This NMM is the dried sterile fruit of the legume plant Gleditsia sinensis Lam. It is harvested in autumn, impurities are removed, and then it is dried.
NMM ID | nmm-01s3 |
Systematic Name | Gleditsia sinensis Fruit-sterile |
Systematic Chinese Name | 皂荚不育果（zào jiá bù yù guǒ） |
Generic Name | Zhu-ya-zao |
Generic Chinese Name | 猪牙皂（zhū yá zào） |
Standardized Translation | Gleditsia sinensis Fruit-sterile (NMM-01S3, Zhu-ya-zao) |
Standardized Chinese Translation | 皂荚不育果（NMM-01S3，猪牙皂） |
NMM Type | plant |
Species Origins | Gleditsia sinensis | 皂荚 |
Medicinal Parts | fruit sterile | 不育果 |
Special Descriptions | |
Processing Methods | |
Systematic Name Explanation | This NMM is the dried sterile fruit of the legume plant Gleditsia sinensis Lam. It is harvested in autumn, impurities are removed, and then it is dried. |
Generic Name Explanation | NMMGN follows the Chinese name of the relevant Chinese NMM in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia: 2020 edition: Volume I. |
Parent NMM | |
Child NMMs | |
Creators | |
Reviewers |
猪牙皂
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)
Overview
Gleditsia Fruit (Abnormal) is the dried abnormal fruit of Gleditsia sinensis Lam. (Fam. Leguminosae). The drug is collected in autumn, freed from impurities, and dried.
Description
Fruits cylindrical, slightly flattened and curved, 5-11cm long, 0.7-1.5cm wide; surface purple-brown or purple-brown, covered with grayish-white waxy powder, lustrous after wiping, with small wart-like projections and linear or reticulate cracks. Apex with the remains of a beak-shaped style, base with the remains of a fruit stalk. Texture hard and brittle, easily broken; fracture yellowish-brown, spongy in the middle, with pale green or pale brownish-yellow filaments, occasionally with undeveloped seeds. Odour, slight; taste, sweet at first, then pungent.
Identification
（1）The powder is brownish-yellow. Numerous stone cells are mostly circular, elongated, or irregular in shape, with a diameter of 15-53μm. Fibers mostly occur in bundles, with a diameter of 10-25μm, slightly lignified walls, and peripheral cells containing calcium oxalate prisms and a few cluster crystals, forming crystal fibers; beside the fiber bundles, there are often thick-walled cells of square or rectangular shape. Calcium oxalate prisms are 6-15μm long; cluster crystals have a diameter of 6-14μm. There are many lignified thin-walled cells, and the pits and pits are obvious. The epidermal cells of the fruit peel are reddish-brown, and the surface appears polygonal, with a thicker wall and granular horny texture visible on the surface.
（2）Take 1g of the powder, add 8ml of ethanol, heat under reflux for 5 minutes, cool, and filter. Take 0.5ml of the filtrate, place it in a small porcelain dish, evaporate to dryness, cool, add 3 drops of acetic anhydride, stir well, add 2 drops of sulfuric acid along the wall of the dish, and gradually show a reddish-purple color.
（3）Take 1g of the powder, add 10ml of water, boil for 10 minutes, filter, and vigorously shake the filtrate to produce persistent foam (lasting for more than 15 minutes).
（4）Take 1g of the powder, add 10ml of methanol, treat with ultrasound for 30 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 10ml of water, extract with 10ml of ethyl acetate, take the ethyl acetate solution, evaporate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 1ml of methanol as the test solution. Take 1g of the reference drug Gleditsia Fruit (Abnormal), prepare the reference drug solution in the same way. Perform the thin-layer chromatography test<0502> using silica gel G as the coating substance and a lower layer solution of chloroform-methanol-water-acetic acid (18:1:0.6:0.2) as the mobile phase. Apply 10μl of each of the above two solutions separately to the same silica gel G thin-layer plate. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with a 10% solution of sulfuric acid in ethanol, heat at 105°C to the spots clear. The fluorescent spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference drug solution.
Examination
Water
Not more than 14.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.
Total ash
Not more than 5.0 per cent <2302>.
Prepared slices
Gleditsia Fruit (Abnormal)
Processing
Eliminate Foreign matter, wash clean, dry in the sun. Crush before use.
Description
Same as the crude drug.
Identification
Same as the crude drug.
Examination
Same as the crude drug.
Property
Warm.
Flavor
Pungent and salty.
Meridian tropism
Lung and large intestine meridians.
Actions
To resolve phlegm, open the orifices, disperse nodules, and reduce swelling.
Indications
Used for stroke with locked jaw, coma with unresponsiveness, epilepsy with excessive phlegm, obstruction of the orifices, throat impediment with phlegm obstruction, stubborn phlegm with wheezing and coughing, uncomfortable expectoration, and dry stool; externally for treating carbuncles and swelling.
Dosage
1-1.5g. For external use, apply an appropriate amount.
Administration
Often used in pill or powder form. Powder to induce sneezing or apply the powder to the affected area.
Precautions
Slightly toxic. Not to be used by pregnant women, patients with hemoptysis or hematemesis.
Storage
Store in a dry place, protected from moth.
猪牙皂
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)
Overview
Chinese Honeylocust Abnormal Fruit is the dried sterile fruit of Gleditsia sinensis Lam. (Fam. Leguminosae). The drug is collected in autumn, removed from foreign matter, and dried.
Description
Cylindrical, somewhat flattened and curved, 5-11 cm long, 0.7-1.5 cm wide. Externally purplish-brown, covered with greyish-white, waxy, frost-like powders, lustrous after rubbed away, and with fine warts and linear or reticulated fissures. Apex with a beak-shaped remain of stylopod, base with a scar of fruit stalk. Texture hard and fragile, easily broken; fracture brownish-yellow, lax in the centre, with pale green or brownish-yellow filiform substances, occasionally bearing incomplete grown seeds. Odour, slight and irritating; taste, sweet then pungent.
Identification
（2）取本品粉末1g，加乙醇8ml，加热回流5分钟，放冷，滤过。取滤液0.5ml，置小瓷皿中，蒸干，放冷，加醋酐3滴，搅匀，沿皿壁加硫酸2滴，渐显红紫色。
Examination
Water
Not more than 14.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.
Total ash
Not more than 5.0 per cent <2302>.
Prepared slices
Chinese Honeylocust
Processing
Eliminate foreign matter, wash and dry in the sun. Break to pieces before use.
Property
Warm; pungent, salty; slightly toxic.
Flavor
Sweet then pungent.
Meridian tropism
Lung and large intestine meridians.
Actions
To dispel phlegm, open the orifices, dissipate binds, and relieve swelling.
Indications
Wind-stroke with closed mouth, coma, epilepsy with exuberant phlegm, closed orifices, throat bi disorder caused by phlegm obstruction, dyspnea and cough caused by stubborn phlegm, ungratifying expectoration of phlegm, and dry stool binds. Topical application: swelling abscess.
Dosage
1-1.5 g, usually used in pills or powder. Appropriate amount for topical application. Ground it into powder for blowing into nose to sneeze, or ground it into powder for applying to the affected area.
Precautions
Contraindicated during pregnancy, or in patients with hemoptysis or hematemesis.
Storage
Preserve in a dry place, and protect from moth.
Botanical Information
This product is the dried sterile fruit of the legume plant Gleditsia sinensis Lam.
Processing and Preparation
It is harvested in autumn, impurities are removed, and then it is dried.