This product is the dried mature seed of the legume plant Fenugreek, Trigonella foenum-graecum L. The plant is harvested in the summer when the fruit is ripe, dried in the sun, the seeds are then collected and impurities are removed.
NMM ID | nmm-01eo |
Systematic Name | Trigonella foenum-graecum Seed |
Systematic Chinese Name | 胡卢巴种子（hú lú bā zhǒng zi） |
Generic Name | Jing-hu-lu-ba |
Generic Chinese Name | 胡芦巴（hú lú bā） |
NMM Type | plant |
Species Origins | Trigonella foenum-graecum | 胡卢巴 |
Medicinal Parts | seed | 种子 |
Special Descriptions | |
Processing Methods | |
Systematic Name Explanation | This product is the dried mature seed of the legume plant Fenugreek, Trigonella foenum-graecum L. The plant is harvested in the summer when the fruit is ripe, dried in the sun, the seeds are then collected and impurities are removed. |
Generic Name Explanation | NMMGN follows the Chinese name of the relevant Chinese medicinal materials in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia: 2020 edition: Volume I. |
Parent NMM | |
Child NMMs | |
Creators | |
Reviewers |
胡芦巴
English text reference: *Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition) *
Overview
Fenugreek Seed is the dried mature seed of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (Fam. Leguminosae). The drug is collected in summer when the fruit is ripe, removed from the plant, dried, and the seeds are separated and cleaned.
Description
Seeds slightly oblique-quadrate or rectangular, 3-4 mm long, 2-3 mm wide, and about 2 mm thick; externally yellowish-green or yellowish-brown, smooth, with a deep oblique groove on each side, the point of intersection bearing a dot-like hilum. Texture hard, not easily broken. Testa thin, endosperm semi-transparent, sticky; cotyledons 2, pale yellow, radicle curved, plump and long. Odour, aromatic; taste, slightly bitter.
Identification
（1）The powder is brownish-yellow. Epidermal cells in a single row, with the upper part of the outer and lateral walls thicker and finely longitudinally striated, the lower part of the cell cavity larger, with a bright band; surface view polygonal, with thicker walls and smaller cell cavities. Supporting cells in a single row, slightly dumbbell-shaped, with the upper end slightly narrower and the lower end wider, the vertical walls showing a streaked texture; basal view nearly circular or hexagonal, with dense radial striations thickened, resembling chrysanthemum-like patterns, and distinct cell cavities. Cotyledon cells contain starch grains and oil droplets.
（2）To 1 g of the powder add 30 ml of petroleum ether (30-60 °C）, ultrasonicate for 30 minutes, filter and discard the filtrate, evaporate the residue to dryness. Add 30 ml of ethanol, ultrasonicate for 30 minutes, filter and evaporate the filtrate to dryness. Dissolve the residue with 1 ml of methanol as the test solution. Dissolve trigonelline CRS in methanol to produce a solution containing 2 mg per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography <0502>, using silica gel Gas the coating substance and a mixture of n-butanol, hydrochloride and ethyl acetate (8: 3: 1) as the mobile phase. Apply separately 6 μl of each of the two solutions to the plate. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with a mixture solution of potassium iodobismuthate TS and ferric chloride TS (2: 1). The spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference solution.
（3）To the test solution obtained under Identification (2), add methanol to 10 ml as the test solution. Prepare a solution of 0. 1 g of Trigonellae Semen reference drug in the Same manner described under Identification (2) as the reference drug solution, carry out the method for thin layer chromatography <0502>, using polyarnide as the coating substance and a mixture of ethanol, butanone, acetylacetonate and water (3: 3: 1: 13) as the mobile phase. Apply separately 1 μl of each of the above two solutions to the film. After developing and removal of the plate, dry it in air, spray with aluminium trichloride TS, dry in a current of hot air for 5 minutes, and examine under ultraviolet light at 365 nm. The spots in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position and colour to the spots in the chromatogram obtained with the reference drug solution.
Examination
Water
Not more than 15.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.
Total ash
Not more than 5.0 per cent <2302>.
Acid-insoluble ash
Not more than 1.0 per cent <2302>.
Extractives
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble Extractives <2201, the hot maceration method>, using diluted ethanol as the solvent, not less than 18.0 per cent.
Assay
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.
Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test
Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the stationary phase and a mixture of methanol, 0. 05% sodium dodecyl sulfonate and glacial acetic acid (20:80:0.1) as the mobile phase. As detector a spectrophotometer set at 265 nm. The number of theoretical plates of the column is not less than 4000, calculated with the reference to the peak of trigonelline.
Preparation of reference solution
Dissolve a quantity of trigonelline CRS, accurately weighed, in 50% methanol to prepare a solution containing 60 μg per ml as the reference solution.
Preparation of test solution
Weigh accurately 0.5 g of the powder in a stoppered conical flask, add 50 ml of 50% methanol, and weigh. Allow to stand for 1 hour, ultrasonicate (power 300 W, frequency, 50 kHz) for 45 minutes, allow standing to cool and weigh again, replenish the loss of weight with 50% methanol and mix well. Filter and use the successive filtrate as the test solution.
