黄连

English text reference: *Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition) *
中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》

Overview 概述

Coptis Rhizome is the dried rhizome of Coptis chinensis Franch., Coptis deltoidea C.Y.Cheng et Hsiao, or Coptis teeta Wall. (Fam. Ranunculaceae). The three kinds are respectively known as "Weilian", "Yalian", and "Yunlian". The drug is collected in autumn, removed from rootlets and sand, dried, and pounded to remove residual rootlets.
本品为毛茛科植物黄连Coptis chinensis Franch.、三角叶黄连Coptis deltoidea C.Y.Cheng et Hsiao或云连Coptis teeta Wall.的干燥根茎。以上三种分别习称“味连”、“雅连"、“云连”。秋季采挖，除去须根和泥沙，干燥，撞去残留须根。

Description 性状

Weilian 味连

Clustered, often curved, resembling chicken claws; single-branched rhizome 3-6 cm long, 0.3-0.8 cm in diameter. Surface grayish-yellow or yellowish-brown, rough, with irregular nodular elevations, rootlets, and residual rootlet bases; some internodes have smooth surfaces like stems, known as "crossing the bridge". The upper part often retains brownish scales, and the top often retains residual stems or petioles. Texture hard, uneven fracture; orange-red or dark brown bark, fresh yellow or orange-yellow wood, arranged radially; some medullas are hollow. Odour, slight; taste, extremely bitter.
多集聚成簇，常弯曲，形如鸡爪，单枝根茎长3～6 cm，直径0.3～0.8 cm。表面灰黄色或黄褐色，粗糙，有不规则结节状隆起、须根及须根残基，有的节间表面平滑如茎秆，习称“过桥”。上部多残留褐色鳞叶，顶端常留有残余的茎或叶柄。质硬，断面不整齐，皮部橙红色或暗棕色，木部鲜黄色或橙黄色，呈放射状排列，髓部有的中空。气微，味极苦。

Yalian 雅连

Mostly single-branched, slightly cylindrical, slightly curved, 4-8 cm long, 0.5-1 cm in diameter; "crossing the bridge" is longer. The top has a few residual stems.
多为单枝，略呈圆柱形，微弯曲，长4～8 cm，直径0.5～1cm。“过桥”较长。顶端有少许残茎。

Yunlian 云连

Curved and hooked, mostly single-branched, relatively small.
弯曲呈钩状，多为单枝，较细小。

Identification 鉴别

（1）Cross-section of the product:
（1）本品横切面：

Weilian 味连

Cork cells arranged in rows, with epidermis outside, often exfoliating. Cortex relatively wide, stone cells scattered singly or in groups. Medullary sheath fibers in bundles or accompanied by a few stone cells, all yellow. Vascular bundles exarch, arranged in a ring. Xylem yellow, all lignified, wood fibers relatively well-developed. Medulla consists of thin-walled cells, without stone cells.
木栓层为数列细胞，其外有表皮，常脱落。皮层较宽，石细胞单个或成群散在。中柱鞘纤维成束或伴有少数石细胞，均显黄色。维管束外韧型，环列。木质部黄色，均木化，木纤维较发达。髓部均为薄壁细胞，无石细胞。

Yalian 雅连

Medulla contains stone cells.
髓部有石细胞。

Yunlian 云连

Cortex, medullary sheath, and medulla do not contain stone cells.
皮层、中柱鞘及髓部均无石细胞。

