This product is the dried rhizome of the ginger family plant Curcuma phaeocaulis VaL., Curcuma kuangsiensis S.G.Lee et C.F.Liang from Guangxi, or Curcuma wenyujin Y.H.Chen et C.Ling. The latter is commonly referred to as "Wen E Zhu". After the stems and leaves wither in winter, they are harvested, cleaned, steamed or boiled until they are thoroughly cooked, and then dried in the sun or dried at low temperature, after which the fibrous roots and impurities are removed.
根据《中国药典·2020年版·一部》记载：本品为姜科植物蓬莪术Curcuma phaeocaulis VaL.、广西莪术Curcuma kuuangsiensis S.G.LeeetC.F.Liang或温郁金Curcuma wenyujin Y.H.ChenetC.Ling的干燥根茎。后者习称“温莪术”。冬季茎叶枯萎后釆挖，洗净，蒸或煮至透心，晒干或低温干燥后除去须根和杂质。
NMM ID | nmm-000w |
Systematic Name | Curcuma kwangsiensis vel phaeocaulis vel wenyujin Rhizome |
Systematic Chinese Name | 广西莪术或莪术或温郁金根茎（guǎng xī é shù huò é shù huò wēn yù jīn gēn jīng） |
Generic Name | E-zhu |
Generic Chinese Name | 莪术（é shù） |
NMM Type | plant |
Species Origins | Curcuma kwangsiensis | 广西莪术orCurcuma phaeocaulis | 莪术orCurcuma wenyujin | 温郁金 |
Medicinal Parts | rhizome | 根茎 |
Special Descriptions | |
Processing Methods | |
Systematic Name Explanation | This product is the dried rhizome of the ginger family plant Curcuma phaeocaulis VaL., Curcuma kuangsiensis S.G.Lee et C.F.Liang from Guangxi, or Curcuma wenyujin Y.H.Chen et C.Ling. The latter is commonly referred to as "Wen E Zhu". After the stems and leaves wither in winter, they are harvested, cleaned, steamed or boiled until they are thoroughly cooked, and then dried in the sun or dried at low temperature, after which the fibrous roots and impurities are removed. |
Generic Name Explanation | NMMGN follows the Chinese name of the relevant Chinese medicinal materials in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia: 2020 edition: Volume I. |
Parent NMM | |
Child NMMs | |
Creators | |
Reviewers |
莪术
English text reference: *Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition) *
中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
Overview 概述
Curcuma Rhizome is the dried rhizome of Curcuma phaeocaulis VaL., Curcuma kuuangsiensis S.G.Lee et C.F.Liang, or Curcuma wenyujin Y.H.Chen et C.Ling (Fam. Zingiberaceae). The drug is collected in winter after the stems and leaves wither, washed, steamed or boiled until thoroughly cooked, dried in the sun or at a low temperature, and then the fibrous roots and impurities are removed.
本品为姜科植物蓬莪术Curcuma phaeocaulis VaL.、广西莪术Curcuma kuuangsiensis S.G.Lee et C.F.Liang或温郁金Curcuma wenyujin Y.H.Chen et C.Ling的干燥根茎。后者习称“温莪术”。冬季茎叶枯萎后采挖，洗净，蒸或煮至透心，晒干或低温干燥后除去须根和杂质。
Description 性状
蓬莪术Curcuma phaeocaulis VaL.
Rhizomes oblong-ovate, oblong, conical or long fusiform, apex obtuse or acute, base rounded, 2-8 cm long, 1.5-4 cm in diameter. Surface greyish-yellow to greyish-brown, upper part with prominent nodes, with circular slightly concave root scars or remnants of rootlets, some with 1 row of depressed bud scars on each side and lateral rhizome scars resembling circular. Some may have knife-cut marks. Heavy, texture solid, fracture greyish-brown to bluish-brown, waxy, often with greyish-brown powder, cortex easily separated from central cylinder, endodermis ringed, brownish. Odour, slightly fragrant; taste, slightly bitter and pungent.
