This product is the dried leaves (or tender branches) of the plant Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt., a member of the mint family. It is harvested during the summer when the branches and leaves are lush, then impurities are removed and it is dried in the sun.
NMM ID | nmm-01w2 |
Systematic Name | Perilla frutescens Leaf or Shoot-with-leaf |
Systematic Chinese Name | 紫苏叶或带叶嫩枝（zǐ sū yè huò dài yè nèn zhī） |
Generic Name | Zi-su-ye |
Generic Chinese Name | 紫苏叶（zǐ sū yè） |
Standardized Translation | Perilla frutescens Leaf or Shoot-with-leaf (NMM-01W2, Zi-su-ye) |
Standardized Chinese Translation | 紫苏叶或带叶嫩枝（NMM-01W2，紫苏叶） |
NMM Type | plant |
Species Origins | Perilla frutescens | 紫苏 |
Medicinal Parts | leaf | 叶orshoot with leaf | 带叶嫩枝 |
Special Descriptions | |
Processing Methods | |
Systematic Name Explanation | This product is the dried leaves (or tender branches) of the plant Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt., a member of the mint family. It is harvested during the summer when the branches and leaves are lush, then impurities are removed and it is dried in the sun. |
Generic Name Explanation | NMMGN follows the Chinese name of the relevant Chinese medicinal materials in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia: 2020 edition: Volume I. |
Parent NMM | |
Child NMMs | |
Creators | |
Reviewers |
紫苏叶
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)
Overview
Perilla Leaf is the dried leaf (or leaf with tender stem) of Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. (Fam. Labiatae). The drug is collected in summer when the branches and leaves are luxuriant, removed from impurities, and dried in the sun.
Description
Leaves irregularly wrinkled, curled, and broken; when whole, ovate or elliptical, 4-11cm long, 2.5-9cm wide; apex long-pointed or acute; base rounded or broadly cuneate; margin with rounded serrations. Both surfaces purple or upper surface green, lower surface purple, sparsely covered with grayish-white hairs, and with numerous glandular scales in concave dots on the lower surface. Petiole 2-7cm long, purple or purple-green. Texture brittle. When the leaf has tender stem, the stem is 2-5mm in diameter, purple-green, and has medullated section in the middle. Odour, fragrant; taste, slightly pungent.
Identification
（1）The surface of the leaf is made into a section: some cells in the epidermis contain purple pigment, and when 10% hydrochloric acid solution is added, it immediately turns red; or when 5% potassium hydroxide solution is added, it immediately turns bright green, and then changes to yellow-green.
The powder is brownish-green. Non-glandular hairs consist of 1-7 cells, with a diameter of 16-346μm, and the surface has linear texture. Some cells are filled with purple-red or pink substances. The head of glandular hair is mostly composed of 2 cells, with a diameter of 17-36μm, and the stalk is a single cell. Glandular scales are often broken, and the head consists of 4-8 cells. Epidermal cells of both upper and lower surfaces are irregular in shape, with wavy curved periclinal walls, and the stomata are of the paracytic type, with more stomata on the lower surface. Calcium oxalate cluster crystals are small and exist in mesophyll cells.
（2）Take the volatile oil under the "Content Determination" section, add n-hexane to make a solution containing 10μl per ml as the test solution. Take perillaldehyde CRS, add n-hexane to make a solution containing 10μl per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of n-hexane and ethyl acetate (15:1) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 2μl of each of the above two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with a solution of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine in ethanol. The fluorescent spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference solution.
（3）Take 0.5g of the powder, add 25ml of methanol, treat with ultrasound for 30 minutes, filter, concentrate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 2ml of methanol as the test solution. Take 0.5g of the reference drug of Perilla Leaf, and prepare the reference drug solution by the same method. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of ethyl acetate, methanol, formic acid, and water (9:0.5:1:0.5) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 3μl of each of the above two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with a 10% solution of sulfuric acid in ethanol, heat at 105°C to the spots clear. Examine under ultraviolet light at 365nm. The fluorescent spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference drug solution.
Examination
Water
Not more than 12.0 per cent <0832,method 4>.