（2）To 0.25 g of the powder add 25 ml of methanol, treat with ultrasound for 30 minutes, filter, and use the filtrate as the test solution. Take 0.25 g of the reference drug Huanglian, and prepare the reference drug solution in the same way. Take berberine hydrochloride CRS, add methanol to produce a solution containing 0.5 mg per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography <0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of n-hexane-acetic ether-isopropanol-methanol-water-triethylamine (3: 3.5: 1: 1.5: 0.5: 1) as the mobile phase. Place the plate in a developing tank pre-saturated with concentrated ammonia solution for 20 minutes, develop, remove, dry, and spray with a 2% solution of vanillin in sulfuric acid at 105 °C until the spots are clearly visible. In the chromatogram obtained with the test solution, there are fluorescent spots of the same color as those in the chromatogram obtained with the reference drug solution at corresponding positions; in the chromatogram obtained with the reference solution, there are fluorescent spots of the same color at corresponding positions.
（2）取本品粉末0.25 g，加甲醇25 ml，超声处理30分钟，滤过，取滤液作为供试品溶液。另取黄连对照药材0.25 g，同法制成对照药材溶液。再取盐酸小檗碱对照品，加甲醇制成每1 ml含0.5 mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述三种溶液各1 μl，分别点于同一高效硅胶G薄层板上，以环己烷-乙酸乙酯-异丙醇-甲醇-水-三乙胺（3︰3.5︰1︰1.5︰0.5︰1）为展开剂，置用浓氨试液预饱和20分钟的展开缸内，展开，取出，晾干，喷以2%香草醛硫酸溶液，在105 °C加热至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点；在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。

Examination 检查

Water 水分

Not more than 14.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.
不得过14.0%（通则0832第二法）。

Total ash 总灰分

Not more than 5.0 per cent <2302>.
不得过5.0%（通则2302）。

Extractives 浸出物

Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble Extractives <2201, the hot maceration method>, using diluted ethanol as the solvent, not less than 15.0 per cent.
照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用稀乙醇作溶剂，不得少于15.0%。

Assay 含量测定

Weilian 味连

Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.
照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。

Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test 色谱条件与系统适用性试验

Use octadecylsilane-bonded silica gel as the filling material; use acetonitrile-0.05 mol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution (50: 50) (add 0.4 g of dodecyl sodium sulfate to each 100 ml, then adjust the pH value to 4.0 with phosphoric acid) as the mobile phase; detection wavelength, 345 nm. The theoretical plate number calculated from the peak of berberine hydrochloride should not be less than 5000.
以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈-0.05 mol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液（50︰50）（每100 ml中加十二烷基硫酸钠0.4 g，再以磷酸调节pH值为4.0）为流动相；检测波长为345 nm。理论板数按盐酸小檗碱峰计算应不低于5000。

Preparation of reference solution 对照品溶液的制备

Take an appropriate amount of berberine hydrochloride CRS, accurately weigh, add methanol to produce a solution containing 90.5 μg per ml.
取盐酸小檗碱对照品适量，精密称定，加甲醇制成每1 ml含90.5 μg的溶液，即得。

Preparation of test solution 供试品溶液的制备

Take about 0.2 g of the powder (passed through a No. 2 sieve), accurately weigh, place it in a stoppered conical flask, accurately add a mixed solution of methanol-hydrochloric acid (100: 1) 50 ml, seal tightly, weigh, treat with ultrasound (power 250 W, frequency 40 kHz) for 30 minutes, cool, weigh again, make up for the weight loss with methanol, shake well, filter, accurately take 2 ml of the filtrate, place it in a 10 ml volumetric flask, add methanol to the mark, shake well, filter, and take the filtrate.
取本品粉末（过二号筛）约0.2 g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入甲醇-盐酸（100︰1）的混合溶液50 ml，密塞，称定重量，超声处理（功率250 W，频率40 kHz）30分钟，放冷，再称定重量，用甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，精密量取续滤液2 ml，置10 ml量瓶中，加甲醇至刻度，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。

Assay method 测定法

Accurately take 10 μl of the reference solution and the test solution, inject them into the liquid chromatograph, and determine the content. Take the peak area of berberine hydrochloride CRS as the reference, and calculate the content of berberine, palmatine, jatrorrhizine, and columbamine, respectively. Determine the relative retention time of the chromatographic peak of the component to the chromatographic peak of berberine hydrochloride.
分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各10 μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，以盐酸小檗碱对照品的峰面积为对照，分别计算小檗碱、表小檗碱、黄连碱和巴马汀的含量，用待测成分色谱峰与盐酸小檗碱色谱峰的相对保留时间确定。