本品呈卵圆形、长卵形、圆锥形或长纺锤形，顶端多钝尖，基部钝圆，长2～8 cm，直径1.5～4 cm。表面灰黄色至灰棕色，上部环节突起，有圆形微凹的须根痕或残留的须根，有的两侧各有1列下陷的芽痕和类圆形的侧生根茎痕，有的可见刀削痕。体重，质坚实，断面灰褐色至蓝褐色，蜡样，常附有灰棕色粉末，皮层与中柱易分离，内皮层环纹棕褐色。气微香，味微苦而辛。
广西莪术Curcuma kuuangsiensis S.G.Lee et C.F.Liang
Nodes slightly prominent, fracture yellowish-brown to brown, often with pale yellow powder, endodermis ringed, yellowish-white.
环节稍突起，断面黄棕色至棕色，常附有淡黄色粉末，内皮层环纹黄白色。
温莪术Curcuma wenyujin Y.H.Chen et C.Ling
Fracture yellowish-brown to brownish-brown, often with pale yellow to yellowish-brown powder. Odour fragrant or slightly fragrant.
断面黄棕色至棕褐色，常附有淡黄色至黄棕色粉末。气香或微香。
Identification 鉴别
（1）Transverse section: Cork cells in rows, sometimes removed. Cortex with scattered leaf trace vascular bundles; endodermis distinct. Central cylinder wider, vascular bundles exarch, scattered, smaller vascular bundles along the sheath of the central cylinder, arranged more closely. Thin-walled cells filled with masses of gelatinized starch grains, cells containing golden-yellow oily substances scattered in the parenchyma.
（1）本品横切面木栓细胞数列，有时已除去。皮层散有叶迹维管束；内皮层明显。中柱较宽，维管束外韧型，散在，沿中柱鞘部位的维管束较小，排列较密。薄壁细胞充满糊化的淀粉粒团块，薄壁组织中有含金黄色油状物的细胞散在。
Powder yellow or brownish-yellow. Oil cells mostly broken, intact ones containing yellow oily secretions with a diameter of 62-110 μm. Vessels mostly spiral or ladder-like, with a diameter of 20-65 μm. Fibrous pits and canals distinct, with a diameter of 15-35 μm. Most starch grains gelatinized.
粉末黄色或棕黄色。油细胞多破碎，完整者直径62～110 μm内含黄色油状分泌物。导管多为螺纹导管、梯纹导管，直径20～65 μm。纤维孔沟明显，直径15～35 μm。淀粉粒大多糊化。
（2）To 0.5 g of the powder add 10 ml of petroleum ether (30-60 °C) in a stoppered centrifuge tube, treat with ultrasound for 20 minutes, filter, evaporate the filtrate to dryness, dissolve the residue in 1 ml of anhydrous ethanol as the test solution. Take gambogic acid CRS, dissolve in anhydrous ethanol to produce a solution containing 0.4 mg per ml as the Reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography <0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of petroleum ether (30-60 °C), acetone, and ethyl acetate (94: 5: 1) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 10 μl of each of the above two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with a 1% solution of vanillin in sulfuric acid at 105 °C to the spots clear. The spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the Reference solution.
（2）取本品粉末0.5 g，置具塞离心管中，加石油醚（30～60 ℃）10 ml，超声处理20分钟，滤过，滤液挥干，残渣加无水乙醇1 ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取吉马酮对照品，加无水乙醇制成每1 ml含0.4 mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各10 μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以石油醚（30～60 °C）-丙酮-乙酸乙酯（94∶5∶1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以1%香草醛硫酸溶液，在105 °C加热至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。
Examination 检查
Absorbance 吸光度
Take 30 mg of the powder, accurately weighed, place in a stoppered conical flask, add 10 ml of chloroform, treat with ultrasound for 40 minutes or soak for 24 hours, filter, transfer the filtrate to a 10 ml volumetric flask, dilute with chloroform to the mark, shake well, and determine the absorbance at 242 nm by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry <0401>. The absorbance should not be less than 0.45.
