This product is the dried root of the Euphorbiaceae plant Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata or Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. It is harvested in the spring and autumn seasons, cleaned, sliced, and dried in the sun.
NMM ID | nmm-01n5 |
Systematic Name | Euphorbia fischeriana vel kansuensis Root |
Systematic Chinese Name | 狼毒大戟或甘肃大戟根（láng dú dà jǐ huò gān sù dà jǐ gēn） |
Generic Name | Lang-du |
Generic Chinese Name | 狼毒（láng dú） |
NMM Type | plant |
Species Origins | Euphorbia fischeriana | 狼毒大戟orEuphorbia kansuensis | 甘肃大戟 |
Medicinal Parts | root | 根 |
Special Descriptions | |
Processing Methods | |
Systematic Name Explanation | This product is the dried root of the Euphorbiaceae plant Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata or Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. It is harvested in the spring and autumn seasons, cleaned, sliced, and dried in the sun. |
Generic Name Explanation | NMMGN follows the Chinese name of the relevant Chinese medicinal materials in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia: 2020 edition: Volume I. |
Parent NMM | |
Child NMMs | |
Creators | |
Reviewers |
狼毒
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)
Overview
Euphorbia Root is the dried root of Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata or Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. (Fam. Euphorbiaceae). The drug is collected in spring and autumn, washed clean, sliced, and dried.
Description
Euphorbia ebracteolata
Irregularly shaped or elongated pieces, measuring 1.5-8 cm in diameter and 0.3-4 cm in thickness. Outer surface thin, yellowish-brown or grayish-brown, easily peeled off to expose the yellowish cork. Cut surface yellowish-white, with yellowish irregular marble-like texture or ring-like pattern. Light in weight, brittle in texture, easily broken, and powdery on the fractured surface. Odour, slight; taste, slightly pungent.
Euphorbia fischeriana
Outer surface brownish-yellow, cut surface with blackish-brown texture or ring-like pattern. Sticky after soaking in water, visible sticky filaments when torn.
Identification
Euphorbia ebracteolata
(1)Powder yellowish white. Numerous starch grains, single grains spherical, elongated or semi-circular, measuring 3-34 μm in diameter, with hilum fissure-like, herringbone-like or star-like, faintly visible large-grain layer striations; compound grains consisting of 2-5 grains; half-compound grains easily visible. Reticulate vessels with bordered pits, measuring 18-80 μm. Laticiferous vessels mostly fragmented, containing droplet-like secretions scattered; sometimes laticiferous vessels filled with yellow secretions.
Euphorbia fischeriana
Powder yellowish brown.Single starch grains up to 24 μm in diameter, compound grains consisting of 2-7 grains, few half-compound grains. Reticulate vessels with bordered pits, measuring 102 μm. Latex colorless.
(2)To 2 g of the coarse powder add 30 ml of ethanol, heat under reflux for 1 hour, cool, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 2 ml of methanol as the test solution. Prepare a solution of the reference drug Euphorbia fischeriana in the same manner as the test solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of cyclohexane and ethyl acetate (8.5:1.5) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 2 μl of each of the above two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with a 10% solution of sulfuric acid in ethanol, heat at 105°C to the spots clear. Examine under ultraviolet light at 365 nm. The fluorescent spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference drug.
Examination
Impurities
Not more than 2.0 per cent <2301>.
Water
Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.
Total ash
Not more than 9.0 per cent <2302>.
Acid-insoluble ash
Not more than 4.0 per cent <2302>.
Extractives
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble Extractives <2201>, the hot maceration method, using diluted ethanol as the solvent, not less than 18.0 per cent.
Prepared slices
Euphorbia Root（unprepared）
Processing
Eliminate impurities, wash clean, soften briefly, cut into slices, and dry in the sun.
Description
Euphorbia ebracteolata
Irregularly shaped or elongated pieces. Outer surface thin, yellowish-brown or grayish-brown, easily peeled off to expose the yellowish cork. Cut surface yellowish-white, with yellowish-white to yellowish-brown irregular marble-like texture or ring-like pattern. Light in weight, brittle in texture, easily broken, and powdery on the fractured surface. Odour, slight; taste, slightly pungent.
Euphorbia fischeriana
Outer surface brownish-yellow, cut surface with blackish-brown texture or ring-like pattern. Sticky after soaking in water, visible sticky filaments when torn.
Vinegar-treated Euphorbia Root
Processing
Take clean Euphorbia Root and fry them dry according to the vinegar method <0213>.