The relative retention time of berberine, palmatine, jatrorrhizine, and columbamine should be within the range of ±5% of the specified value. Relative retention times are shown in the table below:
表小檗碱、黄连碱、巴马汀、小檗碱的峰位，其相对保留时间应在规定值的±5%范围之内，即得。相对保留时间见下表：

Calculated on the dried basis, with berberine hydrochloride (C20H18ClNO4) as the reference, the content of berberine (C20H17NO4) should not be less than 5.5%, the content of palmatine (C20H17NO4) should not be less than 0.80%, the content of jatrorrhizine (C19H13NO4) should not be less than 1.6%, and the content of columbamine (C21H21NO4) should not be less than 1.5%.
本品按干燥品计算，以盐酸小檗碱（C20H18ClNO4）计，含小檗碱（C20H17NO4）不得少于5.5%，表小檗碱（C20H17NO4）不得少于0.80%，黄连碱（C19H13NO4）不得少于1.6%，巴马汀（C21H21NO4）不得少于1.5%。

Yalian 雅连

Calculated on the dried basis, with berberine hydrochloride (C20H18ClNO4) as the reference, the content of berberine (C20H17NO4) should not be less than 4.5%.
本品按干燥品计算，以盐酸小檗碱（C20H18ClNO4）计，含小檗碱（C20H17NO4）不得少于4.5%。

Yunlian 云连

Calculated on the dried basis, with berberine hydrochloride (C20H18ClNO4) as the reference, the content of berberine (C20H17NO4) should not be less than 7.0%.
本品按干燥品计算，以盐酸小檗碱（C20H18ClNO4）计，含小檗碱（C20H17NO4）不得少于7.0%。

Prepared slices 饮片

Slices of Coptis Rhizome 黄连片

Processing 炮制

Coptis Rhizome: Eliminate Foreign matter, soak until thoroughly moistened, cut into thin slices, and dry in the sun, or crush when used.
除去杂质，润透后切薄片，晾干，或用时捣碎。

性状 ｜ Description

In irregular thin slices. Externally greyish-yellow or yellowish-brown, coarse and with fine rootlets. Cut or broken surface fresh yellow or reddish-yellow, with radiate
本品呈不规则的薄片。外表皮灰黄色或黄褐色，粗糙，有细小的须根。切面或碎断面鲜黄色或红黄色，具放射状纹理，气微，味极苦。

检查 ｜ Examination

水分 ｜ Water

Not more than 12.0 per cent, following the method for the crude drug.
同药材，不得过12.0%。

总灰分 ｜ Total ash

Not more than 3.5 per cent, following the method for the crude drug.
同药材，不得过3.5%。

含量测定 ｜ Assay

It contains not less than 5.0 per cent of berberine (C20H17NO4), 3.3 per cent of the total amount of epiberberine （C20H17NO4), coptisine (C19H13NO4) and
同药材，以盐酸小檗碱计，含小檗碱（C20H17NO4）不得少于5.0%, 含表小檗碱（C20H17NO4）、黄连碱（C19H13NO4）和巴马汀（C21H21NO4）的总量不得少于3.3%。

鉴别 ｜Identification

As required for the crude drug except for the transverse section.
（除横切面外）同药材。

浸出物 ｜ Extractives

As required for the crude drug.
同药材。

酒黄连 ｜ Coptidis Rhizorna (processed with wine)

Processing 炮制

Stir-bake the Coptidis Rhiwma as described under the method for stir-baking with wine <0213> to dryness.
取净黄连，照酒炙法（通则0213)炒干。

Using 12.5 kg of yellow rice wine per 100 kg of Coptidis Rhizoma.
每100 kg 黄连，用黄酒12.5 kg。

性状 ｜ Description

The shape similar to the slices, but deeper in colour, slightly with wine odour.
本品形如黄连片，色泽加深。略有酒香气。