Content Determination
The method for determination of volatile oil<2204> is used, and the reflux is maintained for 2.5 hours.
The volatile oil content of this product shall not be less than 0.40% (ml/g).
Prepared slices
Perilla Leaf
Processing
Eliminate impurities and old stems; or spray with water, cut into pieces, and dry.
Description
This product is irregular segments or uncut leaves. The leaves are mostly wrinkled, curled, and broken, and the intact ones are oval after being flattened. The edges are roundly serrate. Purple on both sides or green on the upper surface, purple on the lower surface, sparsely grayish-white hairs. The petioles are purple or purplish-green. With young branches, the diameter of the branches is 2~5mm, purple-green, and there is pith in the middle of the section. The air is fragrant and the taste is slightly pungent.
Content Determination
Same as the crude drug. The volatile oil content of this product shall not be less than 0.20% (ml/g).
Identification
Same as the crude drug.
Examination
Same as the crude drug.
Property
Warm.
Flavor
Pungent.
Meridian tropism
Lung and spleen meridians.
Actions
To release the exterior and dispel cold, promote the circulation of qi, and harmonize the stomach.
Indications
Used for wind-cold common cold, cough and nausea, vomiting during pregnancy, and fish and crab poisoning.
Dosage
5-10g.
Administration
None.
Storage
Preserve in a cool and dry place.
紫苏叶
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)
Overview
Perilla Leaf is the dried leaf (or bearing young branch) of Perilla frutescens (L. )Britt. (Fam. Labiatae). The drug is collected in summer when foliage branch growing luxuriantly, removed from foreign matter, and dried in the sun.
Description
Mostly crumpled, rolled and broken, when whole, ovate, 4-11 cm long, 2.5-9 cm wide. Apex acuminate or acute, base rounded or broadly cuneate, margin crenate. Both surfaces purple or the upper green and the lower purple, scattered with greyish-white hairs, and occurring numerous dotted glandular scales on the lower surface. Petioles 2-7 cm long, purple or purplish-green. Texture fragile. Young branches, 2-5 mm in diameter purplish-green, with a pith in the centre of fracture. Odour, delicately aromatic; taste, slightly pungent.
Identification
本品粉末棕绿色。非腺毛1～7细胞，直径16～346μm，表面具线状纹理，有的细胞充满紫红色或粉红色物。腺毛头部多为2细胞，直径17～36μm，柄单细胞。腺鳞常破碎，头部4～8细胞。上、下表皮细胞不规则形，垂周壁波状弯曲，气孔直轴式，下表皮气孔较多。草酸钙簇晶细小，存在于叶肉细胞中。
Examination
Water
Not more than 12.0 per cent <0832, method 4>.
Assay
本品含挥发油不得少于0.40%（ml/g）。
Prepared slices
Perilla Leaf
Processing
Eliminate foreign matter and old branches or spray with water, cut into pieces and dry.
In irregular sections or uncut leaves. Leaves mostly crumpled and rolled, broken, ovate when whole, margin crenate. Both surfaces purple, or the upper green and the lower purple, scattered with greyish-white hairs. Petioles purple or purplish-green Young branches 2-5 mm in diameter, purplish-green, with a pith in the centre of fracture. Odour, delicately aromatic; taste, slightly pungent.
Assay
Assay Not less than 0.20 per cent (ml/g) of volatile oil, following the method for the crude drug.
Identification and Water
Identification and Water As required for the crude drug.
Property
Warm; pungent.
Flavor
Slightly pungent.
Meridian tropism
Lung and spleen meridians.
Actions
To release the exterior, dissipate cold, move qi, and harmonize the stomach.
Indications
Common cold caused by wind-cold, cough, vomiting, nausea, morning sickness, and seafood poisoning.
Dosage
5-10 g.
Administration
No specific administration method.
Storage
Preserve in a cool and dry place.
Natural Medicinal Material
This product is the dried leaves (or tender branches) of the plant Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt., a member of the mint family. It is harvested during the summer when the branches and leaves are lush, then impurities are removed and it is dried in the sun.