取本品中粉30 mg，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，加三氯甲烷10 ml，超声处理40分钟或浸泡24小时，滤过，滤液转移至10 ml量瓶中，加三氯甲烷至刻度，摇匀，照紫外-可见分光光度法（通则0401）测定，在242 nm波长处有最大吸收，吸光度不得低于0.45。
水分 ｜ Water
Not more than 14.0 per cent <0832, method 4>.
不得过14.0%（通则0832第四法）。
Total ash 总灰分
Not more than 7.0 per cent <2302>.
不得过7.0%（通则2302）。
Acid-insoluble ash 酸不溶性灰分
Not more than 2.0 per cent <2302>.
不得过2.0%（通则2302）。
Extractives 浸出物
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble Extractives <2201>, the hot maceration method, using diluted ethanol as the solvent, not less than 7.0 per cent.
照醇溶性浸岀物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用稀乙醇作溶剂，不得少于7.0%。
Assay 含量测定
Carry out the method for determination of volatile oil <2204>. The content of volatile oil in this product should not be less than 1.5% (ml/g).
照挥发油测定法（通则2204）测定。本品含挥发油不得少于1.5%（ml/g）。
Prepared slices 饮片
Curcuma Rhizome 莪术
Processing 炮制
Eliminate foreign matter, soak briefly, wash clean, steam until soft, cut into thick slices, and dry.
除去杂质，略泡，洗净，蒸软，切厚片，干燥。
Description 性状
Slices are oblong or elliptical in shape. The outer surface is greyish-yellow or greyish-brown, sometimes with nodes or root scars. The cut surface is yellowish-green, yellowish-brown, or brownish-brown, with distinct ringed endodermis and scattered "veins" small dots. Odour, slightly fragrant; taste, slightly bitter and pungent.
本品呈类圆形或椭圆形的厚片。外表皮灰黄色或灰棕色，有时可见环节或须根痕。切面黄绿色、黄棕色或棕褐色，内皮层环纹明显，散在“筋脉"小点。气微香，味微苦而辛。
Assay 含量测定
As required for the crude drug. The content of volatile oil in this product should not be less than 1.0% (ml/g).
同药材，含挥发油不得少于1.0%（ml/g）。
鉴别 ｜ Identification
As required for the crude drug except for the transverse section.
（除横切面外）同药材。
Examination 检查
As required for the crude drug.
同药材。
Extractives 浸出物
As required for the crude drug.
同药材。
Curcumae Rhizoma (processed with vinegar) 醋莪术
Processing 炮制
Take clean Curcuma Rhizome, cook according to the vinegar boiling method <0213> until thoroughly cooked, remove, cool slightly, cut into thick slices, and dry.
取净莪术，照醋煮法（通则0213）煮至透心，取出，稍凉，切厚片，干燥。
Description 性状
The product is similar to Curcuma Rhizome slices, with a deepened color, horny appearance, and a slight vinegar aroma.
本品形如莪术片，色泽加深，角质样，微有醋香气。
含量测定 ｜ Assay
The content of volatile oil in this product should not be less than 1.0% (ml/g).
同药材，含挥发油不得少于1.0%（ml/g）。
鉴别 ｜Identification
As required for the crude drug except for the transverse section.
（除横切面外）同药材。
Examination 检查
As required for the crude drug.
同药材。
Extractives 浸出物
As required for the crude drug.
同药材。
性 ｜ Property
Warm.
温。
味 ｜ Flavor
Pungent, bitter.
辛、苦。
Meridian tropism 归经
Liver and spleen meridian.
归肝、脾经。
功能 ｜ Actions
Promotes Qi circulation, breaks up blood stasis, resolves accumulations, and relieves pain.
行气破血，消积止痛。
Indications 主治
Used for abdominal masses, stagnation of blood in the meridians, chest pain, and abdominal distension and pain.
用于癥瘕痞块，瘀血经闭，胸痹心痛，食积胀痛。
Dosage 用量
6-9 g.