鉴别 ｜Identification

As required for Coptis Rhizome.
同黄连片。

检查 ｜ Examination

As required for Coptis Rhizome.
同黄连片。

浸出物 ｜ Extractives

As required for Coptis Rhizome.
同黄连片。

含量测定 ｜ Assay

As required for Coptis Rhizome.
同黄连片。

姜黄连 ｜ Coptidis Rhizoma ( processed with ginger)

Processing 炮制

Coptidis Rhizoma as described under the method for stirbaking with ginger juice <0213> to dryness.
取净黄连，照姜汁炙法（通则0213)炒干。

Using 12.5 kg of ginger per 100 kg of Coptidis Rhizoma.
每100 kg黄连，用生姜12.5 kg。

性状 ｜ Description

The shape similar to the slices, externally brownish-yellow, with the pungent taste of ginger.
本品形如黄连片， 表面棕黄色。有姜的辛辣味。

鉴别 ｜Identification

As required for Coptis Rhizome.
同黄连片。

检查 ｜ Examination

As required for Coptis Rhizome.
同黄连片。

浸出物 ｜ Extractives

As required for Coptis Rhizome.
同黄连片。

含量测定 ｜ Assay

As required for Coptis Rhizome.
同黄连片。

萸黄连 ｜ Coptidis Rhizoma (Processed with Evodiae Fructus)

Processing 炮制

Decoct Evodiae Fructus with a quantity of water, mix the decoction with Coptidis Rhizoma, until the decoction is exhausted, then stir-bake to dryness.
取吴茱萸加适量水煎煮，煎液与净黄连拌匀，待液吸尽，炒干。

To each 100 kg of Coptidis Rhizoma add 10 kg of Evoidae Fructus.
每100 kg黄连，用吴茱萸10 kg。

性状 ｜ Description

The shape similar to the slices, externally brownish-yellow, with the pungent odour of Evodiae Fructus.
本品形如黄连片，表面棕黄色。有吴茱萸的辛辣香气。

鉴别 ｜Identification

To 2 g of the powder add 20 ml of chloroform, ultrasonicate for 30 minutes and filter, extract in the same manner again for 2 times, combine the filtrates and concentrate to dryness in vacuum, dissolve the residue in 1 ml of chloroform as the test solution. Prepare a solution of 0.5 g of Evodiae Fructus reference drug in the same manner as the reference drug solution. Dissolve obaculactone CRS in chloroform to produce a solution containing 1 mg per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography <0502>, using high performance silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of petroleum ether (60-90 °C), chloroform, acetone, methanol and diethylamine (5: 2: 2: 1: 0. 2) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 6 μl of the test solution, 3 μl of the reference drug solution and 2 μl of the reference solution. After developing in a chamber pre-equilibrated with the mobile phase for 30 minutes and removal of the plate, dry in air, spray with a 2% solution of vanillin in sulfuric acid, heat at 105 °C to the spots clear. The major spots in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position and colour to the spots in the chromatogram obtained with the reference drug solution; and one of which corresponds to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference solution.
取本品粉末2 g, 加三氯甲烷20 ml， 超声处理30 分钟，滤过，滤渣同法处理两次，合并滤液，减压回收溶剂至干，加三氯甲烧1 ml 使溶解，作为供试品溶液。另取吴茉萸对照药材0.5 g， 同法制成对照药材溶液。再取拧檬苦素对照品，加三氯甲烷制成每1 ml 含1 mg 的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照菏层色谱法（ 通则0502) 试验， 吸取供试品溶液6 μl 对照药材溶液3队和对照品溶液2 μl，分别点于同一高效硅胶G 薄层板上，以石油酪(60-90 °C)-三氯甲烧－丙酮－甲醇－二乙胺（5：2：2：1：0. 2）为展开剂，预饱和30 分钟，展开，取出，諒干，喷以2%香草酸硫酸溶液，在105 °C加热至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中在与对照药材色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的主斑点；在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。