For every 100 kg of Euphorbia Root, use 30-50 kg of vinegar.
Description
The drug is similar to Euphorbia Root. It is slightly darker in color and has a slight vinegar aroma.
Examination
Total ash
Same as the herb,not more than 7.0 per cent.
Acid-insoluble ash
Same as the herb,not more than 1.0 per cent.
Water
Same as the herb.
Extractives
Same as the herb,not less than 20.0 per cent.
Identification
Same as the herb.
Property
Neutral.
Toxicity
Toxic.
Flavor
Pungent.
Meridian tropism
Liver and spleen meridians.
Actions
To disperse nodules and kill parasites.
Indications
To disperse nodules and kill parasites. Used externally for lymphadenitis, tinea, and maggot infestation.
Dosage
None.
Administration
Decocted for external application.
Precautions
Not to be used with Mitosan.
Storage
Preserve in a well-ventilated and dry place, protected from moth.
狼毒
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)
Overview
Bracteole-lacked Euphorbia Root is the dried root of Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata or Euphorbia fischeriana Steud (Fam. Euphorbiaceae). The drug is collected in autumn and spring, washed clean, cut into slices, and dried in the sun.
Description
Root of Euphorbia ebracteolata Subrounded or oblong pieces or slices, 1.5-8 cm in diameter, 0.3-4 cm in thickness. Outer bark thin, yellowish-brown or greyish-brown, easily exfoliated and exposed the yellow inner bark. Cut surface yellowish-white, bearing yellow irregular marbly striations or annular rings. Texture light and fragile, easily broken, fracture starchy. Odour, slight; taste slightly pungent.
Root of Euphorbia fischeriana Outer bark brownish-yellow, cut surface bearing blackish-brown striations or annular rings. Showing viscousness after soaked in water, viscous threads visible when tom.
Identification
(1) Powder: Root of Euphorbia ebrac-teolata Yellowish-white. Starch granules numerous, single granules spherical, oblong or semirounded, 3-34 μm in diameter, hilum cleft, V-shaped or stellated, striations faint visible in large ones; compound granules of 2-5 components; semi-compound granules easily found. Reti-culate bordered pitted vessels 18-80 μm in diameter. Nonarticulate laticiferous tubes mostly broken, oil drops scattered; sometimes yellow secretions full of the tube.
(2) To 2 g of the coarse powder add 30 ml of ethanol, heat under reflux for 1 hour, cool and filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness. Dissolve the residue in 2 ml of methanol as the test solution. Prepare a solution of 2 g of Euphorbiae Ebracteolatae Radix reference drug in the same manner as the reference drug solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography <0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of cyclohexane and ethyl acetate (8.5 : 1.5) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 2 μl of each of the above two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air, spray with a 10% solution of sulfuric acid in ethanol, heat at 105℃ to spots clear. Examine under ultraviolet light at 365 nm. The fluorescent spots in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position and colour to the spots obtained with the reference drug solution.
Examination
Foreign matter
Not more than 2 per cent <2301>.
Water
Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.
Total ash
Not more than 9.0 per cent <2302>.
Acid-insoluble ash
Not more than 4.0 per cent <2302>.
Extractives
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble extractives <2201, the hot extraction method>, using dilute ethanol as the solvent, not less than 18.0 per cent.
Prepared slices
Bracteole-lacked Euphorbia
Processing
Euphorbiae Ebracteolatae Radix (unprepared) Eliminate foreign matter, wash clean, soften thoroughly, cut into slices and dry in the sun.
Euphorbiae Ebraeteolatae Radix (stir-baked with vinegar) Stir-bake the slices of Euphorbiae Ebracteolatae Radix as described under the method of stir-baking with vinegar <0213> to dryness. To each 100 kg of Euphorbiae Ebracteolatae Radix add 30-50 kg of vinegar.
The shape similar to the crude drugs, externally somewhat deeper in colour, slightly with vinegar odour.
Examination
Total ash
Same as the crude drug, not more than 7.0 per cent.
Acid-insoluble ash
Same as the crude drug, not more than 1.0 per cent.
Extractives
Same as the crude drug, not less than 20.0 per cent.
Identification
【性味与归经】辛，平；有毒。归肝、脾经。
This product is the dried root of the Euphorbiaceae plant Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata or Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. It is harvested in the spring and autumn seasons, cleaned, sliced, and dried in the sun.