金果榄

English text reference: *Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition) *

Overview

Tinospora Root is the dried tuberous root of Tinospora sagittata (Oliv.) Gagnep. or Tinospora capillipes Gagnep. (Fam. Menispermaceae). The drug is collected in autumn and winter, removed from fibrous roots, washed clean, and dried in the sun.

Description

Tinospora Root is irregularly rounded or irregularly shaped tuberous pieces, 5-10 cm long and 3-6 cm in diameter. The surface is brownish-yellow or light brown, rough and uneven, with deep wrinkles. The texture is hard and not easily crushed or broken. The transverse section is pale yellowish-white, with slightly radiating arrangement of vascular bundles, and the color is darker. It has a slight odor and a bitter taste.

Identification

（1）The powder is yellowish-white or grayish-white. Numerous stone cells are present, pale yellow or yellow, elongated or polygonal, with a diameter of 18-66 μm, and the walls are thickened on three sides. The cell cavity contains calcium oxalate prisms. Calcium oxalate prisms are square or rectangular, with a diameter of 4-28 μm. Cork cells are yellow-brown or golden yellow, and the surface appears polygonal with slight lignification. There are many starch grains, which are spherical, helmet-shaped, or polygonal round with a diameter of 4-40 μm. The hilum is in the shape of a herringbone, short arc, or dot; compound grains consist of 2-5 sub-grains.

（2）Take 1 g of this product powder, add 20 ml of methanol, ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, filtration, filtrate evaporation, residue add 2 ml of methanol to dissolve, as a test solution. Another take 1 g of the control herb, the same method into the control herb solution. Then take Gulenbin control, add methanol to make a solution containing 0.5 mg per ml, as the control solution. According to the thin layer chromatography <0502> test, absorb the above three solutions of 2 ~ 3 μl, were spotted on the same silica gel G thin layer plate, cyclohexane - ethyl acetate - methanol - concentrated ammonia solution (8: 9: 2: 1) of the upper solution as the unfolding agent, unfolding, remove, drying, sprayed with 10% sulfuric acid solution of ethanol, heated to 105 °C until the spot color clear, and placed in the daylight and ultraviolet light (365 nm) under the examination. In the chromatogram of the test article, in the corresponding position with the chromatogram of the control herb and the chromatogram of the control article, the same color spots were shown in daylight; the same color fluorescent spots were shown under ultraviolet light.

Examination

Water

Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

Total ash

Not more than 7.0 per cent <2302>.

Extractives

Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble Extractives <2201, the hot maceration method>, using ethanol as the solvent, not less than 7.0 per cent.

Assay

Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the filler; use acetonitrile-water (40: 60) as the mobile phase; detect at a wavelength of 210 nm. The theoretical number of plates calculated according to the peak of berberine should not be less than 2500.

Preparation of reference solution

Take an appropriate amount of berberine reference substance, accurately weigh, and prepare a solution containing 0.25 mg per ml with 70% methanol.

Preparation of test solution

Take about 0.5 g of the powder (passed through a No. 3 sieve) of the test substance, accurately weigh, accurately add 10 ml of 70% methanol, weigh, treat with ultrasound (power 200 W, frequency 59 kHz) for 20 minutes, cool, weigh again, make up for the lost weight with 70% methanol, shake well, filter, accurately take 1 ml of the filtrate, place it in a 10 ml volumetric flask, add 70% methanol to the mark, shake well, and obtain the test solution.

Assay method

Accurately take 10 μl of the reference solution and the test solution, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.

Calculated on the dried basis, the content of berberine (C20H22O6) should not be less than 1.0%.

Prepared slices

Tinospora Root

Processing

Eliminate Foreign matter, soak, soften thoroughly, cut into thick slices, and dry.

性状 ｜ Description

In subrounded or irregular thick slices. Externally brownishyellow to dark brown, wrinkled and uneven. Cut surface pale yellowish-white, sometimes sparse greyish-brown radial striations visible, sometimes with clefts. Odour slight; taste bitter.

鉴别 ｜ Identification

As required for the crude drug.

检查 ｜ Examination

As required for the crude drug.

浸出物 ｜ Extractives

As required for the crude drug.

Assay

As required for the crude drug.

Property

Cold.

Flavor

Bitter.

Meridian tropism

Lung and large intestine meridians.

Actions

To clear heat and detoxify, benefit the throat, and relieve pain.

Indications

Used for sore throat, carbuncle, furuncle, diarrhea, dysentery, and epigastric pain.

Dosage

3-9 g. For external use, appropriate amount.

Administration

For external use, appropriate amount is powdered and blown on the throat or vinegar is used to grind and apply to the affected area.

Storage

Store in a dry place and protect from moth.

金果榄

Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

Overview

Tinospora Root is the dried root tuber of Tinospora sagittata (Oliv.) Gagnep. or Tinospora capillipes Gagnep. (Fam Menispermaceae). The drug is collected in autumn and winter, removed from rootlet, washed clean, and dried in the sun.

Description

In irregular masses, 5-10 cm long, 3-6 cm in diameter. Externally brownish-yellow or brownish, rugged, deeply wrinkled. Texture hard, uneasily broken, transversely cut surface yellowish-white when dissected, showing vessels in groups and arranged somewhat radially, deeper in colour. Odour, slight; taste bitter.

Identification

（2）取本品粉末1g，加甲醇20ml，超声处理30分钟，滤过，滤液蒸干，残渣加甲醇2ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取古伦宾对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含0.5mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各2～3µl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以环己烷-乙酸乙酯-甲醇_浓氨试液（10：9：6：1）的上层溶液为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以10%硫酸乙醇溶液，在105℃加热至斑点显色清晰，置日光和紫外光灯（365nm）下检视。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点或荧光斑点。

Examination

Water

Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

Total ash

Not more than 7.0 per cent <2302>.

Extractives

Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble extractives <2201, the hot extraction method>, using ethanol as the solvent, not less than 7.0 per cent.

Assay

Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈-水（40：60）为流动相；检测波长为210nm。理论板数按古伦宾峰计算应不低于2500。

取古伦宾对照品适量，精密称定，用70%甲醇制成每1ml含0.25mg的溶液，即得。

取本品粉末（过三号筛）约0.5g，精密称定，精密加入70%甲醇10ml，称定重量，超声处理（功率200W，频率59kHz） 20分钟，放冷，再称定重量，用70%甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，精密量取续滤液1ml，置10ml量瓶中，加70%甲醇至刻度，摇匀，即得。

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各10µl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。

It contains not less than 1.0 per cent of columbin (CHO), calculated with reference to the dried drug.

Prepared slices

Tinospora Root

Processing

Eliminate foreign matter, soak, soften thoroughly, cut into thick slices, and dry.

In subrounded or irregular thick slices. Externally brownish-yellow to dark brown, wrinkled and uneven. Cut surface pale yellowish-white, sometimes sparse greyish-brown radial striations visible, sometimes with clefts. Odour slight; taste bitter.

Property and Flavor

Bitter, cold. Meridian tropism: Lung and large intestine meridians.

Actions and Indications

To clear heat, remove toxin, soothe the throat, and relieve pain. Used for swollen sore throat, abscesses and cellulitis, deep-rooted boil toxin, diarrhea, dysentery, and pain in the epigastrium and abdomen.

Administration and Dosage

3-9 g. Appropriate amount for topical application, ground into powder for blowing to throat, or ground with vinegar for topical application to affected area.

Storage

Preserve in a dry place, and protect from moth.