检查 ｜ Examination

As required for Coptis Rhizome.
同黄连片。

浸出物 ｜ Extractives

As required for Coptis Rhizome.
同黄连片。

含量测定 ｜ Assay

As required for Coptis Rhizome.
同黄连片。

Property 性

Cold.
寒。

Flavor 味

Bitter.
苦。

Meridian tropism 归经

Heart, spleen, stomach, liver, gallbladder, and large intestine meridians.
归心、脾、胃、肝、胆、大肠经。

Actions 功能

To clear heat and dry dampness, relieve fire and detoxify.
清热燥湿，泻火解毒。

Indications 主治

Used for damp-heat accumulation in the middle energizer, vomiting, acid regurgitation, dysentery, jaundice, high fever with delirium, excessive heart fire, restlessness and insomnia, palpitations, blood heat vomiting nosebleed, red eyes, toothache, polydipsia, carbuncle and furuncle; externally for eczema, damp sores, and purulent discharge from the ear. Jiu Huanglian is good at clearing upper energizer fire. Used for red eyes and mouth sores. Jiang Huanglian clears the stomach and stops vomiting. Used for cold-heat mutual constraint, damp-heat obstruction in the middle energizer, and distention and vomiting. Yu Huanglian soothes the liver and stomach and stops vomiting. Used for disharmony between the liver and stomach, vomiting, and acid regurgitation.
用于湿热痞满，呕吐吞酸，泻痢，黄疸，高热神昏，心火亢盛，心烦不寐，心悸不宁，血热吐衄，目赤，牙痛，消渴，痈肿疔疮；外治湿疹，湿疮，耳道流脓。酒黄连善清上焦火热。用于目赤，口疮。姜黄连清胃和胃止呕。用于寒热互结，湿热中阻，痞满呕吐。萸黄连舒肝和胃止呕。用于肝胃不和，呕吐吞酸。

Dosage 用量

2-5 g. For external use, an appropriate amount.
2～5 g。外用适量。

用法 ｜ Administration

None.
无。

Storage 贮藏

Preserve in a well-ventilated and dry place.
置通风干燥处。

概述 | Overview

本品为毛茛科植物黄连Coptis chinensis Franch.、三角叶黄连Coptis deltoidea C.Y.Cheng et Hsiao或云连Coptis teeta Wall.的干燥根茎。以上三种分别习称“味连”、“雅连”、“云连”。秋季采挖，除去须根和泥沙，干燥，撞去残留须根。
Golden Thread is the dried rhizome of Coptis chinensis Franch., Coptis deltoidea C Y. Cheng et Hsiao or Coptis teeta Wall. (Fam. Ranunculaceae), commonly known as “Wei-lian”, “Ya­lian” or “Yun-lian”,respectively. The drug is collected in autumn, removed from rootlets and soil, and dried.

性状 | Description

味连
多集聚成簇，常弯曲，形如鸡爪，单枝根茎长3～6cm，直径0.3～0.8cm。表面灰黄色或黄褐色，粗糙，有不规则结节状隆起、须根及须根残基，有的节间表面平滑如茎秆，习称“过桥”。上部多残留褐色鳞叶，顶端常留有残余的茎或叶柄。质硬，断面不整齐，皮部橙红色或暗棕色，木部鲜黄色或橙黄色，呈放射状排列，髓部有的中空。气微，味极苦。
Rhizome of Coptis chinensis Mostly gathered to a cluster, curved, like “chicken's feet", single rhizome 3-6 cm long, 0.3-0.8 cm in diameter. Externally greyish- yellow or yellowish-brown, rough, bearing irregular nodular protrudings, rootlets and remains of rootlets, some internodes smooth as stem, commonly known as “Guoqiao" (bridge piece). The upper part mostly remained with brown scale leaves, apex often bearing remains of stems or petioles. Texture hard, fracture uneven, bark orange-red or dark brown, wood brightly yellow or orange-yellow, radially arranged, pith sometimes hollowed. Odour, slight； taste, very bitter.

