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NMM
Euphorbia fischeriana vel kansuensis Root
nmm
natural_medicinal_material
cmm
chinese_medicinal_material
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Abstract

This product is the dried root of the Euphorbiaceae plant Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata or Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. It is harvested in the spring and autumn seasons, cleaned, sliced, and dried in the sun.


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Systematic Nomenclature for Natural Medicinal Materials
NMM ID
nmm-01n5
Systematic Name
Euphorbia fischeriana vel kansuensis Root
Systematic Chinese Name
狼毒大戟或甘肃大戟根(láng dú dà jǐ huò gān sù dà jǐ gēn)
Generic Name
Lang-du
Generic Chinese Name
狼毒(láng dú)
NMM Type
plant
Species Origins
Euphorbia fischeriana | 狼毒大戟orEuphorbia kansuensis | 甘肃大戟
Medicinal Parts
root | 根
Special Descriptions
Processing Methods
Systematic Name Explanation

This product is the dried root of the Euphorbiaceae plant Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata or Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. It is harvested in the spring and autumn seasons, cleaned, sliced, and dried in the sun.

Generic Name Explanation

NMMGN follows the Chinese name of the relevant Chinese medicinal materials in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia: 2020 edition: Volume I.

Parent NMM
Child NMMs
Creators
Reviewers
3
Chinese Pharmacopoeia
3.1
Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

Description
En
The Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition) is the 11th edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia published in 2020, which is the current Chinese Pharmacopoeia standard. Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition) includes 616 Chinese NMM monographs.

狼毒

English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

狼毒
Langdu
Euphorbiae Ebracteolatae Radix
Euphorbia Root

Overview

Euphorbia Root is the dried root of Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata or Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. (Fam. Euphorbiaceae). The drug is collected in spring and autumn, washed clean, sliced, and dried.

Description

Euphorbia ebracteolata

Irregularly shaped or elongated pieces, measuring 1.5-8 cm in diameter and 0.3-4 cm in thickness. Outer surface thin, yellowish-brown or grayish-brown, easily peeled off to expose the yellowish cork. Cut surface yellowish-white, with yellowish irregular marble-like texture or ring-like pattern. Light in weight, brittle in texture, easily broken, and powdery on the fractured surface. Odour, slight; taste, slightly pungent.

Euphorbia fischeriana

Outer surface brownish-yellow, cut surface with blackish-brown texture or ring-like pattern. Sticky after soaking in water, visible sticky filaments when torn.

Identification

Euphorbia ebracteolata

(1)Powder yellowish white. Numerous starch grains, single grains spherical, elongated or semi-circular, measuring 3-34 μm in diameter, with hilum fissure-like, herringbone-like or star-like, faintly visible large-grain layer striations; compound grains consisting of 2-5 grains; half-compound grains easily visible. Reticulate vessels with bordered pits, measuring 18-80 μm. Laticiferous vessels mostly fragmented, containing droplet-like secretions scattered; sometimes laticiferous vessels filled with yellow secretions.

Euphorbia fischeriana

Powder yellowish brown.Single starch grains up to 24 μm in diameter, compound grains consisting of 2-7 grains, few half-compound grains. Reticulate vessels with bordered pits, measuring 102 μm. Latex colorless.

(2)To 2 g of the coarse powder add 30 ml of ethanol, heat under reflux for 1 hour, cool, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 2 ml of methanol as the test solution. Prepare a solution of the reference drug Euphorbia fischeriana in the same manner as the test solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of cyclohexane and ethyl acetate (8.5:1.5) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 2 μl of each of the above two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with a 10% solution of sulfuric acid in ethanol, heat at 105°C to the spots clear. Examine under ultraviolet light at 365 nm. The fluorescent spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference drug.

Examination

Impurities

Not more than 2.0 per cent <2301>.

Water

Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

Total ash

Not more than 9.0 per cent <2302>.

Acid-insoluble ash

Not more than 4.0 per cent <2302>.

Extractives

Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble Extractives <2201>, the hot maceration method, using diluted ethanol as the solvent, not less than 18.0 per cent.

Prepared slices

Euphorbia Root(unprepared)

Processing

Eliminate impurities, wash clean, soften briefly, cut into slices, and dry in the sun.

Description

Euphorbia ebracteolata

Irregularly shaped or elongated pieces. Outer surface thin, yellowish-brown or grayish-brown, easily peeled off to expose the yellowish cork. Cut surface yellowish-white, with yellowish-white to yellowish-brown irregular marble-like texture or ring-like pattern. Light in weight, brittle in texture, easily broken, and powdery on the fractured surface. Odour, slight; taste, slightly pungent.

Euphorbia fischeriana

Outer surface brownish-yellow, cut surface with blackish-brown texture or ring-like pattern. Sticky after soaking in water, visible sticky filaments when torn.

Vinegar-treated Euphorbia Root

Processing

Take clean Euphorbia Root and fry them dry according to the vinegar method <0213>.

