矮地茶

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为紫金牛科植物紫金牛Ardisia japonzca（Thunb.） Blume的干燥全草。夏、秋二季茎叶茂盛时采挖，除去泥沙，干燥。
Ardisia Herb is the dried whole plant of Ardisia japonzca (Thunb.) Blume (Fam. Myrsinaceae). The drug is collected in summer and autumn when the stems and leaves are luxuriant, removed from sand and soil, and dried.

性状 Description

本品根茎呈圆柱形，疏生须根。茎略呈扁圆柱形，稍扭曲，长10～30cm，直径0.2～0.5cm；表面红棕色，有细纵纹、叶痕及节；质硬，易折断。叶互生，集生于茎梢；叶片略卷曲或破碎，完整者展平后呈椭圆形，长3～7cm，宽1.5～3cm；灰绿色、棕褐色或浅红棕色；先端尖，基部楔形，边缘具细锯齿；近革质。茎顶偶有红色球形核果。气微，味微涩。
Rhizome cylindrical, with sparse adventitious roots. Stem slightly flattened cylindrical, slightly twisted, 10-30 cm long, 0.2-0.5 cm in diameter; surface reddish-brown, with fine longitudinal wrinkles, leaf scars and nodes; texture hard, easily broken. Leaves alternate, clustered at the stem apex; leaf blades slightly curled or broken, elliptical when flattened, 3-7 cm long, 1.5-3 cm wide; grayish-green, brownish-brown or light reddish-brown; apex acute, base wedge-shaped, margin finely serrate; nearly leathery. Occasionally red spherical drupe at the top of the stem. Odour, slight; taste, slightly astringent.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品茎横切面∶表皮细胞壁厚，有腺毛；老茎可见木栓层。皮层较宽，外侧为数列厚角细胞；有的含草酸钙方晶；具分泌腔。内皮层明显。韧皮部甚窄，外侧有少数纤维。形成层环不明显。木质部细胞均木化，导管多单行排列。髓部较大，具分泌腔。薄壁细胞含草酸钙方晶和淀粉粒，有的含棕色物。
Stem transverse section: epidermal cells with thick walls, glandular hairs present; cork layer visible in old stems. Cortex wide, with several rows of thick-walled cells on the outer side; some containing calcium oxalate prisms; secretory cavities present. Endodermis distinct. Phloem very narrow, with a few fibers on the outer side. Cambium ring indistinct. Xylem cells all lignified, vessels mostly arranged in a single row. Pith relatively large, with secretory cavities. Thin-walled cells containing calcium oxalate prisms and starch grains, some containing brown substances.

本品叶表面观∶表皮细胞垂周壁波状弯曲；气孔为不等式，偶见不定式。腺鳞头部8～10细胞，柄单细胞。
Leaf surface of the drug: epidermal cells with wavy periclinal walls; stomata anisocytic, occasionally anomocytic. Glandular scales with 8-10 cells at the head and a single cell at the stalk.

本品粉末棕褐色。螺纹导管较多见，直径7.5～25μm。分泌腔多破碎，有的含黄棕色分泌物，可见内含棕褐色物质的分泌细胞。纤维壁厚。草酸钙方晶直径7.5～26μm。腺毛由单细胞柄和2细胞头组成。气孔为不等式。可见棕色块状物。淀粉粒单粒卵圆形或圆形，直径3.8～23μm，脐点点状或裂缝状；复粒由2～3分粒组成。
Powder of the drug brown. Spiral vessels more common, diameter 7.5-25 μm. Secretory cavities mostly broken, some containing yellowish-brown secretions, secretory cells containing brown substances visible. Fiber walls thick. Calcium oxalate prisms diameter 7.5-26 μm. Glandular hairs composed of a single-cell stalk and a two-cell head. Stomata anisocytic. Brownish lumps visible. Starch grains single, oval or round, diameter 3.8-23 μm, hilum punctate or fissured; compound grains composed of 2-3 sub-grains.