雅连
多为单枝，略呈圆柱形，微弯曲，长4～8cm，直径0.5～lcm。“过桥”较长。顶端有少许残茎。
Rhizome of Coptis deltoidea Mostly single, somewhat cylindrical, slightly curved, 4-8 cm long, 0.5-1 cm in diameter. "Guoqiao" smooth and relatively long. Apex with some remains of stems.

云连
弯曲呈钩状，多为单枝，较细小。
Rhizome of Coptis teeta Curved hook-like, mostly single, relatively small.

鉴别 | Identification

（1）本品横切面：
味连木栓层为数列细胞，其外有表皮，常脱落。皮层较宽，石细胞单个或成群散在。中柱鞘纤维成束或伴有少数石细胞，均显黄色。维管束外韧型，环列。木质部黄色，均木化，木纤维较发达。髓部均为薄壁细胞，无石细胞。
雅连
髓部有石细胞。
云连
皮层、中柱鞘及髓部均无石细胞。
（2）取本品粉末0.25g，加甲醇25ml，超声处理30分钟，滤过，取滤液作为供试品溶液。另取黄连对照药材0.25g，同法制成对照药材溶液。再取盐酸小檗碱对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含0.5mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述三种溶液各1μl，分别点于同一高效硅胶G薄层板上，以环己烷-乙酸乙酯-异丙醇-甲醇-水-三乙胺（3：3.5：1：1.5：0.5：1）为展开剂，置用浓氨试液预饱和20分钟的展开缸内，展开，取出，晾干，喷以2%香草醛硫酸溶液，在105℃加热至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点；在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的荧光斑点。
(1) Transverse section：
Rhizome of Coptis chinensis Cork cells of several layers, covered outside by epidermis which often withered. Cortex broader, stone cells singly scattered or grouped. Pericycle fibres in bundles or accompanied with a few stone cells, both yellow. Collateral vascular bundles arranged in a ring. Xylem yellow, lignified, xylem fibres well developed. Pith consisting of parenchymatous cells, stone cells absent.
Rhizome of Coptis deltoidea Pith with stone cells.
Rhizome of Coptis teeta Stone cells absent from cortex, pericycle and pith.
(2) To 0.25 g of the powder add 25 ml of methanol, ultrasonicate for 30 minutes, filter and use the filtrate as the test solution. Prepare a solution of 0.25 g of Coptidis Rhizoma reference drug in the same manner as the reference drug solution. Dissolve berberine hydrochloride CRS in methanol to produce a solution containing 0.5 mg per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography 〈 0502〉,using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of cyclohexane, ethyl acetate, isopropanol, methanol, water and triethylamine. ( 3 : 3.5 : 1 : 1.5 : 0.5 : 1) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 1μl of each of the above three solutions. After developing in a chamber pre-equilibrated with vapour of strong ammonia TS for 20 minutes and removal of the plate, dry in air, examine under ultraviolet light at 365 nm. The four fluorescent spots in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position and colour to the fluorescent spots in the chromatogram obtained with the reference drug solution, and one of which corresponds to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference solution.

检查 | Examination

水分 | Water

不得过14.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 14.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

总灰分 | Total ash

不得过5.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 5.0 per cent <2302>.

浸出物 | Extractives

照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用稀乙醇作溶剂，不得少于15.0%。
Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble extractives <2201 , the hot extraction method>, using dilute ethanol as the solvent, not less than 15. 0 per cent.

含量测定 | Assay

味连
照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Assay Rhizome of Coptis chinensis Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography 〈0512〉.

饮片 | Prepared slices

黄连片 | Rhizome of Coptis chinensis Slices

炮制 | Processing

除去杂质，润透后切薄片，晾干，或用时捣碎。
Eliminate Foreign matter,spray with Water , soften briefly, cut into sections, and dry in the sun.

本品呈不规则的薄片。外表皮灰黄色或黄褐色，粗糙，有细小的须根。切面或碎断面鲜黄色或红黄色，具放射状纹理，气微，味极苦。
Rhizome of Coptis chinensis Slices are irregular in shape. The outer surface is greyish-yellow or yellowish-brown, rough, with small rootlets. The cut surface or broken surface is bright yellow or reddish-yellow, with radial texture. It has a slight odor and a very bitter taste.

