金荞麦

English text reference: *Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition) *
中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》

Overview 概述

Rhizoma Fagopyri Dibotryis is the dried rhizome and root of Fagopyrum dibotrys (D.Don) Hara (Fam. Polygonaceae). The drug is collected in winter, removed from stem and root hairs, washed clean, and dried in the sun.
本品为蓼科植物金荞麦Fagopyrum dibotrys（D.Don）Hara的干燥根茎。冬季采挖，除去茎和须根，洗净，晒干。

Description 性状

Rhizomes irregularly massed or cylindrical, often with tuberous branches, 3-15 cm long, 1-4 cm in diameter; surface brownish-brown, with transverse nodes and longitudinal wrinkles, densely dotted with pustular pores, and with concave circular root scars and residual root hairs. Texture hard, not easily broken, fracture pale yellow-white or pale reddish-brown, with radial texture, central medullary part darker in color. Odour, slight; taste, slightly astringent.
本品呈不规则团块或圆柱状，常有瘤状分枝，顶端有的有茎残基，长3～15 cm，直径1～4 cm。表面棕褐色，有横向环节和纵皱纹，密布点状皮孔，并有凹陷的圆形根痕和残存须根。质坚硬，不易折断，断面淡黄白色或淡棕红色，有放射状纹理，中央髓部色较深。气微，味微涩。

Identification 鉴别

（1）The powder is light brown. Numerous starch grains are present, single grains are spherical, elliptical or ovate, 5-48 μm in diameter, with hilum punctate, stellate, fissured or bird-like, located in the center or biased to one end, large grains show layering; compound grains consist of 2-4 sub-grains; half-compound grains are visible. Wood fibers are bundled, 10-38 μm in diameter, with oblique or cross-shaped pits. Calcium oxalate cluster crystals are 10-62 μm in diameter. Wood parenchyma cells are square or elliptical, 28-37 μm in diameter, up to about 100 μm in length, with slightly thickened walls and sparse pits. Vascular tracheids and libriform fibers are 21-83 μm in diameter.
（1）本品粉末淡棕色。淀粉粒甚多，单粒类球形、椭圆形或卵圆形，直径5～48 μm，脐点点状、星状、裂缝状或飞鸟状，位于中央或偏于一端，大粒可见层纹；复粒由2～4分粒组成；半复粒可见。木纤维成束，直径10~38 μm，具单斜纹孔或十字形纹孔。草酸钙簇晶直径10～62 μm。木薄壁细胞类方形或椭圆形，直径28～37 μm，长约至100 μm，壁稍厚，可见稀疏的纹孔。具缘纹孔导管和网纹导管直径21～83 μm。

（2）Take 2.5 g of the drug, add 20 ml of methanol, let stand for 1 hour, heat under reflux for 1 hour, cool, filter, concentrate the filtrate to 5 ml as the test solution. Take another 1 g of Rhizoma Fagopyri Dibotryis, prepare the reference solution in the same way. Take rutin CRS, add methanol to produce a solution containing 1 mg per ml as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography <0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of toluene-acetic acid-ethyl acetate-methanol-formic acid (1: 2: 0.2: 0.1) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 5-10 μl of each of the test solution, the reference solution, and the reference drug solution. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with a 25% solution of phosphomolybdic acid in ethanol, heat at 110 °C to the spots clear. The spots in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution correspond in position and colour to the spots in the chromatograms obtained with the reference drug solution and the reference solution.
（2）取本品2.5 g，加甲醇20 ml，放置1小时，加热回流1小时，放冷，滤过，滤液浓缩至5 ml，作为供试品溶液。另取金荞麦对照药材1 g，同法制成对照药材溶液。再取表儿茶素对照品，加甲醇制成每1 ml含1 mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取供试品溶液5～10 μl、对照药材溶液和对照品溶液各5 μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以甲苯-乙酸乙酯-甲醇-甲酸（1：2：0.2：0.1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以25%磷钼酸乙醇溶液，在110 °C加热至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱和对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。

Examination 检查

Water 水分

Not more than 15.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.
不得过15.0%（通则0832第二法）。

