橘核

中文文本参考：《中国药典（2020年版）》
English text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为芸香科植物橘Citrus reticulata Blanco及其栽培变种的干燥成熟种子。果实成熟后收集，洗净，晒干。
Tangerine Seed is the dried mature seed of Citrus reticulata Blanco and its cultivated varieties (Fam. Rutaceae). The fruit is collected when ripe, cleaned, and dried.

性状 Description

本品略呈卵形，长0.8～1.2cm，直径0.4～0.6cm。表面淡黄白色或淡灰白色，光滑，一侧有种脊棱线，一端钝圆，另端渐尖成小柄状。外种皮薄而韧，内种皮菲薄，淡棕色，子叶2，黄绿色，有油性。气微，味苦。
Seeds slightly ovate, 0.8-1.2 cm long, 0.4-0.6 cm in diameter. Surface pale yellowish-white or pale grayish-white, smooth, with a ridge line on one side, one end bluntly rounded, the other end gradually tapering into a small stalk. Outer seed coat thin and tough, inner seed coat thin and pale brown, cotyledons 2, yellowish-green, oily. Odour, slight; taste, bitter.

鉴别 Identification

本品横切面∶种皮表皮细胞为黏液细胞层；其下为1列厚壁细胞，排列成栅状，外壁完整或上端呈尾状突起，壁厚薄不匀，木化，具十字形或斜纹孔；色素层细胞含橙黄色或黄棕色物，并含草酸钙方晶，直径7～16μm。胚乳细胞3～4列，有的壁连珠状增厚，含脂肪油滴。子叶细胞含细小草酸钙簇晶或方晶，并含脂肪油滴和针簇状橙皮苷结晶。
Transverse section of the seed: epidermal cells of the seed coat form a layer of mucilage cells; below it is a row of thick-walled cells arranged in a lattice, with the outer wall intact or the upper end in the form of a tail-like projection, the wall thick or thin and uneven, lignified, with cross-shaped or oblique pits; pigment layer cells contain orange-yellow or yellow-brown substances, and contain calcium oxalate prisms, 7-16 μm in diameter. Endosperm cells 3-4 rows, some walls thickened in a bead-like manner, containing fat droplets. Cotyledon cells contain small clusters or prisms of calcium oxalate, fat droplets, and needle-like hesperidin crystals.

饮片 Prepared Tangerine Seed

橘核 Tangerine Seed

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，洗净，干燥。用时捣碎。
Remove impurities, wash, and dry. Crush before use.

性状 Description

同药材。
Same as the crude drug.

盐橘核 Salted Tangerine Seed

炮制 Processing

取净橘核，照盐水炙法（通则0213）炒干。用时捣碎。
Salted Tangerine Seed: Take clean Tangerine Seed, stir-fry with salt water according to the method of stir-frying with salt water (General Rule 0213), and dry. Crush before use.

性状 Description

本品形如橘核。子叶淡棕色或黄绿色，少淡绿色。气微，味微咸、苦。
The drug is shaped like a Tangerine Seed. Cotyledons are pale brown or yellowish-green, with few pale green ones. Odour, slight; taste, slightly salty and bitter.

性 Property

平。
Neutral.

味 Flavor

苦。
Bitter.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肝、肾经。
Enters the Liver and Kidney meridians.

功能 Actions

理气，散结，止痛。
Soothes the liver qi, disperses stagnation, and relieves pain.

主治 Indications

用于疝气疼痛，睾丸肿痛，乳痈乳癖。
Used for pain due to hernia, testicular swelling and pain, and breast abscess and breast lumps.

用量 Dosage

3～9g。
3-9g.

用法 Administration

无。
None.

贮藏 Storage

置阴凉干燥处， 防蛀。
Store in a dry place, protected from mold and insects.

注∶栽培变种主要有大红袍 Citrus reticulata ‘Dahongpao’、福橘 Citrus reticulata ‘Tangerina’。
Note: The main cultivated varieties include Citrus reticulata ‘Dahongpao’ and Citrus reticulata ‘Tangerina’.

橘核

文本参考：《中国药典（2015年版）》
Text reference: Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition)

概述 Overview

本品为芸香科植物橘Citrus reticulata Blanco及其栽培变种的干燥成熟种子。果实成熟后收集，洗净，晒干。
Tangerine Seed is the dried ripe seed of Citrus reticulata Blanco and its other cultivates (Fam. Rutaceae). The drug is collected after the fruit ripened, washed clean, and dried in the sun.

性状 Description

本品略呈卵形，长0.8～l.2cm，直径0.4～0.6cm。表面淡黄白色或淡灰白色，光滑，一侧有种脊棱线，一端钝圆，另端渐尖成小柄状。外种皮薄而韧，内种皮菲薄，淡棕色，子叶2，黄绿色，有油性。气微，味苦。
Slightly ovoid, 8-12 mm long, 4-6 mm in diameter. Externally pale yellowish-white or pale greyish-white, smoothy, with raphe line on one side, one end obtuse-rounded and the other end acuminate and small stalk-shaped. Testa thin, tenacious; endotesta thin, pale brown, cotyledons 2, yello-wish-green, oily. Odour, slight; taste, bitter.

鉴别 Identification

本品横切面：种皮表皮细胞为黏液细胞层；其下为1列厚壁细胞，排列成栅状，外壁完整或上端呈尾状突起，壁厚薄不匀，木化，具十字形或斜纹孔；色素层细胞含橙黄色或黄棕色物，并含草酸钙方晶，直径7～16μm。胚乳细胞3～4列，有的壁连珠状增厚，含脂肪油滴。子叶细胞含细小草酸钙簇晶或方晶，并含脂肪油滴和针簇状橙皮苷结晶。
Transverse section: Epidermal cells of testa consisting of rows of mucilage cells, with 1 row of palisade-arranged sclerenchymatous cells underneath, outer walls even or with a tail-like convex at the upper end, cell walls lignified, with cross-shaped or diagonal pits and uneven in thickness; cells of pigment layer containing orange-yellow or yellowish-brown contents and prisms of calcium oxalate, 7-16 μm in diameter. Endosperm cells 3-4 rows, some cell walls beaded, containing oil droplets. Cotyledon cells containing fine clusters or prisms of calcium oxalate, oil droplets and rosette crystals of hesperidin.

饮片 Prepared slices

橘核 Tangerine Seed

炮制 Processing

除去杂质，洗净，干燥。用时捣碎。
Eliminate foreign matter, wash clean, and dry. Break into pieces before use.

盐橘核 Tangerine Seed (processed with salt)

炮制 Processing

取净橘核，照盐水炙法（通则0213）炒干。用时捣碎。
Stir-bake the clean Tangerine Seed as described under the method for stir-baking with salt <0213> to dryness and break into pieces before use.

性 Property

苦。
Bitter.

味 Flavor

平。
Neutral.

归经 Meridian tropism

归肝、肾经。
Liver and kidney meridians.

功能 Actions

理气，散结，止痛。
To regulate qi, dissipate bind, and relieve pain.

主治 Indications

用于疝气疼痛，睾丸肿痛，乳痈乳癖。
Pain caused by genital disease, testis swelling and pain, acute mastitis, and mammary hyperplasia.

用量 Dosage

3-9 g.

用法 Administration

无。
N/A

贮藏 Storage

置干燥处，防霉，防蛀。
Preserve in a dry place, and protect from mould and moth.

注 Note

栽培变种主要有大红袍Citrus reticulata ‘Dahongpao’、福橘 Citrus reticulata ‘Tangerina’。
The main cultivaries are Citrus reticulate ‘Dahongpao’ and Citrus reticulate ‘tangerina’.