6～9 g。
用法 ｜ Administration
None.
无。
Precautions 注意
Not to be used during pregnancy.
孕妇禁用。
Storage 贮藏
Store in a dry place, protected from moth.
置干燥处，防蛀。
莪术
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)
文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Overview 概述
Zedoray Rhizome is the dried rhizome of Curcuma phaeocaulis Valeton, Curcuma kwangsiensis S. G. Lee et C. F. Liang or Curcuma wenyujin Y. H. Chen et C. Ling (Fam. Zingiberaceae). The drug derived from the last species is commonly known as “Wen Ezhu”. The drug is collected in winter when stem and leaves withered, washed clean, steamed or boiled thoroughly, dried in the sun or dried at a lower temperature, removed from fibrous roots and foreign matter.
本品为姜科植物蓬莪术 Curcuma phaeocaulis Val.、广西莪术 Curcuma kwangsiensis S.G.Lee et C.F.Liang 或温郁金 Curcuma wenyujin Y.H.Chen et C.Ling 的干燥根茎。后者习称“温莪术”。冬季茎叶枯萎后采挖，洗净，蒸或煮至透心，晒干或低温干燥后除去须根和杂质。
Description 性状
Rhizome of Curcuma phaeocaulis Ovoid, elongate ovoid, conical or elongate fusiform, apex frequently obtuse, base obtuse and rounded, 2-8 cm long, 1.5-4 cm in diameter. Externally greyish-yellow to greyish-brown, the upper part conspicuously raised-annulated and with rounded and slightly dented rootlet scars, or remaining rootlets, some exhibiting a row of concave bud scars and subrounded lateral rhizome scars on each of two sides, and some showing knife cut traces. Texture heavy and hard, fracture greyish brown to bluish-brown, waxy, usually attached with greyish-brown powder, bark and stele easily detachable, endodermal ring deep brown. Odour, slight aromatic; taste, slight bitter and pungent.
本品呈卵圆形、长卵形、圆锥形或长纺锤形，顶端多钝尖，基部钝圆，长2～8cm，直径1.5～4cm。表面灰黄色至灰棕色，上部环节突起，有圆形微凹的须根痕或残留的须根，有的两侧各有1列下陷的芽痕和类圆形的侧生根茎痕，有的可见刀削痕。体重，质坚实，断面灰褐色至蓝褐色，蜡样，常附有灰棕色粉末，皮层与中柱易分离，内皮层环纹棕褐色。气微香，味微苦而辛。
Identification 鉴别
（2）取本品粉末0.5g，置具塞离心管中，加石油醚（30～60℃）10ml，超声处理20分钟，滤过，滤液挥干，残渣加无水乙醇1ml使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取吉马酮对照品，加无水乙醇制成每1ml含0.4mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各10μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以石油醚（30～60℃）-丙酮-乙酸乙酯（94：5：1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以1%香草醛硫酸溶液，在105℃加热至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。
（1）本品横切面：木栓细胞数列，有时已除去皮层散有叶迹维管束；内皮层明显。中柱较宽，维管束外韧型，散在，沿中柱鞘部位的维管束较小，排列较密。薄壁细胞充满糊化的淀粉粒团块，薄壁组织中有含金黄色油状物的细胞散在。粉末黄色或棕黄色。油细胞多破碎，完整者直径62～110μm，内含黄色油状分泌物。导管多为螺纹导管、梯纹导管，直径20～65μm。纤维孔沟明显，直径15～35μm。淀粉粒大多糊化。
Examination 检查
Absorbance 吸光度
Weigh accurately 30 mg of the medium powder, add 10 ml of chloroform, ultrasonicate for 40 minutes or macerate for 24 hours. filter. Transfer the filtrate into a 10 ml volumetric flask, add chloroform to volume, and mix well. Carry out the method for ultraviolet spectropbotometry and colourimetry <0401>, the resulting solution exhibits a maximum at 242 nm and the absorbance is not less than 0.45.