Total ash 总灰分

Not more than 5.0 per cent <2302>.
不得过5.0%（通则2302）。

Extractives 浸出物

Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble Extractives <2201, the hot maceration method>, using diluted ethanol as the solvent, not less than 14.0 per cent.
照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用稀乙醇作溶剂，不得少于14.0%。

Assay 含量测定

Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.
照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。

Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test 色谱条件与系统适用性试验

Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the filler; use acetonitrile-0.004% phosphoric acid solution (10: 90) as the mobile phase; detection wavelength is 280 nm. The theoretical plate number calculated from the peak of rutin should not be less than 6000.
以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈-0.004%磷酸溶液（10：90）为流动相；检测波长为280 nm。理论板数按表儿茶素峰计算应不低于6000。

Preparation of reference solution 对照品溶液的制备

Take an appropriate amount of rutin CRS, accurately weigh, add the mobile phase to produce a solution containing 25 μg per ml, and mix well.
取表儿茶素对照品适量，精密称定，加流动相制成每1 ml含25 μg的溶液，即得。

Preparation of test solution 供试品溶液的制备

Take about 2 g of the coarse powder of the drug, accurately weigh, place it in a stoppered conical flask, accurately add 50 ml of diluted ethanol, seal tightly, accurately weigh, let stand for 1 hour, heat under reflux for 1 hour, cool, weigh again, make up for the weight loss with diluted ethanol, shake well, filter, accurately take 25 ml of the filtrate, concentrate under reduced pressure (50-70 °C) to near dryness, wash the residue with a mixed solution of acetonitrile-water (10: 90) in portions, transfer the washing solution to a 10 ml volumetric flask, add a mixed solution of acetonitrile-water (10: 90) to the mark, shake well, centrifuge (at a speed of 3000 rpm) for 5 minutes, accurately take 5 ml of the supernatant, apply to a polyamide column (30-60 mesh, inner diameter 1.0 cm, column length 15 cm, wet packing), elute with 50 ml of water, discard the eluate, elute with 100 ml of ethanol, collect the eluate, concentrate under reduced pressure (50-70 °C) to near dryness, dissolve the residue with a mixed solution of acetonitrile-water (10: 90), transfer to a 10 ml volumetric flask, dilute with a mixed solution of acetonitrile-water (10: 90) to the mark, shake well, and obtain the test solution.
取本品粗粉约2 g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入稀乙醇50 ml，密塞，精密称定，放置1小时，加热回流1小时，放冷，再称定重量，用稀乙醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，精密量取续滤液25 ml，减压浓缩（50～70 °C）至近干，残渣加乙腈-水（10：90）混合溶液分次洗涤，洗液转移至10 ml量瓶中，加乙腈-水（10：90）混合溶液至刻度，摇匀，离心（转速为每分钟3000转）5分钟，精密量取上清液5 ml，加于聚酰胺柱（30～60目，内径为1.0 cm，柱长为15 cm，湿法装柱）上，以水50 ml洗脱，弃去水液，再用乙醇100 ml洗脱，收集洗脱液，减压浓缩（50～70 °C）至近干，残渣用乙腈-水（10：90）混合溶液溶解，转移至10 ml量瓶中，加乙腈-水（10：90）混合溶液稀释至刻度，摇匀，即得。

Assay method 测定法

Accurately take 20 μl of each of the reference solution and the test solution, inject into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.
分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各20 μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。

Calculated on the dried basis, the content of rutin (C15H14O6) should not be less than 0.030%.
本品按干燥品计算，含表儿茶素（C15H14O6）不得少于0.030%。

Prepared slices 饮片

Rhizoma Fagopyri Dibotryis 金荞麦

Processing 炮制

Eliminate Foreign matter, wash clean, soften briefly, cut into thick slices, and dry.
除去杂质，洗净，润透，切厚片，干燥。

Description 性状

In irregular thick slices. Externally brown, some falling off. Cut surface pale yellowish-white or pale brownish-red, radiately striated, some with pith in deeper colour. Odour slight; taste slightly astringent.
本品呈不规则的厚片。外表皮棕褐色，或有时脱落。切面淡黄白色或淡棕红色，有放射状纹理，有的可见髓部，颜色较深。气微，味微涩。

含量测定 ｜ Assay

It contains oot less than 0. 020 per cent of (-)-epicatechin (C15H14O6), following the method for the crude drug.
同药材，含表儿茶素(C15H14O6)不得少千0.020%。