（2）取本品粉末0.2g，加甲醇20ml，超声处理30分钟，放冷，滤过，滤液浓缩至1ml，作为供试品溶液。另取岩白菜素对照品，加甲醇制成每1ml含0.5mg的溶液，作为对照品溶液。照薄层色谱法（通则0502）试验，吸取上述两种溶液各3μl，分别点于同一硅胶G薄层板上，以二氯甲烷-乙酸乙酯-甲醇（5∶4∶2）为展开剂，展开，取出，晾干，喷以1%三氯化铁-1%铁氰化钾（1∶1）的混合溶液。供试品色谱中，在与对照品色谱相应的位置上，显相同颜色的斑点。
To 0.2 g of the powder add 20 ml of methanol, treat with ultrasound for 30 minutes, cool, filter, concentrate the filtrate to 1 ml as the test solution. Take another 1 ml of methanol to dissolve 0.5 mg of bergenin CRS as the reference solution. Carry out the method for thin layer chromatography<0502>, using silica gel G as the coating substance and a mixture of dichloromethane-acetic ether-methanol (5:4:2) as the mobile phase. Apply separately to the plate 3 μl of each of the above two solutions. After developing and removal of the plate, dry in air. Spray with a mixed solution of 1% ferric chloride and 1% potassium ferricyanide (1:1). The fluorescent spot in the chromatogram obtained with the test solution corresponds in position and colour to the spot in the chromatogram obtained with the reference solution.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过13.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832,method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过8.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 8.0 per cent <2302>.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the assay by high-performance liquid chromatography <0512>.

色谱条件与系统适用性试验 Chromatographic conditions and system suitability test

以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂；以甲醇-水（20∶80）为流动相；检测波长为275nm。理论板数按岩白菜素峰计算应不低于1500。
Use octadecylsilane-bonded silica gel as the filler; use methanol-water (20:80) as the mobile phase; detect at a wavelength of 275nm. The theoretical plate number calculated based on the peak of baicalin should not be less than 1500.

对照品溶液的制备 Preparation of reference solution

取岩白菜素对照品适量，精密称定，加甲醇制成每1ml含50μg的溶液，即得。
Take an appropriate amount of baicalin reference substance, accurately weigh, add methanol to make a solution containing 50μg per 1ml.

供试品溶液的制备 Preparation of test solution

取本品细粉约0.2g，精密称定，置具塞锥形瓶中，精密加入甲醇20ml，称定重量，超声处理（功率200W，频率40kHz）40分钟，放冷，再称定重量，用甲醇补足减失的重量，摇匀，滤过，取续滤液，即得。
Take about 0.2g of the powder of this product, accurately weigh, place it in a stoppered conical flask, accurately add 20ml of methanol, weigh, subject to ultrasonic treatment (power 200W, frequency 40kHz) for 40 minutes, cool, weigh again, make up for the weight loss with methanol, shake well, filter, and take the filtrate.

测定法 Assay method

分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各5μl，注入液相色谱仪，测定，即得。
Accurately take 5μl of the reference solution and the test solution, inject into the liquid chromatograph, and determine.

本品按干燥品计算，含岩白菜素（C14H16O9）不得少于0.50%。
Calculated on the dried product, the content of baicalin (C14H16O9) should not be less than 0.50%.

饮片 Prepared slices

矮地茶 Ardisia Herb

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，洗净，切段，干燥。
Eliminate Foreign matter, wash, cut into sections, and dry in the sun.

性状 Description

本品呈不规则的段。根茎圆柱形而弯曲，疏生须根。茎略呈扁圆柱形，表面红棕色，具细纵纹，有的具分枝和互生叶痕。切面中央有淡棕色髓部。叶多破碎，灰绿色至棕绿色，顶端较尖，基部楔形，边缘具细锯齿，近革质。气微，味微涩。
This product is in irregular segments. The rhizome is terete and curved, sparsely fibrous. The stem is slightly compressed cylindrical, with a reddish brown surface, with fine longitudinal lines, some with branches and alternate leaf scars. The cut surface has a light brown pith in the centre. Leaves more broken, grey-green to brown-green, apical more pointed, base cuneate, margin serrulate, subleathery. Slightly astringent taste.

检查 Examination

水分 Water

同药材，不得过11.0%。
Same as the crude drug. Not more than 11.0 per cent.

总灰分 Total ash

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

鉴别 Identification

（除茎横切面、叶表面观外）同药材。
(except stem cross-section, leaf surface view) Same as the crude drug.

含量测定 Assay

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

性 Property

平。
Neutral.

味 Flavor

辛、微苦。
Pungent, and slightly bitter.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肺、肝经。
Lung and liver meridians.