酒黄连 | Rhizome of Coptis chinensis Processed with Wine

取净黄连，照酒炙法（通则0213）炒干。
Take clean Rhizome of Coptis chinensis, process it with wine according to the method of stir-frying (General Rule 0213), and dry it.

每100kg黄连，用黄酒12.5kg。
For every 100kg of Rhizome of Coptis chinensis, use 12.5kg of yellow wine.

本品形如黄连片，色泽加深。略有酒香气。
The processed product is shaped like slices of Rhizome of Coptis chinensis, with a deep color. It has a slight aroma of wine.

姜黄连 | Rhizome of Coptis chinensis Processed with Ginger Juice

取净黄连，照姜汁炙法（通则0213）炒干。
Take clean Rhizome of Coptis chinensis, process it with ginger juice according to the method of stir-frying (General Rule 0213), and dry it.

每100kg黄连，用生姜12.5kg。
For every 100kg of Rhizome of Coptis chinensis, use 12.5kg of fresh ginger.

本品形如黄连片，表面棕黄色。有姜的辛辣味。
The processed product is shaped like slices of Rhizome of Coptis chinensis, with a brownish-yellow surface. It has a spicy taste of ginger.

萸黄连 | Rhizome of Coptis chinensis Processed with Evodia Fruit

取吴茱萸加适量水煎煮，煎液与净黄连拌匀，待液吸尽，炒干。
Take Evodia Fruit and cook it with an appropriate amount of water. Mix the decoction with clean Rhizome of Coptis chinensis, let the liquid absorb, and stir-fry it until dry.

每100kg黄连，用吴茱萸10kg。
For every 100kg of Rhizome of Coptis chinensis, use 10kg of Evodia Fruit.

本品形如黄连片，表面棕黄色。有吴茱萸的辛辣香气。
The processed product is shaped like slices of Rhizome of Coptis chinensis, with a brownish-yellow surface. It has a spicy aroma of Evodia Fruit.

性味与归经 | Property and Flavor

苦，寒。归心、脾、胃、肝、胆、大肠经。
Bitter and cold. Meridian tropism: Heart, Spleen, Stomach, Liver, Gallbladder, Large Intestine.

功能与主治 | Actions and Indications

清热燥湿，泻火解毒。用于湿热痞满，呕吐吞酸，泻痢，黄疸，高热神昏，心火亢盛，心烦不寐，心悸不宁，血热吐衄，目赤，牙痛，消渴，痈肿疔疮；外治湿疹，湿疮，耳道流脓。酒黄连善清上焦火热。用于目赤，口疮。姜黄连清胃和胃止呕。用于寒热互结，湿热中阻，痞满呕吐。萸黄连舒肝和胃止呕。用于肝胃不和，呕吐吞酸。
To clear heat and dry dampness, relieve fire and detoxify. Used for damp-heat distention, vomiting, acid regurgitation, diarrhea, jaundice, high fever with delirium, excessive heart fire, restlessness and insomnia, palpitations, bleeding due to blood heat, red eyes, toothache, polydipsia, carbuncles and furuncles; externally used for eczema, damp sores, and purulent discharge from the ear. Wine-processed Golden Thread is good at clearing upper Jiao fire and heat. Used for red eyes and mouth sores. Ginger-processed Golden Thread clears the stomach and stops vomiting. Used for cold and heat entanglement, damp-heat obstruction, and distention and vomiting. Evodia Fruit-processed Golden Thread soothes the liver and stomach and stops vomiting. Used for disharmony between the liver and stomach, vomiting, and acid regurgitation.

用法与用量 | Administration and Dosage

2～5g。外用适量。
2-5g. For external use, an appropriate amount.

贮藏 | Storage

置通风干燥处。
Store in a well-ventilated and dry place.