Identification 鉴别

As required for the crude drug.
同药材。

Examination 检查

As required for the crude drug.
同药材。

Extractives 浸出物

As required for the crude drug.
同药材。

Property 性

Cold.
凉。

Flavor 味

Slightly pungent and astringent.
微辛、涩。

Meridian tropism 归经

Lung meridian.
归肺经。

Actions 功能

To clear heat and detoxify, promote suppuration and eliminate stasis.
清热解毒，排脓祛瘀。

Indications 主治

Used for lung abscess with expectoration of pus, lung heat with cough and dyspnea, and mastitis with swelling and pain.
用于肺痈吐脓，肺热喘咳，乳蛾肿痛。

Dosage 用量

15-45 g.
15～45 g。

Administration 用法

Decocted with water or yellow rice wine in a sealed container over water.
用水或黄酒隔水密闭炖服。

Storage 贮藏

Preserve in a dry place, protect from mold and moth.
置干燥处，防霉，防蛀。

金荞麦

Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)
文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》

Overview 概述

Golden Buckwheat Rhizome is the dried rhizome of Fagopyrum dibotrys (D. Don) Hara (Fam. Polygonaceae). The drug is collected in winter, removed from stem and rootlet, washed clean, and dried.
本品为蓼科植物金荞麦Fagopyrum dibotrys （D.Don） Ham的干燥根茎。冬季采挖，除去茎和须根，洗净，晒干。

Description 性状

In irregular masses or cylindrical, mostly with tubercular branches, sometimes with remains of stems at apex, 3-15 cm long, 1-4 cm in diameter. Externally brown, with transverse annulated-nodes and longitudinal wrinkles, scattered with numerous dotted lenticels, and showing dent and rounded root scars and remains of rootlets. Texture hard and uneasily broken, facture pale yellowish-white or pale brownish-red, radiately striated. Pith in the centre deeper in colour. Odour, slight; taste, slightly astringent.
本品呈不规则团块或圆柱状，常有瘤状分枝，顶端有的有茎残基，长3～15cm，直径1～4cm。表面棕褐色，有横向环节和纵皱纹，密布点状皮孔，并有凹陷的圆形根痕和残存须根。质坚硬，不易折断，断面淡黄白色或淡棕红色，有放射状纹理，中央髓部色较深。气微，味微涩。

Identification 鉴别

（2）取本品2.5g，加甲醇20ml，放置1小时，加热回流1小时，放冷，滤过，滤液浓缩至5ml，作为供试品溶液。另取金荞麦对照药材1g，同法制成对照药材溶液。再取表儿茶素对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含1mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取供试品溶液5～10µl、对照药材溶液和对照品溶液各5µl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以甲苯-乙酸乙酯-甲醇-甲酸（1：2：0.2：0.1）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以25%磷钼酸乙醇溶液，在110℃加热至斑点显色清晰。供试品色谱中，在与对照药材色谱和对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。
（1）本品粉末淡棕色。淀粉粒甚多，单粒类球形、椭圆形或卵圆形，直径5～48µm，脐点点状、星状、裂缝状或飞鸟状，位于中央或偏于一端，大粒可见层纹；复粒由2～4分粒组成；半复粒可见。木纤维成束，直径10～38µm，具单斜纹孔或十字形纹孔。草酸钙簇晶直径10～62µm。木薄壁细胞类方形或椭圆形，直径28～37µm，长约至100µm，壁稍厚，可见稀疏的纹孔。具缘纹孔导管和网纹导管直径21～83µm。

Examination 检查

Water 水分

Not more than 15.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.
不得过15.0%（通则0832第二法）。

Total ash 总灰分

Not more than 5.0 per cent <2302>.
不得过5.0%（通则2302）。

Extractives 浸出物

Carry out the method for determination of ethanol-soluble extractives <2201, the hot extraction method>, using dilute ethanol as the solvent, not less than 14.0 per cent.
照醇溶性浸出物测定法（通则2201）项下的热浸法测定，用稀乙醇作溶剂，不得少于14.0%。

Assay 含量测定

Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography <0512>.
照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。

