生叶一至二回羽状全裂，基部抱茎，裂片细丝状。头状花序卵形，多数集成圆锥状，长1.2～1.5mm，直径1～1.2mm，有短梗；总苞片3～4层，卵形，苞片3裂；外层雌花6～10个，可多达15个，内层两性花2～10个。瘦果长圆形，黄棕色。气芳香，味微苦。

鉴别 Identification

绵茵陈
（1）本品粉末灰绿色。非腺毛“T”字形，长600～1700μm，中部略折成“V”字形，两臂不等长，细胞壁极厚，胞腔多呈细缝状，柄1～2细胞。

花茵陈
取本品粉末0.4g，加甲醇10ml，超声处理30分钟，滤过，滤液蒸干，残渣加甲醇2ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取滨蒿内酯对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含0.4mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各5μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以石油醚（60～90℃）-乙酸乙酯-丙酮（6：3：0.5）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，置紫外光灯（365nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过12.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 12.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

浸出物 Extractives

绵茵陈
照水溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，不得少于25.0%。

含量测定 Assay

绵茵陈
照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。

色谱条件与系统适用性试验
以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈-0.05%磷酸溶液（10：90）为流动相；检测波长为327nm。理论板数按绿原酸峰计算应不低于5000。

对照品溶液的制备
取绿原酸对照品适量，精密称定，置棕色量瓶中，加50%甲醇制成每1ml含40μg的溶液，即得。

供试品溶液的制备
取本品粉末（过二号筛）约1g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入50%甲醇50ml，称定重量，超声处理（功率180W，频率42kHz）30分钟，放冷，再称定重量，用50%甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，离心，精密量取上清液5ml，置25ml棕色量瓶中，加50%甲醇至刻度，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。

测定法
分别精密吸取对照品溶液10μl与供试品溶液5～20μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。

本品按干燥品计算，含绿原酸（C16H18O9）不得少于0.50%。
It contains not less than 0.50 per cent of chlorogenic acid ( C16 H18 O9) , calculated with reference to the dried drug.

花茵陈
照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。

色谱条件与系统适用性试验
以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈-水（20：80）为流动相；检测波长为345nm。理论板数按滨蒿内酯峰计算应不低于2000。

对照品溶液的制备
取滨蒿内酯对照品适量，精密称定，加甲醇制成每1ml含20μg的溶液，即得。

供试品溶液的制备
取本品粉末（过二号筛）约0.2g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入甲醇50ml，称定重量，加热回流40分钟，放冷，再称定重量，用甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，离心，取上清液，即得。

测定法
分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各10μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。

本品按干燥品计算，含滨蒿内酯（C11H10O4）不得少于0.20%。
It contains not less than 0.20 per cent of scoparone (C11 H10 O4) , calculated with reference to the dried drug.##饮片 | Prepared slices

茵陈 Mianyinchen

炮制 Processing

除去残根和杂质，搓碎或切碎。绵茵陈筛去灰屑。
Eliminate remains of roots and foreign matter, rub or cut into pieces. For Mianyinchen, sift to remove dust.

性 Property

微寒。
Mild cold.

味 Flavor

苦、辛。
Bitter and pungent.

归经 Meridian tropism

归脾、胃、肝、胆经。
Spleen, stomach, liver and gallbladder meridians.

功能 Actions

清利湿热，利胆退黄。
To clear and drain dampness-heat, disinhibit gallbladder and abate jaundice.

主治 Indications

用于黄疸尿少，湿温暑湿，湿疮瘙痒。
Jaundice, scanty urination, dampness-warmth, summerheat-dampness, and itching caused by dampness sore.

用量 Dosage

6～15g。
6-15 g.

用法 Administration

外用适量，煎汤熏洗。
Appropriate amount for topical application. It can be decocted for fuming-washing therapy.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处，防潮。
Preserve in a cool and dry place, and protect from moisture.