Assay method
Inject accurately 10 μl of each of the reference solution and the test solution into the column and calculate the content.
This product shall not contain less than 0.45% of fenugreek alkaloids (C7H7NO2) when calculated as a dried product.
Prepared slices
Fenugreek Seed
Processing
Eliminate Foreign matter, wash clean, and dry.
性状 ｜ Description
As required for the crude drug.
Identification
As required for the crude drug.
Examination
As required for the crude drug.
Extractives
As required for the crude drug.
Assay
As required for the crude drug.
Salted Fenugreek Seed
炮制 ｜ Processing
Stir-bake the clean Semen Trigonellae as described under the method for stir-baking with salt-water <0213> until it becomes inflated and scenty. Break to pieces before use.
Description
Similar to Trigonellae Semen in shape, enternally yellowishbrown to brown, charred spots occasionally. Odour slightly aromatic; taste, slightly salty.
Examination
Water
Not more than 11.0 per cent, following the method for the crude drug.
Total ash
Not more than 7.5 per cent, following the method for the crude drug.
Identification
As required for the crude drug.
Extractives
As required for the crude drug.
Assay
As required for the crude drug.
性 ｜ Property
Warm.
味 ｜ Flavor
Bitter.
Meridian tropism
Kidney meridian.
功能 ｜ Actions
To warm the kidney, assist yang, dispel cold and relieve pain.
Indications
Deficiency of kidney yang, deficiency cold in low origin, cold pain in low abdomen, abdominal pain caused by cold, abdominal colic, and cold-dampness tinea pedis.
Dosage
5-10 g.
用法 ｜ Administration
None.
Storage
Keep in a dry place.
胡芦巴
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)
Overview
Common Fenugreek Seed is the dried ripe seed of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (Fam. Leguminosae). The plant is collected in summer when the fruit is ripe, dried in the sun. The seed is tapped out and removed from foreign matter.
Description
Slightly rhomboid or rectangular, 3-4 mm long, 2-3 mm wide, about 2 mm thick. Externally yellowish-green or yellowish-brown, smooth, with a deep oblique furrow on each of the two sides, and a point-like hilum at the intersection of the two furrows. Texture hard, uneasily broken. Testa thin, endosperm translucent and viscous； cotyledons 2, pale yellow, radicle curved, plump and long. Odour, aromatic； taste, slightly bitter.
Identification
（2）取本品粉末1g，加石油醚（30～60℃）30ml，超声处理30分钟，静置，弃去上清液，残渣挥干，加甲醇30ml，超声处理30分钟，滤过，滤液蒸干，残渣加甲醇1ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取胡芦巴碱对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含2mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各1μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以正丁醇-盐酸-乙酸乙酯（8：3：1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，在105℃加热1小时，放冷，喷以稀碘化铋钾试液-三氯化铁试液（2：1）混合溶液。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。
Examination
Water
Not more than 15.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.
Total ash
Not more than 5.0 per cent〈2302〉.
Acid-insoluble ash
Not more than 1.0 per cent〈2302〉.
Extractives
Carry out the hot extraction method for determination of ethanol-soluble extractives〈2201〉,using dilute ethanol TS as the solvent, not less than 18.0 per cent.
Assay
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography〈0512〉.
以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以甲醇-0.05%十二烷基磺酸钠溶液-冰醋酸（20：80：0.1）为流动相；检测波长为265nm。理论板数按胡芦巴碱峰计算应不低于4000。
Common Fenugreek Seed
Common Fenugreek Seed is the dried ripe seed of Trigonella foenum-graecum L (Fam. Leguminosae). The plant is collected in summer when the fruit is ripe, dried in the sun. The seed is tapped out and removed from foreign matter.
Description Slightly rhomboid or rectangular, 3-4 mm long, 2-3 mm wide, about 2 mm thick. Externally yellowish-green or yellowish-brown, smooth, with a deep oblique furrow on each of the two sides, and a point-like hilum at the intersection of the two furrows. Texture hard, uneasily broken. Testa thin, endosperm translucent and viscous； cotyledons 2, pale yellow, radicle curved, plump and long. Odour, aromatic； taste, slightly bitter.
(2)To 1 g of the powder add 30 ml of petroleum ether (30-60℃), ultrasonicate for 30 minutes, filter and discard the filtrate, evaporate the residue to dryness. Add 30 ml of ethanol, ultrasonicate for 30 minutes, filter and evaporate the filtrate to dryness. Dissolve the residue with 1 ml of methanol as the test solution. Dissolve trigonelline CRS in methanol to produce a solution containing 2 mg per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography <0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of n-butanol, hydrochloride and ethyl acetate (8 : 3 : 1) as the mobile phase. Apply separately 6 μl of each of the two solutions to the plate. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with a mixture solution of potassium iodobismuthate TS and ferric chloride TS (2 : 1). The spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference solution.
Examination
Total ash Not more than 5.0 per cent〈2302〉.
Meridian tropism kidney meridian.
This product is the dried mature seed of the legume plant Fenugreek, Trigonella foenum-graecum L. The plant is harvested in the summer when the fruit is ripe, dried in the sun, the seeds are then collected and impurities are removed.