Chromatographic system and system suitability 色谱条件与系统适用性试验

Use octadecylsilane bonded silica gel as the stationary phase and a mixture of acetonitrile and 0.004% solution of phosphoric acid (10 : 90) as the mobile phase. As detector a spectrophotometer set at 280 nm. The number of theoretical plates of the column is not less than 6000, calculated with the reference to the peak of (一)-epicatechin.
以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以乙腈-0.004%磷酸溶液（10：90）为流动相；检测波长为280nm。理论板数按表儿茶素峰计算应不低于6000。

Reference solution 对照品溶液的制备

Weigh accurately a quantity of (一)-epicatechin CRS, dissolve in the mobile phase to produce a solution containing 25 μg per ml.
取表儿茶素对照品适量，精密称定， 加流动相制成每1ml含25µg的溶液，即得。

Test solution 供试品溶液的制备

Weigh accurately 2 g of the powder to a stoppered conical flask, add accurately 50 ml of dilute ethanol, stopper tightly, weigh and stand for 1 hour. Heat under reflux on a water bath for 1 hour, cool and weigh again, replenish the loss of the solvent with dilute ethanol, mix well and filter. Concentrate exactly 25 ml of the successive filtrate to near dryness in vacuum (50-70℃). Wash the residue with a mixture of acetonitrile and water (10 : 90) in quantities, combine the washings to a 10 ml volumetric flask, dilute with the same mixture to volume, mix well and centrifuge at 3000 rpm for 5 minutes. Apply accurately 5 ml of the supernatant to a polyamide column (30-60 mesh, 1.0 cm in inner diameter, 15 cm long, packed by wet method), elute with 50 ml of water and 100 ml of ethanol successively, discard the water eluates, collect the ethanol eluates and concentrate to near dryness in vacuum (50-70℃). Dissolve the residue in a mixture of acetonitrile and water (10 : 90), transfer to a 10 ml volumetric flask, dilute with the same mixture to volume and mix well.
取本品粗粉约2g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入稀乙醇50ml，密塞，精密称定，放置1小时，加热回流1小时，放冷，再称定重量，用稀乙醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，精密量取续滤液25ml，减压浓缩（50～70℃）至近干，残渣加乙腈-水（10：90）混合溶液分次洗涤，洗液转移至10ml量瓶中，加乙腈-水（10：90）混合溶液至刻度，摇匀，离心（转速为每分钟3000转）5分钟，精密量取上清液5ml，加于聚酰胺柱（30～60目，内径为1.0cm，柱长为15cm，湿法装柱）上，以水50ml洗脱，弃去水液，再用乙醇100ml洗脱，收集洗脱液，减压浓缩（50～70℃）至近干，残渣用乙腈-水（10：90）混合溶液溶解，转移至10ml量瓶中，加乙腈-水（10：90）混合溶液稀释至刻度，摇匀，即得。

Procedure 测定法

Inject accurately 20 μl of each of the reference solution and the test solution, respectively, into the column, and calculate the content.
分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各20µl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。

It contains not less than 0.030 per cent of (一)-epicatechin (C15H14O6), calculated with reference to the dried drug.
本品按干燥品计算，含表儿茶素（C15H14O6）不得少于0.030%。

Prepared slices 饮片

Golden Buckwheat 金荞麦

Processing 炮制

Eliminate foreign matter, wash clean, soften thoroughly, cut into thick slices, and dry.
除去杂质，洗净，润透，切厚片，干燥。

Property 性

Mild pungent and astringent.
微辛、涩。

Flavor 味

Cool.
凉。

Meridian tropism 归经

Lung meridian.
归肺经。

Actions 功能

To clear heat, remove toxin, expel pus and eliminate stasis.
清热解毒，排脓祛瘀。

Indications 主治

Lung abscess with pyemesis, wheezing and cough caused by lung-heat, swelling and pain caused by tonsillitis.
用于肺痈吐脓，肺热喘咳，乳蛾肿痛。

Administration and dosage 用法与用量

15-45 g, mixed with water or yellow rice wine, and simmered in an airtight container for oral administration.
15～45g，用水或黄酒隔水密闭炖服。

Storage 贮藏

Preserve in a dry place, protected from mould and moth.
置干燥处，防霉，防蛀。