This product is the dried whole plant of the violet family plant, Viola yedoensis Makino. It is harvested in the spring and autumn seasons, impurities are removed, and then it is dried in the sun.
NMM ID | nmm-01vt |
Systematic Name | Viola philippica Herb |
Systematic Chinese Name | 紫花地丁全草（zǐ huā dì dīng quán cǎo） |
Generic Name | Zi-hua-di-ding |
Generic Chinese Name | 紫花地丁（zǐ huā dì dīng） |
Standardized Translation | Viola philippica Herb (NMM-01VT, Zi-hua-di-ding) |
Standardized Chinese Translation | 紫花地丁全草（NMM-01VT，紫花地丁） |
NMM Type | plant |
Species Origins | Viola philippica | 紫花地丁 |
Medicinal Parts | herb | 全草 |
Special Descriptions | |
Processing Methods | |
Systematic Name Explanation | This product is the dried whole plant of the violet family plant, Viola yedoensis Makino. It is harvested in the spring and autumn seasons, impurities are removed, and then it is dried in the sun. |
Generic Name Explanation | NMMGN follows the Chinese name of the relevant Chinese medicinal materials in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia: 2020 edition: Volume I. |
Parent NMM | |
Child NMMs | |
Creators | |
Reviewers |
紫花地丁
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)
Overview
Violet Herb is the dried aerial part of Viola yedoensis Makino (Fam. Violaceae). The drug is collected in spring and autumn, removed from impurities, and dried.
Description
The drug is in irregular masses, often wrinkled. The main root is long-conical, measuring 1-3mm in diameter, pale yellowish-brown, with fine longitudinal wrinkles. Leaves are basal, grayish-green, and become lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate after being flattened, measuring 1.5-6cm long and 1-2cm wide. The apex is obtuse, the base is truncate or slightly cordate, the margin is bluntly serrate, and both surfaces are hairy. The petiole is slender, measuring 2-6cm long, and the upper part has obvious narrow wings. The flower stem is slender. The petals are 5, purple or pale brown. The corolla tube is slender. The capsule is ellipsoid or 3-lobed, containing numerous seeds that are pale brown. The odor is slight, and the taste is slightly bitter and sticky.
Identification
（1）Transverse section of the leaf: The upper epidermal cells are larger, elongated in the longitudinal direction, with thicker outer walls and mucification of the inner walls, often expanding into a semicircular shape. The lower epidermal cells are smaller, occasionally with mucilage cells. The upper and lower epidermis have single non-glandular hairs, measuring 32-240μm in length and 24-32μm in diameter, with short lines of cuticle. The palisade cells are arranged in 2-3 rows, and the spongy cells are round, containing clusters of calcium oxalate crystals, with a diameter of 11-40 μm. The vascular bundles of the main veins are collateral, and there are 1-2 rows of thick-walled cells in the inner side of the upper and lower epidermis.
（2）Take 2g of the powder, add 20ml of methanol, treat with ultrasound for 20 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 10ml of hot water with stirring, filter, recover the solvent from the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 1ml of methanol as the test solution. Take another 2g of the reference drug of Violet Herb, prepare the reference drug solution in the same way. Take quercetin CRS as the reference substance, dissolve it in methanol to produce a solution containing 0.1mg per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of toluene-acetic acid- formic acid (5:3:1) as the upper layer solution. Apply separately to the plate 5-10μl of each of the test solution, the reference drug solution, and the reference solution. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Examine under ultraviolet light at 365nm. The fluorescent spots in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position and colour to the spots in the chromatograms obtained with the reference drug solution and the reference solution.
Examination
Water
Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.
Total ash
Not more than 18.0 per cent <2302>.
Acid-insoluble ash
Not more than 4.0 per cent <2302>.
Extractives
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble Extractives <2201,the cold maceration method>, using 95% ethanol as the solvent,not less than 5.0 per cent.
Assay
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography<0512>.
Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test
Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the filler; use acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid solution (10:90) as the mobile phase; detect at a wavelength of 344 nm, and the theoretical plate number calculated based on the peak of quercetin should not be less than 5000.
Preparation of reference solution
Take an appropriate amount of quercetin CRS, accurately weigh, dissolve in methanol to produce a solution containing 0.1mg per ml, and set aside.
Preparation of test solution
Take about 0.5g of the powder (passed through a No. 3 sieve), accurately weigh, add 50ml of methanol with precision, weigh again, heat under reflux at 70°C for 30 minutes, cool, weigh again, make up for the weight lost with methanol, shake well, filter, and take the subsequent filtrate.
Method
Accurately draw 5μl of each of the reference solution and the test solution, inject into the liquid chromatograph, and measure to obtain the result.
Calculated on the dried basis, the content of quercetin (C9H6O4) should not be less than 0.20%.
Prepared slices
Violet Herb
Processing
Eliminate Foreign matter, wash clean, cut into pieces, and dry.
Property
Cold.
Flavor
Bitter and pungent.
Meridian tropism
Heart and liver meridians.
Actions
To clear heat and detoxify, cool blood, and reduce swelling.
Indications
Used for carbuncles and sores, furuncles and abscesses, erysipelas, and snake bites.
Dosage
15-30 g.
Administration
None.
Storage
Preserve in a dry place.
紫花地丁
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)
Overview
Tokyo Violet Herb is the dried herb of Viola yedoensis Makino (Fam. Violaceae). The drug is collected in spring and autumn, removed from foreign matter, and dried in the sun.
Description
Frequently crumpled into masses. The main roots long-conical, 1-3 mm in diameter, pale yellowish-brown, with fine longitudinal wrinkles. Leaves basal, greyish-green, when whole, lanceolate or ovate lanceolate, 1.5-6 cm long, 1-2 cm wide; apex obtuse, base truncate or somewhat cordate, margin obtusely serrate, both surfaces pubescent; petioles slender, 2-6 cm long, the upper part with distinct narrow wings. Pedicels slender; petals 5, purple or pale brown; hypanthium slender tubular. Capsules elliptical or 3-splitted; seeds numerous, pale brown. Odour, slight; taste, slightly bitter and sticky.
Identification
（2）取本品粉末2g，加甲醇20ml，超声处理20分钟，滤过，滤液蒸干，残渣加热水10ml，搅拌使溶解，滤过，滤液蒸干，残渣加甲醇1ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取紫花地丁对照药材2g，同法制成对照药材溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取供试品溶液5～10μl、对照药材溶液5μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以甲苯-乙酸乙酯-甲酸（5：3：1）的上层溶液为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，置紫外光灯（365nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱相应的位置上，显3个相同颜色的荧光主斑点。
Examination
Water
Not more than 14.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.
Total ash
Not more than 8.0 per cent <2302>.
Extractives
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble Extractives <2201,the cold maceration method>, using anhydrous ethanol as the solvent,not less than 1.9 per cent.
Prepared slices
Tokyo Violet Herb
Processing
Eliminate foreign matter, wash clean, cut into pieces, and dry.
Property
Cold.
Flavor
Bitter and pungent.
Meridian tropism
Heart and liver meridians.
Actions
To clear heat, remove toxin, cool the blood, and disperse swelling.
Indications
Deep-rooted boil and sore, swelling and toxin, abscesses and cellulitis, carbuncle of the back, erysipelas, and bites of viper.
Dosage
15-30 g.
Administration
No special requirements.
Storage
Preserve in a dry place.
Botanical Information
This product is the dried whole plant of the violet family plant, Viola yedoensis Makino.
Processing and Preparation
It is harvested in the spring and autumn seasons, impurities are removed, and then it is dried in the sun.