取本品中粉30mg，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，加三氯甲烷10ml，超声处理40分钟或浸泡24小时，滤过，滤液转移至10ml量瓶中，加三氯甲烷至刻度，摇匀，照紫外-可见分光光度法（通则0401）测定，在242nm波长处有最大吸收，吸光度不得低于0.45。
Water 水分
Not more than 14.0 per cent <0832, method 4>.
不得过14.0%（通则0832第四法）。
Total ash 总灰分
Not more than 7.0 per cent <2302>.
不得过7.0%（通则2302）。
Acid-insoluble ash 酸不溶性灰分
Not more than 2.0 per cent <2302>.
不得过2.0%（通则2302）。
Extractives 浸出物
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble extractives <2201, the hot extraction method>, using dilute ethanol as solvent, not less than 7.0 per cent.
照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用稀乙醇作溶剂，不得少于7.0%。
Assay 含量测定
本品含挥发油不得少于1.5%（ml/g）。
照挥发油测定法（通则2204）测定。
Prepared slices 饮片
Curcumae Rhizoma 莪术
Processing 炮制
Eliminate foreign matter, soak slightly, wash clean, steam to be soft, cut into thick slices, and dry.
除去杂质，略泡，洗净，蒸软，切厚片，干燥。
Assay 含量测定
As required for the crude drug.
同药材，含挥发油不得少于1.0%（ml/g）。
Identification 鉴别
(Except for the transverse section) As required for the crude drug.
（除横切面外） 【检查】 【浸出物】 同药材。
Curcumae Rhizoma (processed with vinegar) 醋莪术
Boil the Curcumae Rhizoma as described under the method for boiling with vinegar <0213> until vinegar is absorbed entirely, cool slightly, cut into thick slices, and dry. The shape similar to the slices, but deeper in colour, horny, slightly with vinegar odour.
取净莪术，照醋煮法（通则0213）煮至透心，取出，稍凉，切厚片，干燥。本品形如莪术片，色泽加深，角质样，微有醋香气。
Assay 含量测定
As required for the crude drug.
同药材，含挥发油不得少于1.0%（ml/g）。
Identification 鉴别
(Except for the transverse section) As required for the crude drug.
（除横切面外） 【检查】 【浸出物】 同药材。
Property 性
Warm; pungent, bitter.
辛、苦，温。
Flavor 味
Bitter.
温。
Meridian tropism 归经
Liver and spleen meridians.
归肝、脾经。
Actions 功能
To move qi, break blood, eliminate accumulation and relieve pain.
行气破血，消积止痛。
Indications 主治
Abdominal masses, glomus, blood-stasis amenorrhea, chest bi disorder and heart pain, food retention with distending pain.
用于癥瘕痞块，瘀血经闭，胸痹心痛，食积胀痛。
Administration and dosage 用法与用量
6-9 g.
6～9g。
Precautions and Warnings 注意
Contraindicated during pregnancy.
孕妇禁用。
Storage 贮藏
Preserve in a dry place, and protect from moth.
置干燥处，防蛀。
This product is the dried rhizome of the ginger family plant Curcuma phaeocaulis VaL., Curcuma kuangsiensis S.G.Lee et C.F.Liang from Guangxi, or Curcuma wenyujin Y.H.Chen et C.Ling. The latter is commonly referred to as "Wen E Zhu". After the stems and leaves wither in winter, they are harvested, cleaned, steamed or boiled until they are thoroughly cooked, and then dried in the sun or dried at low temperature, after which the fibrous roots and impurities are removed.
本天然药材为姜科植物蓬莪术Curcuma phaeocaulis VaL.、广西莪术Curcuma kuuangsiensis S.G.LeeetC.F.Liang或温郁金Curcuma wenyujin Y.H.ChenetC.Ling的干燥根茎。后者习称“温莪术”。冬季茎叶枯萎后釆挖，洗净，蒸或煮至透心，晒干或低温干燥后除去须根和杂质。