For every 100 kg of Euphorbia Root, use 30-50 kg of vinegar.

Description

The drug is similar to Euphorbia Root. It is slightly darker in color and has a slight vinegar aroma.

Examination

Total ash

Same as the herb,not more than 7.0 per cent.

Acid-insoluble ash

Same as the herb,not more than 1.0 per cent.

Water

Same as the herb.

Extractives

Same as the herb,not less than 20.0 per cent.

Identification

Same as the herb.

Property

Neutral.

Toxicity

Toxic.

Flavor

Pungent.

Meridian tropism

Liver and spleen meridians.

Actions

To disperse nodules and kill parasites.

Indications

To disperse nodules and kill parasites. Used externally for lymphadenitis, tinea, and maggot infestation.

Dosage

None.

Administration

Decocted for external application.

Precautions

Not to be used with Mitosan.

Storage

Preserve in a well-ventilated and dry place, protected from moth.


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3.2
Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

Description
En
The Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition) is the 10th edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia published in 2015. Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition) includes 618 Chinese NMM monographs.

狼毒

Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

狼毒
Langdu
Euphorbiae Ebracteolatae Radix
Bracteole-lacked Euphorbia Root

Overview

Bracteole-lacked Euphorbia Root is the dried root of Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata or Euphorbia fischeriana Steud (Fam. Euphorbiaceae). The drug is collected in autumn and spring, washed clean, cut into slices, and dried in the sun.

Description

Root of Euphorbia ebracteolata Subrounded or oblong pieces or slices, 1.5-8 cm in diameter, 0.3-4 cm in thickness. Outer bark thin, yellowish-brown or greyish-brown, easily exfoliated and exposed the yellow inner bark. Cut surface yellowish-white, bearing yellow irregular marbly striations or annular rings. Texture light and fragile, easily broken, fracture starchy. Odour, slight; taste slightly pungent.

Root of Euphorbia fischeriana Outer bark brownish-yellow, cut surface bearing blackish-brown striations or annular rings. Showing viscousness after soaked in water, viscous threads visible when tom.

Identification

(1) Powder: Root of Euphorbia ebrac-teolata Yellowish-white. Starch granules numerous, single granules spherical, oblong or semirounded, 3-34 μm in diameter, hilum cleft, V-shaped or stellated, striations faint visible in large ones; compound granules of 2-5 components; semi-compound granules easily found. Reti-culate bordered pitted vessels 18-80 μm in diameter. Nonarticulate laticiferous tubes mostly broken, oil drops scattered; sometimes yellow secretions full of the tube.

(2) To 2 g of the coarse powder add 30 ml of ethanol, heat under reflux for 1 hour, cool and filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness. Dissolve the residue in 2 ml of methanol as the test solution. Prepare a solution of 2 g of Euphorbiae Ebracteolatae Radix reference drug in the same manner as the reference drug solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography <0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of cyclohexane and ethyl acetate (8.5 : 1.5) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 2 μl of each of the above two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air, spray with a 10% solution of sulfuric acid in ethanol, heat at 105℃ to spots clear. Examine under ultraviolet light at 365 nm. The fluorescent spots in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position and colour to the spots obtained with the reference drug solution.

Examination

Foreign matter

Not more than 2 per cent <2301>.

Water

Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

Total ash

Not more than 9.0 per cent <2302>.

Acid-insoluble ash

Not more than 4.0 per cent <2302>.

Extractives

Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble extractives <2201, the hot extraction method>, using dilute ethanol as the solvent, not less than 18.0 per cent.

Prepared slices

Bracteole-lacked Euphorbia

Processing

Euphorbiae Ebracteolatae Radix (unprepared) Eliminate foreign matter, wash clean, soften thoroughly, cut into slices and dry in the sun.

Euphorbiae Ebraeteolatae Radix (stir-baked with vinegar) Stir-bake the slices of Euphorbiae Ebracteolatae Radix as described under the method of stir-baking with vinegar <0213> to dryness. To each 100 kg of Euphorbiae Ebracteolatae Radix add 30-50 kg of vinegar.

The shape similar to the crude drugs, externally somewhat deeper in colour, slightly with vinegar odour.

Examination

Total ash

Same as the crude drug, not more than 7.0 per cent.

Acid-insoluble ash

Same as the crude drug, not more than 1.0 per cent.

Extractives

Same as the crude drug, not less than 20.0 per cent.

Identification

【性味与归经】辛,平;有毒。归肝、脾经。


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MLMD Encyclopedia

This product is the dried root of the Euphorbiaceae plant Euphorbia ebracteolata Hayata or Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. It is harvested in the spring and autumn seasons, cleaned, sliced, and dried in the sun.


Created by:
Created date:
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Ingredients
No related data
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Related Targets
Description
En
Inferred by ingredients of the NMM, with literature evidence for ingredient-target relationships.
No related data
7
Related Diseases
Description
En
Inferred by ingredients of the NMM, with literature evidence for ingredient-disease relationships.
No related data