功能 Actions

化痰止咳，清利湿热，活血化瘀。
To resolve phlegm and stop coughing, clear and eliminate damp-heat, activate blood circulation and resolve stasis.

主治 Indications

用于新久咳嗽，喘满痰多，湿热黄疸，经闭瘀阻，风湿痹痛，跌打损伤。
Used for cough with phlegm, asthma with fullness, damp-heat jaundice, blood stasis due to menstrual disorders, rheumatic arthralgia, and traumatic injury.

用量 Dosage

15～30g。
15-30 g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处。
Preserve in a cool and dry place.

矮地茶

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为紫金牛科植物紫金牛Ardisia japonica（Thunb.） Blume的干燥全草。夏、秋二季茎叶茂盛时采挖，除去泥沙， 干燥。
Japanese Ardisia Herb is the dried herb of Ardisa japonica (Thunb.) Blume (Fam. Myrsinaceae). The drug is collected in summer and autumn when foliage branch growing luxuriantly, removed from soil, and dried.

性状 Description

本品根茎呈圆柱形，疏生须根。茎略呈扁圆柱形，稍扭曲，长10～30cm，直径0.2～0.5cm；表面红棕色，有细纵纹、叶痕及节；质硬，易折断。叶互生，集生于茎梢；叶片略卷曲或破碎，完整者展平后呈椭圆形，长3～7cm，宽1.5～3cm；灰绿色、棕褐色或浅红棕色；先端尖，基部楔形，边缘具 细锯齿；近革质。茎顶偶有红色球形核果。气微，味微涩。
Rhizomes cylindrical, sparsely with rootlets. Stems somewhat flattened-cylindrical, slightly twisted, 10-30 cm long, 0.2-0.5 cm in diameter; externally reddish brown, with fine longitudinal striations, leaf scars and nodes; texture hard, easily broken. Leaves alternate, gathered at the tip of stems, lamina slightly crumpled or broken, when whole, ellipsoid, 3-7 cm long, 1.5-3 cm wide, greyish-green, dark brown or pale reddish-brown; apex acute, base cuneate, margin serrulate; texture nearly leathery. Drupe red and spheroidal, occurring at the apex of stem occasionally. Odour, slight; taste, slightly astringent.

鉴别 Identification

（1）本品茎横切面：表皮细胞壁厚，有腺毛；老茎可见木栓层。皮层较宽，外侧为数列厚角细胞；有的含草酸钙方晶；具分泌腔。内皮层明显。韧皮部甚窄，外侧有少数纤维。形成层环不明显。木质部细胞均木化，导管多单行排列。髓部较 大，具分泌腔。薄壁细胞含草酸钙方晶和淀粉粒，有的含棕色物。
（2）本品叶表面观：表皮细胞垂周壁波状弯曲；气孔为不等式，偶见不定式。腺鳞头部8～10细胞，柄单细胞。

检查 Examination

水分 Water

不得过13.0%（通则0832第二法）。
Not more than 13.0 per cent <0832, method 2>.

总灰分 Total ash

不得过8.0%（通则2302）。
Not more than 8.0 per cent <2302>.

含量测定 Assay

照高效液相色谱法（通则0512）测定。
Carry out the method for high performance liquid chromatography<0512>.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处。
Preserve in a cool and dry place.

饮片 Prepared slices

矮地茶 Japanese Ardisia

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，洗净，切段，干燥。
Eliminate foreign matter, wash clean, take out, stand and remove from water, cut into sections, and dry.

性 Property

平。
Neutral.

味 Flavor

辛、微苦。
Pungent and mild bitter.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肺、肝经。
Lung and liver meridians.

功能 Actions

化痰止咳，清利湿热，活血化瘀。
To resolve phlegm, suppress cough, clear and drain dampness-heat, activate blood and resolve stasis.

主治 Indications

用于新久咳嗽，喘满痰多，湿热黄疸，经闭瘀阻，风湿痹痛，跌打损伤。
Acute and chronic cough, wheezing and chest fullness with profuse sputum, dampness-heat jaundice, amenorrhea caused by stasis obstruction, painful bi disorder caused by wind-dampness, and traumatic injuries.

用量 Dosage

15～30g。
15-30 g.

用法 Administration

无特殊要求。
No special requirements.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处。
Preserve in a cool and dry place.